低剂量率γ射线杀伤肿瘤细胞机制的实验研究

用60Co源以1Gy/min剂量率照射Hela细胞,剂量分别为1、2、5、10、15Gy.用AnnexinV和PI双染法观察凋亡细胞形态;DNA梯形条带证实凋亡存在;克隆形成分析细胞增殖能力.结果显示:(1)Hela细胞凋亡率随照射剂量和时间的增加呈上升趋势,照射后168h组各剂量点凋亡率高于其他各时间组.2Gy以下时凋亡率改变不大,达5Gy时凋亡率显著增加,且达峰值(72.57±2.04)%(P＜0.001).(2)早期凋亡细胞,PS外翻,胞膜呈绿色荧光圈.凋亡晚期出现Annexin V-FITC及PI染色均阳性的外绿内红的细胞图像.坏死细胞则为红色.(3)凋亡细胞碎片呈"梯状"条带.(4)1Gy/min的剂量率照射,剂量为2-15Gy,克隆形成率由(58.95±0.36)%降至(1.67±0.35)%(P＜0.001).表明低剂量率γ射线照射可诱导Hela细胞凋亡,其凋亡率与照射剂量相关,在5Gy时凋亡率最高.     

包钢U76CrRE钢轨生命周期评价

通过对包钢生产的U76CrRE钢轨进行生命周期评价(LCA)研究,计算得到该产品的LCA结果,分析了该产品环境影响因素在各阶段的分布情况,进一步分析了各生产工序的能耗情况和外购产品碳排放的构成情况,研究结果为U76CrRE钢轨的生态设计和绿色制造提供了科学的数据支撑。     

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts alleviate oxidative stress and ER stress in skeletal muscle of low‐dose streptozotocin‐ and high‐carbohydrate/high‐fat diet‐induced diabetic rats

Although ER stress in pancreas, liver, and adipose tissue was reported to be a novel event linked to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, there is much less information on this event in skeletal muscle. Some studies indicated that treatment with antioxidants had beneficial effects on ER stress and diabetes. This study focuses on the effects of a strong antioxidant, grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts (GSPE), on skeletal muscle in diabetic rats induced with low dose streptozotocin‐ and a high‐carbohydrate/high‐fat diet. After 16 wk of GSPE treatment, diabetic rats showed decreased plasma glucose levels and insulin resistance. The efficacious effect of GSPE was manifested by the amelioration of muscular damage and dysfunction, as observed by histological examination and periodic acid Schiff staining. Concurrently, calcium overload and the abnormal activities of antioxidant enzymes and ATPases in diabetic muscles were partially reversed by GSPE treatment. GSPE also increased the activity of protein kinase B (a mediator of insulin's metabolic action) and partially alleviated severe ER stress. These findings suggest that GSPE may have auxiliary therapeutic potential for type 2 diabetes mellitus by decreasing oxidative stress and ER stress in skeletal muscle.     

响应面法优化甘蔗菠萝复合型果酒的酿造工艺

以甘蔗和菠萝为原料制作复合型果酒,以感官评价为考察指标,在单因素试验的基础上,通过响应面法优化甘蔗菠萝复合型果酒的酿造工艺。结果表明,甘蔗菠萝复合型果酒的最佳酿造工艺为：甘蔗汁与菠萝汁配比1∶2（V/V）、白砂糖添加量225 g/L、发酵时间7 d、酵母接种量100 g/L、发酵温度26 ℃。在此优化条件下,甘蔗菠萝复合型果酒色泽金黄,澄清透明,感官评分为96.5分,酒精度为10.84%vol,pH值为4.13,糖度为10 °Bx,浊度值为57.9 JTU,细菌总数为75个/mL,其品质指标均符合国家相关标准。     

大豆蛋白水解液脱苦的研究

大豆蛋白酶解常常会产生苦味,蛋白质水解物苦味肽的苦味是长期困扰其应用的问题。本文研究了酶法与微生物法对大豆蛋白水解液脱苦的效果。结果表明:采用端肽酶黑曲霉酸性蛋白酶(3000u/g)与内切酶枯草杆菌碱性蛋白酶(Alcalase 2.4L)协同作用水解大豆蛋白可有效降低水解液苦味,并且由酿酒酵母对水解液进一步处理后,大豆蛋白水解液的苦味降至更低。     

