Effects of ultrasonic treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of semisolid Sn-52Bi alloy

The effects of ultrasonic vibration temperature on the microstructure of semisolid Sn-52 Bi alloy and mechanical properties were investigated. The results show that the microstructure and mechanical properties are improved obviously after the ultrasonic treatment. Nearly round and uniformly distributed primary Sn phase particles were obtained under the cavitation and acoustic streaming caused by ultrasonic treatment. The best effects of ultrasonic treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties were obtained with the ultrasonic vibration for 120 s at 140 ℃. The elongation of semisolid Sn-52 Bi alloy treated by ultrasonic vibration for 120 s at 140 ℃ was 42% and increased by 156.09% compared to conventional liquid casting Sn-52 Bi alloy without ultrasonic vibration. It is a feasible and effective method to adopt the semisolid metal forming technology assisted with ultrasonic vibration to improve the ductility of Sn-Bi alloys.     

水平弹性支撑抛物线拱在均布荷载与热载荷作用下的屈曲特性

分析了水平弹性支撑抛物线拱在均布荷载与热负荷共同作用下的屈曲特性,通过变分原理推导了弹性支撑抛物线拱的非线性平衡方程,得到了外荷载与径向位移和轴力的关系,用数值法分析了弹性支撑抛物线拱在均布荷载与热负荷共同作用下屈曲特性。     

稀薄效应下空气静压主轴动态特性分析及试验研究

针对微尺度下空气静压主轴的动态特性问题,建立了体现稀薄效应的主轴有限元模型,对主轴的模态、谐响应进行了研究。首先,基于有限元法对主轴进行建模,轴承部分采用Combin14弹簧单元建模。接着,通过扰动法得出稀薄效应下以及传统情况下轴承的刚度、阻尼参数,将此参数替代主轴模态分析中采用的弹簧单元的刚度、阻尼参数,结合主轴实际工作状态,进而分析出两种情况下的主轴的模态结果。然后,对主轴进行谐响应分析,校核之前模态分析结果。最后,对主轴进行锤击模态试验,从而检验两种状态下的模态分析结果。实验结果表明：稀薄效应下分析所得主轴1阶固有频率值较试验测量值的误差只有3.6%左右,而传统情况下得出的1阶频率值的误差在15%左右,这对主轴系统以后的优化设计和精度控制方面具有一定的理论依据。     

基于改进的特征图串法识别人体行为

视频的有效表达是识别行为关键与难点。本文提出了一种改进的特征图串的视频表达方法,在动态规划框架下,利用子模优化方法和图匹配技术实现了行为的识别。首先,利用近年来被广泛应用的时空特征点探测器获取视频序列中的关键点;接着引入子模优化方法完成视频在时域上的划分;然后在每个时域区间内以关键点为节点形成图结构,使得行为视频的特征表示转化为有序的特征图串;最后基于重加权随机游走的图匹配方法和动态时间规整实现成对视频的匹配与对齐。通过两组公开数据集（KTH和UT-interaction）上的实验及与其他方法的比较,验证了本文方法是有效的、可行的。     

Winglet geometry effects on tip leakage loss over the plane tip in a turbine cascade

The effects of winglet offset distance, winglet coverage, and winglet cross section on the over-tip leakage loss for the plane tip have been investigated experimentally in a turbine blade cascade for a tip gap height-to-span ratio of h/s = 1.36 %. The results show that the over-tip leakage loss for the full coverage winglet increases steeply with increasing the winglet offset distance. This loss generation is attributed to flow disturbances over the forward-facing and backward-facing steps within the tip gap. The winglet flush mounted to the tip surface provides the best result. With the leading edge winglet portion or without it, the both-side winglet always provides better aerodynamic performance than the corresponding pressure-side winglet or suction-side winglet. Longer coverage of the both-side winglet leads to lower loss. Therefore, the full coverage winglet performs best in the loss reduction for the plane tip. In general, thinner winglet leads to better aerodynamic result, and the winglet cross section having a slant bottom surface with the smallest thickness at its outer end is recommended.     

Noncovalent Functionalized Graphene-Filled Polyimides with Improved Thermal,Mechanical, and Wear Resistance Properties

A facile method is proposed to prepare poly-o-phenylenediamine (PoPD) noncovalent functionalized graphene (G)-reinforced polyimide (PI) nanocomposites. PoPD-G exhibited excellent dispersibility in various organic solvents. The structures of PoPD-G were characterized by Raman and UV spectrum, which verified the π–π interactions between PoPD and G. The effective exfoliation of graphene nanosheets was investigated by observation of the morphology of PoPD-G with SEM, SPM, and TEM. Compared to PI/G composites, the interfacial adhesion between graphene nanosheets and PI matrices promoted efficient stress transfer from PI chains to PoPD-G nanofillers. Polyimide nanocomposites with different incorporations of PoPD-G exhibited outstanding thermal properties. It is interesting to note that only 0.5 wt% PoPD-G-reinforced PI composites increased by 20.8% in hardness, enhanced by 84.0% in storage modulus, and reduced by 72.8% in wear rate compared with neat PI. The eminent enhancement was attributed to the facile dispersion of graphene nanosheets and strong interface adhesion between PI and PoPD-G.     

冷轧界面油膜厚度对表面形貌转印过程的影响

为研究冷连轧过程中接触界面润滑油膜厚度对表面形貌转印过程的影响,在跟踪实际生产中带钢表面形貌的基础上,结合轧辊表面磨损形貌以及润滑分析确定的界面油膜分布,建立真实表面接触的带钢形貌生成模型,用跟踪测量轧辊服役期内生产带钢表面的粗糙度对模型进行验证.利用模型分析在不同磨损状态下电火花毛化轧辊油膜厚度对转印形成带钢表面形貌的影响规律.结果表明:轧辊表面处于不同磨损状态时,带钢表面Ra的转印率随着油膜厚度的增加而减小;轧辊表面磨损后转印形成的带钢表面P_c的转印率在油膜厚度增加的初期基本保持不变,而后急剧减小.     

并联双循环风冷冰箱短周期切换控制特性

针对并联双循环风冷冰箱冷藏室、冷冻室不能同步降温,导致冷冻室回温时间长的问题,实验研究了开机后冷藏降温过程中兼顾冷冻降温的"2 min冷藏+1 min冷冻"短周期切换控制特性.结果表明:开机后,停机时积聚在冷冻蒸发器中的制冷剂逐渐向冷藏蒸发器迁移,前6个短周期内,迁移造成的冷藏蒸发器制冷量损失由33.9%降至5.2%,之后维持不变直至冷藏运行结束.冷冻室感温包温度前6个短周期内从-16.5℃降至-17.8℃,而之后5个短周期仅降低约0.3℃.采用短周期切换控制,冷藏降温阶段可兼顾冷冻室降温,且在冷冻降温时间的缩短与冷藏运行时间的延长之间存在使压缩机运行时间最短的最优值.