Study of the comportment of fatty acids and mineral oils on the surface of steel pieces during galvanization

This study shows that vegetable oil like linseed oil can be used as flux in hot-dip galvanization. The natural fatty acids contained in them seem to be able to play similar role of chloride flux usually used. Moreover, it is also possible to use a mineral oil with an added acid function. “Pure” mineral oil well protects the steel from corrosion but leads to a very bad result in galvanization. When an acid function is added to this mineral oil, for example by an addition of hydrochloric acid, the result in galvanization is very good. The coat thickness and the inter-metallic composition depend not on the nature of the flux.     

Central acetylcholine synthesis and catabolism activities in the cuttlefish during aging

Recent data show that neuronal migration disorders (NMD) lower the seizure threshold in the immature brain. To assess if this is an age-related phenomenon, kainic acid (KA) was administered to induce status epilepticus in adult rats with NMD. Results of the present study demonstrate that adult rats with NMD had a shorter latency to seizures and longer duration of status epilepticus compared to age-related controls. Furthermore, in rats with NMD seizures were more severe and status epilepticus-induced mortality was worse than in age-matched controls. These data confirm that NMD lower the seizure threshold in the adult rat. The results of the present study combined with our previous studies in the immature rat, suggest that the facilitating effects of NMD on seizures are not age dependent.     

La commutation de paquets dans le RNIS: de (l’experimentation à I’intégration dans les systèmes*

Integrated service digital networks concepts are currently well established and a number of administrations or network operators are expecting to offer some isdn services soon on a commercial basis: most of these services currently under consideration are based on 64 kbit/s circuit switched bearer capabilities which are inherent to the integrated digital networks from which the isdns are emerging. However network evolution strategies are still under elaboration for the integration of packet switching capabilities. This paper focusses on the steps that, in the view of the French PTT Administration, are necessary to allow a smooth integration of packet switching features in the isdn while preserving a valuable coexistence with existing and well established public switched packet data networks, such as the Transpac network in France. Whilst the commercial opening of the circuit switched based isdn services is planned by 1988, following the Renan pilot, the PTT research center is carrying out the evaluation of the packet feature integration strategy in the isdn, with the Cérame experiment presented here after. Finally the Alcatel developments in relation to the support of isdn packet switched services are presented together with indications on systems impacts.     

Presence d'acide formique dans l'amidon de maïs irradié

Presence of Formic Acid in Irradiated Maize Starch. Formic acid occurs in relatively large amounts during gamma irradiation of maize starch (100 μg/g/Mrad, in oxygen). It represents the main part of radio-induced free acidity. We determined the influence of several parameters: irradiation conditions (dose, dose rate, temperature, surrounding gas), storage temperature, starch characteristics (moisture, impurities), heat treatment. A formation process is prosposed.     

Conductive resins used for tantalum capacitors — mechanical study of bonded joints

Silver-filled polymer coatings and adhesives are used to ensure the cathodic junction of tantalum capacitors. The aim of the present work was to choose new polymerizable materials agreeing with an industrial thermal test: Rapid Test Solder Heating (RTSH). In a first step, the physical chemistry of the main commercial coatings used at the present time was studied. Four commercial silver coatings (epoxy, polyester, polyimide and polyacrylate binders) and one conductive epoxy adhesive were tested. The tensile strengths of the different joints were evaluated both at room temperature and 150°C. The examination of the metallographic cross sections and of the surface fractures were conducted using a scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The failure strength of the joints is discussed in relation with the nature of the binders, the temperature, the cure cycles and the presence of silver fillers blended with the polymer resins.     

Psychoanalysis with avoidant personality disorder: A systematic case study.

This case study of process and outcome is based upon data obtained during a 5-year psychoanalysis of an adult male with avoidant personality disorder (AVPD). To date, no known systematic case studies, effectiveness studies, or randomized control trials exist for psychoanalysis in the treatment of AVPD. In this study, self-reported symptoms and observer-rated personality disorder (PD), global functioning, object relations, and psychological health were gathered at intake, after each year of treatment, and at 1-year follow-up. Process data was gathered to determine the extent to which the treatment adhered to prototypes of psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, and interpersonal therapy. Results indicated that the patient achieved clinically significant reductions in PD, symptom severity, and relational pathology. Gains were maintained at 1-year follow-up. The treatment significantly adhered to psychodynamic principles throughout, with some use of cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal principles in the third year of treatment. These findings warrant further investigation of psychoanalysis for AVPD and demonstrate the usefulness of assessing multiple domains of patient functioning and treatment process. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effects of Laminate Architecture on Fracture Resistance of Sponge Biosilica: Lessons from Nature

Hexactinellid sponges are known for their ability to synthesize unusually long and highly flexible fibrous spicules, which serve as the building blocks of their skeletal systems. The spicules consist of a central core of monolithic hydrated silica, surrounded by alternating layers of hydrated silica and proteinaceous material. The principal objective of the present study is to ascertain the role of the latter laminate architecture in the material's resistance to both crack initiation and subsequent crack growth. This has been accomplished through indentation testing on the giant anchor spicule of Monorhaphis chuni, both in the laminated region and in the monolithic core, along with a theoretical analysis of deformation and cracking at indents. The latter suggests that the threshold load for crack initiation is proportional to K_c⁴/E²H where K_c is fracture toughness, E is Young's modulus, and H is hardness. Two key experimental results emerge. First, the load required to form well‐defined radial cracks from a sharp indent in the laminated region is two orders of magnitude greater than that for the monolithic material. Secondly, its fracture toughness is about 2.5 times that of the monolith, whereas the modulus and hardness are about 20% lower. Combining the latter property values with the theoretical analysis, the predicted increase in the threshold load is a factor of about 80, broadly consistent with the experimental measurements.     

Combining Gprof and Event-Driven Monitoring for Analyzing Distributed Programs:A Rough View of NCSA Mosaic

There are several purposes of analyzing a program:functional or performance analysis,debugging or,more recently,mapping a program to a new paraller or distributed architecture.In this paper,we introduce an effective method leading to the Execution Graph (EG)from a program.First,the Unix profiling tool Gprof is used to get the Execution Model(EM)of a C-program.Then the event-driven monitoring tool AICOS-SIMPLE is used to get the EG which includes not only the call graph but also the execution time table of the program.This method is suitable for analyzing modern distributed programs.As the example of the analysis,the well known HTTP protocol under the NCSA Mosaic is chosen.Ae EG of NCSA Mosaic on the routing level is given.