基于J油田生产数据的抽油机井平衡度研究

采用现场数据跟踪分析的方法分析了J油田平衡度的影响因素、平衡度调整前后的变化以及平衡度调整的周期。结果表明,原油黏度越大,抽油机井平衡度越低;对于蒸汽吞吐转抽后的油井,平衡度在0~80d内平衡度较差,在81~240d内平衡度较好,在240d以后平衡度又变得较差;抽油机使用天数与平衡度关系不大,皮带式抽油机比游梁式抽油机的平衡度高;调整抽油机井平衡,抽油机的有效功率增加,泵的充满程度增加,泵效提高;平衡度增加10%~50%,用电量节省11.2~23.2kW·h,节省电量3.9%~14.2%;随着平衡度差值变大,抽油机井用电量增加。新一轮注汽结束后,建议开采7d后开始调节平衡,对于黏度较大的井,应当加强平衡度调整频率;对于生产较稳定,黏度适中的油井,每间隔21~78d调节1次。     

厌氧生物滤池在生活污水厌氧-好氧组合处理工艺中的应用

摘要：根据农村生活污水的特点及选择处理工艺应考虑的因素,构建了适应分散式生活污水处理要求的“厌氧消化-缺氧-好氧-人工湿地”组合工艺。本文系统阐述了厌氧生物滤池反应单元在“厌氧消化-缺氧-好氧-人工湿地”工艺去除化学需氧量(COD)的作用,着重分析了水力停留时间（HRT）对厌氧生物滤池处理效果、产气效能、运行特性的影响规律。研究结果表明,厌氧生物滤池单元经过65d的中低温驯化后稳定运行,在HRT为72h条件下,厌氧系统污水COD去除率约37.8%。与跌水接触氧化和人工湿地工艺联用后,平均出水COD 39.3mg•L-1,平均去除率为86.2%,满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）中COD项目的一级A标准。     

Sintering behaviors and properties of porous ceramics derived from artificially cultured diatom frustules

Bimodal porous ceramics with high strength have been fabricated by conventional powder metallurgy utilizing artificially cultured diatom frustules (DFs). The effect of sintering temperature on thermal behaviors, phase transition, and pore structures features of DFs-based porous ceramics is investigated between 800 and 1200°C. The phase evolution of DFs powders is investigated with thermal analysis (DIL and DSC-TG). Phase transition behaviors analyzed with XRD, Raman, and FT-IR spectra confirm the transformation of quartz into cristobalite phases occurs under 1050°C. Sintering under 950°C could bind DFs powders tightly into high strength porous ceramics while maintain the multilayer pore structures simultaneously, having porosity of 56.4%, compressive strength of 15.0 MPa and surface area of 50.9 m²/g, respectively. Slit-shaped microstructures and mesopores (2-50 nm) are observed in DFs-based porous ceramics sintered under 1050°C. Collapse and blockage of pore structures as well as partial fusion of DFs particles happened at the temperature of 1100°C, indicating the presence of diminished multilayers and particle agglomeration.     

Spatial distribution of silica fillers in phase-separated rubber blends investigated by three-dimensional elemental mapping

The distribution of nano-sized silica in binary rubber blends is characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). 3D distribution of silica is visualized by STEM-EDX tomography with the tilt-series of silicon elemental maps, while the phase-separated morphologies of polyisoprene rubber (IR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) are visualized by STEM-tomography in high-angle-annular-dark field (HAADF) mode. The combination of STEM-EDX and STEM-HAADF tomography enables us to determine the distribution of silica between the two rubber phases quantitatively even with high contents of silica up to 70 phr (weight parts per hundred rubber). It is found that silica is preferentially distributed in the SBR phase, but it is also distributed in the IR phase when the IR fraction in the total rubber components is higher than 40 wt%. The preferential distribution of silica in the SBR phase improves the dispersion of the IR domains. This is the first use of this technique for a multicomponent polymer system, showing the advantage to characterize the complicated multicomponent polymer composite morphologies.     

碳纳米纤维增强聚甲醛复合材料制备及性能

通过纳米碳纤维(CNFs)在聚甲醛(POM)基体中的均匀分散以及取向,制备了具有优异力学性能和热性能的POM/CNFs复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、拉伸性能测试、热重分析、动态热机械分析测试表征了POM/CNFs复合材料的结构和力学、热学性能。结果表明,CNFs与POM分子链形成氢键相互作用,促进了CNFs在POM基体内分散,同时使POM/CNFs复合材料的结晶度显著提高。随着CNFs含量增加,POM/CNFs复合材料的拉伸强度、储能模量和损耗模量均得到提高。当添加0.5%的CNFs时,拉伸强度、储能模量及损耗模量分别提高了20.5%,127%和58%。进一步研究了高温拉伸对POM/CNFs复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,CNFs沿拉伸方向定向排列,同时复合材料拉伸后结晶度提高,拉伸强度显著增加。     

基于2M光接口的线路保护通信通道设计与应用

传统的光纤复用保护通道需将保护装置发出的光信号通过光电转换设备变成电信号后再复用进SDH传输,对端也需将收到的电信号转换成光信号后送到保护装置.这种方式增加了中间转换环节,致使信号传输效率低、时延较大、故障隐患较多.针对上述问题,设计了一种基于2M光接口的光纤复用保护通道,省去中间转换环节.应用结果表明,通道方式结构简单,传输稳定,安装调试环节减少,能够满足保护通道要求.     

基于曲线拟合和SVM的眼动信号分类算法研究

为提高基于EOG的眼动信号分类算法精度,改进基于EOG的人—机交互系统性能,提出了一种基于曲线拟合(curve fitting)与支持向量机(SVM)的眼动信号分类算法(CF-SVM),并设计了新的实验范式,增加了“扫视保持”环节.该算法采用曲线拟合方法进行特征提取,在此基础上,使用SVM分类器对眼动信号进行分类.实验室环境下,对9名眼部活动正常的受试者进行了眼动数据采集与识别,CF-SVM算法的平均分类准确率达到98.3％,与其他几种眼动识别方法相比较,其平均正确率分别提升了9.4％、5.9％、1.0％.实验结果表明,CF-SVM算法在眼动信号识别中表现了良好的性能,具有高的分类精度和鲁棒性.     

Exploring cell tower data dumps for supervised learning-based point-of-interest prediction (industrial paper)

Exploring massive mobile data for location-based services becomes one of the key challenges in mobile data mining. In this paper, we investigate a problem of finding a correlation between the collective behavior of mobile users and the distribution of points of interest (POIs) in a city. Specifically, we use large-scale cell tower data dumps collected from cell towers and POIs extracted from a popular social network service, Weibo. Our objective is to make use of the data from these two different types of sources to build a model for predicting the POI densities of different regions in the covered area. An application domain that may benefit from our research is a business recommendation application, where a prediction result can be used as a recommendation for opening a new store/branch. The crux of our contribution is the method of representing the collective behavior of mobile users as a histogram of connection counts over a period of time in each region. This representation ultimately enables us to apply a supervised learning algorithm to our problem in order to train a POI prediction model using the POI data set as the ground truth. We studied 12 state-of-the-art classification and regression algorithms; experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.