2020年广州市定配眼镜质量监督抽查结果分析报告

通过2020年度广州市定配眼镜产品监督抽查结果的综合分析,对广州地区定配眼镜的质量状况、产品不合格的原因和眼镜行业存在的共性问题进行了总结,为管理部门和验配眼镜企业提供了管理和改进的建议,有利于引领地区眼镜行业的健康发展.     

空调系统冷冻油充注效率研究

注油结构是制约空调系统真空注油效率的关键因素之一.为研究三种常用注油结构的优劣性,采用试验方式分析测试了空调系统真空注油全过程中时间和压力变化情况.结果表明:截止阀和内螺纹注氟嘴形式的注油结构冷冻油充注效率较高;截止阀在安装/拆除接头等准备工作上所需时间普遍比注氟嘴多;真空注油的三个过程均会导致系统内部压力升高,影响后工序的实施效率.综合考虑冷冻油充注时间、操作效率和冷冻油灌注后系统压力回升因素,内螺纹注氟嘴为真空注油结构的最优选择.研究结果为空调系统注油结构设计提供了参考.     

基于改进快速幂次趋近律的永磁同步电机滑模控制

针对永磁同步电机(PMSM)滑模控制指数趋近律中趋近速度与抖振之间的矛盾问题,基于快速幂次趋近律提出一种幂次项系数自适应调节的新型趋近律。所提趋近律将系统状态引入幂次项系数中,实现了系统状态由较远处到滑模面附近的趋近过程中加入幂次项的作用,在保证幂次项特点的前提下,动态响应过程的收敛速度大大提高。负载转矩是滑模速度控制器中的一个扰动项,设计了带有幂次项的滑模观测器,将观测值作为转矩前馈补偿。仿真结果表明,与快速幂次趋近律相比,所提趋近律具有更快的收敛速度,负载观测器能准确跟踪负载变化,提升了系统抗扰性能。     

Nickel-Carnosine complex:A new carrier for enzymes immobilization by affinity adsorption

Immobilization is an effective method to promote the application of enzyme industry for improving the stability and realizing recovery of enzyme.To some extent,the performance of immobilized enzyme depends on the choice of carrier material.Therefore,the development of new carrier materials has been one of the key issues concerned by enzyme immobilization researchers.In this work,a novel organic-inorganic hybrid material,nickel-carnosine complex (NiCar),was synthesized for the first time by solvothermal method.The obtained NiCar exhibits spherical morphology,hierarchical porosity and abun-dant unsaturated coordination nickel ions,which provide excellent anchoring sites for the immobiliza-tion of proteins.His-tagged organophosphate-degrading enzyme (OpdA) and ω-transaminase (ω-TA)were used as model enzymes to evaluate the performance of NiCar as a carrier.By a simple adsorption process,the enzyme molecules can be fixed on the particles of NiCar,and the stability and reusability are significantly improved.The analysis of protein adsorption on NiCar verified that the affinity adsorp-tion between the imidazole functional group on the protein and the unsaturated coordination nickel ions on NiCar was the main force in the immobilization process,which provided an idea way for the develop-ment of new enzyme immobilization carriers.     

3D Prussian blue/Pt decorated carbon nanofibers based screen-printed microchips for the ultrasensitive hydroquinone biosensing

Nowadays,water pollution has become more serious,greatly affecting human life and healthy.Electrochemical biosensor,a novel and rapid detection technique,plays an important role in the real-time and trace detection of water pollutants.However,the stability and sensitivity of electrochemical biosensors remain a great challenge for practical detections in real samples to the strong interferences derived from complex components and coagulation effects.In this work,we reported a novel three-dimensional architecture of Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs)/ Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) composite film,using 3D interweaved carbon nanofibers as a supporting matrix,for the construction of screen-printed microchips-based biosensor.PtNPs with diameters of～2.5 nm was highly dispersed on the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) to build a 3D skeleton nanostructure through a solvothermal reduction.Subsequently,uniform PBNPs were in-situ self-assembled on this skeleton to construct a 3D architecture of PB/Pt-CNF composite film.Due to the synergistic effects derived from this special feature,the as-prepared hydro-quinone (HQ) biosensor chips can synchronously promote both surface area and conductivity to greatly enhance the electrocatalysis from enzymatic reaction.This biosensor has exhibited a high sensitivity of 220.28 μA·L·mmol-1·cm-2 with an ultrawide linear range from 2.5μmol·L-1 to 1.45 mmol·L-1 at a low potential of 0.15 V,as well as the satisfactory reproducibility and usage stability.Besides,its accuracy was also verified in the assays of real water samples.It is highly expected that the 3D PB/Pt-CNF based screen-printed microchips will have wide applications in dynamic monitoring and early warning of ana-lytes in the various practical fields.     