树脂软模板修饰铁掺杂g-C3N4光催化剂的制备及性能

采用一步熔融法,将三聚氰胺甲醛树脂MF与铁元素一同掺杂到纳米g-C₃N₄上,成功获得树脂软模板修饰铁掺杂g-C₃N₄新型复合光催化剂g-C₃N₄/MF/Fe。采用X射线多晶衍射分析(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外漫反射光谱(UV-vis)等多种手段对掺杂前后的复合光催化剂进行了表征。以罗丹明B为染料模型,研究了复合催化剂的染料降解性能。结果表明,将MF树脂与铁元素一同掺杂到g-C₃N₄上,复合光催化剂对罗丹明B有优异的降解能力,40 min可以实现染料完全降解,催化剂的禁带宽度由2.63 eV降低至1.43 eV。     

朝鲜蓟副产物超微粉强化茶饮料的功能性成分研究

以抹茶奶茶为对照,添加15％的朝鲜蓟茎叶副产物超微粉开发营养强化奶茶,并分析其功能性成分组成及含量.采用高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱技术(HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS)和气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分别对奶茶中的功能多酚和萜类化合物进行定性与定量分析.结果表明,添加朝鲜蓟茎叶副产物超微粉后,显著增加了奶茶中...     

Fundamentals of electrosorption on activated carbon for wastewater treatment of industrial effluents

The potential of electroadsorption/desorption on activated carbon for waste water treatment of industrial effluents is studied. Adsorption isotherms of hydrophobic differently charged model substances on activated carbon were measured in order to obtain specific information about the influence of the charge (+1,–1 and 0) on the adsorbability of comparable, aromatic species and the influence of the bed potential on the adsorption equilibria. In all these cases the adsorption equilibria show a dependence on applied potential in electrolyte of approximately 1m ionic strength. With electrosorption from aqueous solution, a fivefold enhancement of the concentration in one potential controlled adsorption/desorption cycle is achievable. The use of the solvent methanol instead of water for desorption allows for a concentration enhancement by a factor of hundred in the desorptive step. The adsorption capacity of the activated carbon changes only slightly with cycle number. Two cell designs for the performance of potential controlled adsorption/desorption cycles on the large scale are discussed.     

Impact toughened blends of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer,polyethylene, and ethylene-propylene copolymer

Impact-toughened, compatibilized binary blends of styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymer/amine functionalized ethylene-propylene (amine-EP) polymer and ternary blends consisting of SMA/amine-EP/high density polyethylene (HDPE) are described. In both blends 0.02 to 4 μm range rubbery inclusions, which toughen the SMA matrix, are formed. SMA sub-inclusions exist in the amine-EP phase. In the ternary blend substantially all of the polyethylene is embedded in the EP phase. Compatibilization of the SMA and the commingled polyolefin phase is promoted by a graft copolymer formed by the reaction of amine groups on the EP with the maleic anhydride groups on the SMA. We describe the morphology, rheology, aging characteristics and impact properties of these blends. SMA modification by SMA-g-(amine-EP) polymers formed in situ in the melt, with HDPE, has not been previously reported.     

结合生态学思想的城市绿色住区建设

为实现人居环境的可持续发展,各行业纷纷针对这一全球性的发展战略进行理论与实践研究.绿色住区是城市建设和发展的最新方向,是以生态(自然和人文)系统的良性循环为基本原则,以司持续发展为目标,建立在自然资源和人文资源最和谐的基础之上,运用生态学基本规律,结合多学科现代科技成就,根据城市环境和资源状况,以低投入经济为基础,以绿色技术为支撑,以生态平衡为特点,能够满足现代生活需求,优化组合住区的功能结构,形成高效、和谐、自养自净、无废无污、生活舒适、文脉延续的新型住区,实现生态、经济、社会三者同步协调发展的人类理想居住模式.