What Currently Limits Charge Carrier Mobility in Crystals of Molecular Semiconductors?

Charge carrier mobility is a central property that characterizes the performances of organic semiconductors and is mostly measured in field-effect transistors. High mobility values are sought by many research teams. This article, that provides an overview of best performing molecular semiconductors is constructed on the question: What currently limits charge carrier mobility in crystals of molecular semiconductors? With this in mind, we confront, in a critical way, the current theoretical understanding to the most salient experimental results with the hope to reach a deeper understanding based on first principles and order of magnitudes of the main physical parameters.     

Deterministic network exploration by a single agent with Byzantine tokens

A mobile agent has to explore an unknown network with unlabeled nodes: it must visit all nodes by walking along the links of the network, and eventually stop. If no upper bound on the size of the network is known and nodes of the network cannot be marked, then this exploration task cannot be accomplished for arbitrary networks by a deterministic terminating algorithm. On the other hand, it is feasible, if there is one unmovable token at the starting node of the agent. We investigate the exploration problem in arbitrary networks in the presence of identical unmovable tokens, some of which are Byzantine. A Byzantine token can be visible or invisible to the agent whenever the latter visits the node where the token is located, and visibility is decided by the adversary at each visit of the agent. If no upper bound on the number of tokens is known to the agent, deterministic exploration of all networks is impossible, even if all tokens are fault free. It is also impossible if all tokens are Byzantine, even if their number is known. Our main result is a deterministic exploration algorithm with cost polynomial in the (unknown) size of the network, which works in arbitrary networks, provided that the agent knows some upper bound on the total number of tokens, and that at least one token is fault free.     

Flow-Aware Workload Migration in Data Centers

In data centers, subject to workloads with heterogeneous (and sometimes short) lifetimes, workload migration is a way of attaining a more efficient utilization of the underlying physical machines. To not introduce performance degradation, such workload migration must take into account not only machine resources, and per-task resource requirements, but also application dependencies in terms of network communication. This paper presents a workload migration model capturing all of these constraints. A linear programming framework is developed allowing accurate representation of per-task resources requirements and inter-task network demands. Using this, a multi-objective problem is formulated to compute a re-allocation of tasks that (1) maximizes the total inter-task throughput, while (2) minimizing the cost incurred by migration and (3) allocating the maximum number of new tasks. A baseline algorithm, solving this multi-objective problem using the \(\varepsilon\)-constraint method is proposed, in order to generate the set of Pareto-optimal solutions. As this algorithm is compute-intensive for large topologies, a heuristic, which computes an approximation of the Pareto front, is then developed, and evaluated on different topologies and with different machine load factors. These evaluations show that the heuristic can provide close-to-optimal solutions, while reducing the solving time by one to two order of magnitudes.     

基于EMD和FFT的齿轮箱故障诊断

提出了一种基于小波包分析(WPA),经验模态分解(EMD)和快速傅里叶变换(FFT)的齿轮箱故障诊断方法,此方法适合于非线性非稳态信号的自适应分析.首先运用WPA对采集的齿轮箱振动信号进行分解可得到不同频率的子频带;然后对各子频带信号进行EMD,从而得到一定数量的本征模态函数(IMF);最后选取特定的IMF,对其作FFT可得到相应的功率谱,从而提取齿轮箱故障特征频率,进而对齿轮箱故障模式进行识别和诊断.分析结果表明本文所提议的方法能有效地检测出齿轮箱故障特征频率.     

Microcracks with unexpected characteristics induced by CTE mismatch in two-phase model materials

In order to study model microstructures representative of industrial refractory materials, this work is devoted to the elaboration and microstructural characterisation of two-phase model materials able to develop interfacial damage by thermal expansion mismatch between the matrix and inclusions. The studied materials are composed of a vitreous matrix surrounding dense alumina balls (Al₂O₃ 99.9%). As expected, because of the not null dilatometric dissension (Δα < 0 with α_matrix < α_inclusions), all the samples exhibit partial decohesions at the matrix-inclusions interfaces. But one also observes the presence of two types of unexpected cracks: straight cracks in the median plane between two inclusions and circular cracks around inclusions. Numerical, analytical and experimental tools were used to study the origin of such unexpected defects.     

Silicon nanocrystals as a photoluminescence down shifter for solar cells

The effects of a Si-rich silicon oxide (SRO) layer containing silicon nanocrystals as photoluminescence down-shifter layer on a conventional Si solar cell were investigated. Two SRO layers with different thicknesses but same composition were deposited on top of Si solar cells by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition and followed by high temperature annealing to precipitate silicon nanocrystals. The SRO layers absorb efficiently high energy photons (especially higher than twice Si bandgap) and emit photons at longer wavelength, which are in turn absorbed by Si. A relative increase of about 14% to the internal quantum efficiency has been observed.