威尼斯城市场所营造研究

威尼斯古城本身是一个复杂的场所系统,其中包含着不同层级的场所形态。本文通过对威尼斯城市场所形态的观察、研究,对其场所空间生长机制、场所结构逻辑以及场所空间特征进行分析总结。     

高校非正规学生街研究——以华侨大学厦门校区为例

随着大学新校区选址的郊区化,规划之外的“非正规学生街”开始普遍存在于国内各大高校新校区内外。尽管其最终可能走向消亡,但我们不能忽视这些“非正规学生街”所带来的机遇和挑战。文章结合华侨大学厦门校区非正规学生街调研的实例,从观察非正规学生街的存在、发展和衰退的现象入手,分析其生成原因和存在的意义,以期为我国大学新校区的规划建设管理提供有益的启示。     

Synthesis of phenyl silicone resin with epoxy and acrylate group and its adhesion enhancement for addition-cure silicone encapsulant with high refractive index

A novel phenyl silicone resin with epoxy and acrylate group (PSREA) was successfully synthesized via the non-hydrolytic sol-gel condensation reaction of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and diphenylsilanediol, and was employed as the adhesion promoter for addition-cure silicone encapsulant (ASE) with high refractive index. The structure of PSREA was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and ²⁹Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The influence of PSREA on the properties of ASE was studied. It was found that PSREA could markedly enhance the adhesion strength of ASE to aluminum (Al) and poly(p-phenylene terephthamide) (PPA) substrate. When the content of PSREA was 1.5 phr, the shear strength of ASE was 4.43 and 2.27 MPa for Al and PPA substrate, which was about 71 and 266% higher than that of ASE without the adhesion promoter, respectively. In addition, PSREA had little effect on the mechanical properties, refractive index, and viscosity of ASE.     

碳纤/环氧复合材料层合板低速冲击损伤机理研究

对[0/90/0/90]_(2s)和[+45/-45/0/90]_(2s)以及平纹布铺层方式的T300/环氧复合材料层合板进行低速冲击实验,在圆形试样的基础上比较不同铺层结构的复合材料在冲击性能方面的差异,从冲击能量传播的角度分析不同铺层结构复合材料的冲击破坏机理。并在ABAQUS有限元模拟的基础上分析冲击破坏的能量传播机理。结果表明冲击能量的传播与复合材料层合板中织物沿厚度方向的铺层结构有关,也与每一层织物内纤维的方向和纤维的空间结构有关。冲击能量在排列很直的纤维中传播很快,沿纤维轴向的损伤更容易传递,所以单向布铺层的复合材料与平纹布铺层的复合材料相比,冲击中心区域的损伤小,但是损伤的范围大,纤维的弯曲会降低冲击能量沿纤维轴向的传播速度,平纹织物中每一层纤维存在交织点,冲击能量集中在冲击中心区域,使得平纹布铺层的复合材料冲击损伤集中于冲击中心处且损伤程度比单向布铺层的复合材料大,出现更多的纤维断裂情况。在铺层复合材料中纤维排列的方向越多,沿纤维轴向传播的能量方向也就越多,冲击能量在每一层的面内传播更均匀,有利于减轻复合材料受冲击的损伤程度。     

The role of conductive pathways in the conductivity and rheological behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)–graphite composites

Up to now, research on the dynamic process of conductive network formation has tended to focus on composite particles with one‐dimensional geometry, such as carbon black and carbon nanotubes. However, studies on this subject based on fillers with two‐dimensional structure, such as graphite, are rare in the literature. In this work, the dynamic percolation and rheological properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)–graphite composites under an electric field were investigated. The activation energies of conductive network formation and polymer matrix mobility were calculated from the temperature dependence of the percolation time and the zero‐shear viscosity. It was found that the activation energy calculated from the zero‐shear viscosity was not influenced by the electric field in the concentration range investigated, but the electric field had an effect on the activation energy calculated from the percolation time. This finding emphasizes that the electrical and rheological properties have different physical origins. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43810.     

Structural and Electrical Characteristics of (1−x)Pb(Lu1/2Nb1/2)O3–xPbTiO3 Ceramics with Low PbTiO3

A solid solution of (1?x)Pb(Lu_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃–xPbTiO₃ with composition of 0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.08 have been prepared successfully. XRD analysis indicates the crystal structure adopts an orthorhombic (O) phase in 0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.06 interval and becomes the coexistence of O and rhombohedral (R) phase at x = 0.07, then turns into R phase mostly at x = 0.08. In addition, two sets of superlattice reflections due to B‐site ordering and antiparallel cation displacement are distinguished by XRD and the superstructures which arise from antiparallel cation displacement disappear gradually with the increasing x. The grain size increases gradually with the increasing x, and then becomes the bimodal microstructure at x ≥ 0.06 due to the coexistence of O and R phase. The dielectric spectra exhibit Curie temperature decreases from 248°C to 147°C with increasing x from 0.01 to 0.08. As 0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.04, the samples display typical double hysteresis loops, suggesting antiferroelectric nature, then turn into ferroelectric gradually at x = 0.05. Finally, it exhibit typical ferroelectric hysteresis loops in 0.06 ≤ x ≤ 0.08 interval.     

Gas‐liquid mass transfer behavior in a surface‐aerated vessel stirred by a novel long‐short blades agitator

For a recently developed long‐short blades (LSB) agitator, its critical rotational speed for the onset of gas entrainment, power number, and gas‐liquid mass transfer behavior in the case of surface aeration is investigated. The effect of the LSB configurations and the liquid level on the agitator performance has been studied in details. The obtained results clearly show several advantages of the LSB agitator in gas‐liquid mass transfer with respect to the agitators in the literature. It is found that its gas‐liquid volumetric mass‐transfer coefficient at a given specific power can be several times larger than those shown in the literature. It can also avoid decrease in the gas‐liquid mass transfer rate as the liquid level increases. In addition, the bubble distribution in the system is more uniform with respect to conventional agitators, resulting from better distribution of the dissipated energy for the LSB agitator. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 1322–1330, 2016     

Thermoplastic polyvinyl alcohol/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites: Preparation,mechanical properties,thermal properties,and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness

This study uses the solution mixing method to combine plasticized polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a matrix, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as reinforcement to form PVA/MWCNTs films. The films are then laminated and hot pressed to create PVA/MWCNTs composites. The control group of PVA/MWCNTs composites is made by incorporating the melt compounding method. Diverse properties of PVA/MWCNTs composites are then evaluated. For the experimental group, the incorporation of MWCNTs improves the glass transition temperature (T_g), crystallization temperature, T_c), and thermal stability of the composites. In addition, the test results indicate that composites containing 1.5 wt % of MWCNTs have the maximum tensile strength of 51.1 MPa, whereas composites containing 2 wt % MWCNTs have the optimal electrical conductivity of 2.4 S/cm, and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of ?31.41 dB. This study proves that the solution mixing method outperforms the melt compounding method in terms of mechanical properties, dispersion, melting and crystallization behaviors, thermal stability, and EMI SE. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43474.