基于EMD-WPT-SVD和指数加权平均的MOA阻性电流去干扰方法

金属氧化物避雷器(metal oxide arrester,MOA)阻性电流测量受环境干扰、高频噪声干扰和脉冲干扰等因素的影响,阻性电流实测信号必然含有多种强干扰成分.针对传统阻性电流去干扰方法在多种并发干扰情形下难以适用的难题,提出了一种基于EMD-WPT-SVD和指数加权平均的MOA阻性电流去干扰方法.首先,依据阻性电流中周期干扰的基波频率、采样频率和特征频率是否被间谐波浸没的特点,选取最佳分解层数和最优小波基;其次,对MOA阻性电流进行经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD),将含有特征频率的模态分量再使用小波包变换(wavelet packet transform,WPT),使每个子信号最多含有一个特征频率;再采用奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)准确提取所有子信号中的周期分量;最后,从原信号中准确消除阻性电流受到的周期干扰,然后通过指数加权平均算法得到能真实反映MOA工况的阻性电流变化趋势.将模拟信号和工程实测数据与多种经典方法进行比较,结果证明:所提方法能消除阻性电流的多种干扰,得到能真实反映MOA实时工况的阻性电流,其结果满足实际工程测量的要求.     

室温下ZnO超疏水表面的制备及油水分离性能

利用简便的液相法,在室温下于不锈钢网上沉积ZnO纳米片和纳米花粗糙结构,接着通过浸渍法修饰低表面能物质硬脂酸,制备了超疏水不锈钢网。对沉积后的不锈钢网表面形貌、晶体结构、润湿性能、耐磨性能、油水分离性能等进行表征与测定。结果表明,该不锈钢网表面由纳米片和纳米花组成的微纳米结构ZnO构成,具有超疏水性,水接触角161 °;油水分离效率达98%,循环使用20次后分离效率仍保持在95.5%以上;具有良好的机械耐磨性,在高盐环境中表现出化学稳定性。     

林生茜草果实花青素纯化及稳定性分析

以林生茜草果实为原料,比较了6种大孔树脂对其花青素的吸附及解吸性能,确定林生茜草果实花青素的纯化工艺条件,并对纯化后的花青素进行了稳定性研究。结果表明,LX-8树脂为最佳纯化树脂,吸附平衡时间3 h,最佳工艺条件：吸附及解吸液pH 2.0,解吸剂乙醇体积百分数70%,吸附与解吸流速均为0.5 mL/min,解吸剂用量60 mL。纯化后色价77.53,纯度（质量分数）37.99%。稳定性研究结果表明,林生茜草果实花青素在酸性、低温、避光环境中较为稳定;Na+ 、K+ 、Al3+ 、Mg2+ 的加入对其稳定性无不良影响,Ca2+ 、Fe2+ 则对其稳定性具有破坏作用;氧化还原剂对花青素具有破坏作用;而防腐剂对其稳定性没有影响;加热条件下,糖与酸味剂的加入均对花青素稳定性产生影响。     

小电流接地自动轮切选线应用与实践*

零序CT极性是小电流接地选线的基础,直接影响接地选线的准确性.针对零序CT极性未及时判别或判别不可靠的问题,应用自动轮切选线方法,与线路重合闸配合,实现接地故障自动切除.通过接地故障保护动作分析和录波分析,可有效判定零序CT极性,对小电流接地选线的推广应用具有重要意义.     

长定子双馈直线电机电磁计算与有限元分析

双馈直线电机(DFLM)以其推力密度大、响应速度快、可控性能良好及可实现无接触能量传递的优势,有望在未来高速轨道交通的直线牵引中发挥作用.结合DFLM的结构特点和经典旋转电机设计公式,设计了长定子DFLM的主要电磁参数,并建立了DFLM的二维有限元模型,采用电机不等极距抑制推力波动、定子单匝线圈降低端电压等方法,对电机推力和感应电动势等特性进行了分析与优化,最终使优化过的设计方案满足轨道交通牵引系统的要求.