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排序方式: 共有1411条查询结果,搜索用时 453 毫秒
51.
Nassim Sahboun Kazuhiro Sawa Yasunori Yamamoto Yuta Watanabe Tomomasa Ito 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2020,57(9):1111-1120
ABSTRACT In the event of a severe accident, past experiences such as Three Mile Island and Fukushima Daichi have shown that the reactor core of a light-water nuclear reactor, if not properly safeguarded, could go through a meltdown. This will be followed by the formation of a corium, a mix of molten fuel elements, and liquid metals from the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV). In the worst-case scenario, a melt through from the RPV can occur and lead to the spreading of the corium, in the form of a molten element’s jet impinging on a flat concrete structure of the Primary Containment Vessel (PCV). To enhance the decommissioning and the safety procedure, scope of the present article is to deepen the understanding of the phenomena involved in the mentioned scenario, mainly jet-instability and molten material spreading. In the present study, experiments were carried out, by using corium simulant materials such as Copper and Tin, to investigate the link between the instability of the gravity-driven molten metal jet and the impinging followed by its spreading over a flat area. 相似文献
52.
Young-joon Kim Koji Miyazaki Hiroshi Tsukamoto 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2008,22(10):1930-1936
An inverse transient method with genetic algorithm (GA) was applied to leak detection in pipeline. Transient flow caused by
valve operation was calculated using the characteristics method. The location and discharge of leak were determined so that
the difference of the calculated pressure may be minimized from the reference pressure calculated under a given leak condition.
Calculations were done for the leak at one and two locations in pipeline. Furthermore, the effect of noise in pressure data
was discussed, and the leak locations and leak discharges can be predicted precisely even in the case of noisy data.
This paper was presented at the 9th Asian International Conference on Fluid Machinery (AICFM9), Jeju Korea, October 16–19, 2007. 相似文献
53.
Reproducibility of indentation fracture resistance, KIFR of silicon carbides sintered with B and C was evaluated by a round robin with ten laboratories. When the crack length was measured with an optical microscope at a low magnification of ~100×, KIFR varied widely from 3.43 to 4.20 MPa m1/2, whereas those obtained by a powerful microscopy with both an objective lens of 40× and a traveling stage exhibited a consistent value of 3.20±0.12 MPa m1/2. The wide scatter of KIFR for the former measurements was attributed mainly to the variation in misreading of the crack length. It was revealed that the high resolving power of the objective lens of 40× enabled to find exact crack tips easily, which resulted in the good matching of KIFR between laboratories for the latter case. It was suggested that the observation of indentations with powerful optics was effective for improving the reproducibility of the IF method. 相似文献
54.
Tamotsu Tanaka Kouji Ikita Tetsuji Ashida Yoshiaki Motoyama Yasunori Yamaguchi Kiyoshi Satouchi 《Lipids》1996,31(11):1173-1178
The effects of growth temperature on the fatty acid compositions of the phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine
(PE), and total lipid (TL) fractions of the free-living nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans were investigated. A reduction in growth temperature from 25 to 15°C caused the proportions of eicosapentaenoic acid (20∶5n-3)
to increase from 23.6 to 32.5% in the PC, from 7.4 to 10.8% in the PE, and from 12.9 to 19.9% in the TL fractions. Conversely,
the levels of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20∶3n-6) and arachidonic acid (20∶4n-6) in these phospholipid fractions and the TL
fraction both decreased with decreasing growth temperature. Analysis of the positional distribution of fatty acids in the
PC fraction revealed that the change in the composition of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid was obvious in positionsn-2. Lowering the growth temperature induced an increase in the level of the diacyl subclass of PE from 58% at 25°C to 71%
at 15°C, with a concomitant decrease in the levels of the alkylacyl and alkenylacyl subclass of PE ofC. elegans. These changes observed in the phospholipids ofC. elegans might be one mechanism for adaptation to low temperature. Lipids 31, 1173–1178 (1996). 相似文献
55.
Guanghui Cui Masamichi Fujikawa Shusaku Nagano Masami Sano Hiroshi Takase Tsukasa Miyazaki Shinichi Sakurai Katsuhiro Yamamoto 《Polymer》2014
Polystyrene-b-poly(methyl acrylate) (PS-b-PMA) block copolymer with PS volume fraction of 25.2 vol% was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization. Non-pretreated silicon wafers were used as the substrates to prepare perpendicular oriented PS cylinders in PMA matrix via solvent annealing which could induce the transformation of spheres to vertically oriented and hexagonally packed cylinders. The spherical microdomains were formed after the evaporation of solvents from the solutions of the block copolymer in selective solvents mixed from methanol, acetone and dichloromethane. The thickness of films could be as thick as 1000 nm, which were much thicker than usual cases and the cylinders came from the directional coalescence of the spheres, thus any pre-treatments of the substrates were not required for perpendicular orientation. The structures were characterized by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), atom force microscopy (AFM) and grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). 相似文献
56.
Water lubrication using diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings is regarded as being a promising eco-friendly technology. However, it has been reported that delamination of DLC coatings occurs in water. The authors clarified that the application of friction in ambient air prior to self-mating DLC water lubrication, in addition to the suppression of DLC delamination, caused the friction coefficient to decrease more than when no processing is performed in the boundary lubrication region. When compared to the case when there was no pre-sliding, in terms of the wear scar, in this case, a much more hydrophilic and smoother surface was formed. Therefore, the friction-reducing process in water due to the presence of a sliding history (pre-sliding in ambient air) was clarified by an analysis of the DLC geometry, structure, chemical state and an in situ analysis that can measure the friction properties and the chemical state of DLC. We clarified that the process in which the oxidation and structural changes of the DLC proceed at the time of pre-sliding in ambient air using in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy–attenuated total reflection. It was also revealed that the OH termination subsequently accelerated rapidly due to the friction in water after pre-sliding process. In addition, a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis revealed that this OH group was derived from the lubricating water and unlike the case in which there was no pre-sliding in ambient air, the rate at which OH terminates increased considerably. 相似文献
57.
Carbon Nanotubes: Simple Salt‐Coordinated n‐Type Nanocarbon Materials Stable in Air (Adv. Funct. Mater. 18/2016)
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58.
Yudai Yoshimura Yasunori TakedaKenjiro Fukuda Daisuke KumakiShizuo Tokito 《Organic Electronics》2014,15(11):2696-2701
We have demonstrated fast operation of printed organic inverter circuits. We employ a soluble organic semiconducting material which has high field-effect mobility and ink-jet printed source/drain electrodes with short channel length. Appropriate concentration of the semiconducting solution and modification layer of source/drain electrodes improve both mobility and on/off ratio. The fabricated transistors with a short channel length (4 μm) exhibit excellent mobility (1.2 cm2/V s), high on/off ratio (>105) and operational stability. The diode-load inverter with a narrow channel and low parasitic capacitance operate at 8 kHz at 20 V. These results will lead to significant progress in applications of printed organic circuits. 相似文献
59.
Ill Yong Kim Ryota Iwatsuki Koichi Kikuta Yumi Morita Toshiki Miyazaki Chikara Ohtsuki 《Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications》2011,31(7):1472-1476
Osteoconductive materials with self-setting ability have received much attention because their properties allow developing injectable materials for bone defects. Thermosensitive hydrogel with ability of bone-like apatite formation in a body environment is a candidate of injectable bone fillers with osteoconductivity because the apatite formation on materials is an essential to show osteoconduction. The present study focused on the development of a thermosensitive hydrogel through modifications of the sulphonic groups of the polysaccharide, κ-carrageenan, with potassium chloride (KCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2). We found that the gelation temperature of κ-carrageenan solutions increased with increasing amounts of K+ ions. Apatite formation was observed on the gel after exposure to simulated body fluid for 0.5 day when the gel was prepared with a molar ratio of Ca2+/sulfonic groups = 1.5. These results indicate that a thermosensitive κ-carrageenan hydrogel with apatite-forming ability was obtained through the incorporation of K+ and Ca2+ ions into the solution. 相似文献
60.
Shiplu Roy Chowdhury Yuichi Muneyuki Yasunori Takezawa Masahiro Kino-oka Atsuhiro Saito Yoshiki Sawa Masahito Taya 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2010,109(3):310-313
The transitional behaviors of myoblasts toward differentiation were investigated in the cultures at the low and high seeding densities (respectively, X0 = 1.0 × 103 and 2.0 × 105 cells/cm2). In the culture at the low seeding density, an increase in confluence degree accompanied a decrease in growth potential (Rp), being Rp = 0.85 and 0.11 at t = 48 and 672 h, respectively. Myoblasts seeded at the high density resulted in the immediate cessation of growth with keeping the low range of Rp = 0.02–0.09 throughout the culture. The reduction of Rp led to the generation of three subpopulations of cells in proliferative, quiescent and differentiated states. Close cell contacts in the confluent state of high seeding culture induced cell quiescence to a higher extent with suppressing differentiation. 相似文献