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991.
Zhe Xu Yirui Wang Sheng Li Yanting Liu Yuki Todo Shangce Gao 《IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering》2016,11(Z1):S142-S154
This paper describes an artificial immune algorithm (IA) combined with estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA), named IA‐EDA, for the traveling salesman problem (TSP). Two components are incorporated in IA‐EDA to further improve the performance of the conventional IA. First, aiming to strengthen the information exchange during different solutions, two kinds of EDAs involving univariate marginal distribution algorithm and population‐based incremental learning are altered based on the permutation representation of TSP. It is expected that new promising candidate solutions can be sampled from the constructed probabilistic model of EDA. Second, a heuristic refinement local search operator is proposed to repair the infeasible solutions sampled by EDA. Therefore, IA‐EDA can alleviate the deficiencies of the conventional IA and can find better solutions for TSP by well balancing the exploitation and exploration of the search. Experiments are conducted based on a number of benchmark instances with size up to 100 000 cities. Simulation results show that IA‐EDA is effective for improving the performance of the conventional IA and can produce better or competitive solutions than other hybrid algorithms. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
992.
Haruya Minda Tomoya Makino Norio Tsuda Yuki Kaneko 《IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering》2016,11(5):624-632
A low‐cost laser disdrometer (LLD), which is a type of high‐speed line‐image scanner, has been developed and calibrated for raindrops. The disdrometer measures hydrometeor's particle‐size distribution (PSD) and fall velocities, as well as record hydrometeor images. Hydrometeor imaging is advantageous for hydrometeor classification. All hydrometeor types, raindrops, graupels, snowflakes, and ice crystals, can mix with snowfall. Snowfall sensing requires a wide sensing light sheet to capture large‐sized snowflakes. Accordingly, a new LLD equipped with a 35‐mm sensing light sheet has been developed. This paper demonstrates and evaluates the new drisdrometer's snowfall‐evaluation performance. The wide sensing light sheet captures images of large‐sized (14 mm) snowflakes reasonably well, and the PSD and the fall velocities correlate with those measured with the commercially available Parsivel laser disdrometer. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
993.
Satoshi Hayakawa Yoshitake Masuda Keigo Okamoto Yuki Shirosaki Kazumi Kato Akiyoshi Osaka 《Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine》2014,25(2):375-381
A recently developed “GRAPE® technology” provides titanium or titanium alloy implants with spontaneous apatite-forming ability in vitro, which requires properly designed gaps and optimum heat treatment in air. In this study, titanium alloy and commercially pure (cp) titanium substrates were thermally oxidized in air before aligning pairs of specimens in the GRAPE® set-up, i.e., titanium alloy and cp titanium substrates were aligned parallel to each other with optimum gap width (spatial design). A liquid phase deposition (LPD) technique was employed for titania coatings on titanium alloy substrate. Then, they were soaked in Kokubo’s simulated body fluid (SBF, pH 7.4, 36.5 °C) for 7 days to confirm the in vitro apatite formation on the substrates under the specific spatial design. Anatase-type titania coatings fabricated by using LPD technique led to the deposition of apatite particles within 7 days and showed apatite X-ray diffraction. On the other hand, thermally oxidized titanium alloy substrate in air and non-treated specimens did not show any apatite X-ray diffraction. These results indicated that the heterogeneous nucleation of apatite induced on anatase-type titania coating prepared by LPD technique when it was aligned parallel to thermally oxidized cp titanium substrate with optimum gap width. 相似文献
994.
Yoritsugu Ito Yuki Kohno Nobuhumi Nakamura Hiroyuki Ohno 《International journal of molecular sciences》2013,14(9):18350-18361
We designed phosphonium-type zwitterion (ZI) to control the saturated water content of separated ionic liquid (IL) phase in the hydrophobic IL/water biphasic systems. The saturated water content of separated IL phase, 1-butyl-3-methyimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, was considerably improved from 0.4 wt% to 62.8 wt% by adding N,N,N-tripentyl-4-sulfonyl-1-butanephosphonium-type ZI (P555C4S). In addition, the maximum water content decreased from 62.8 wt% to 34.1 wt% by increasing KH2PO4/K2HPO4 salt content in upper aqueous phosphate buffer phase. Horse heart cytochrome c (cyt.c) was dissolved selectively in IL phase by improving the water content of IL phase, and spectroscopic analysis revealed that the dissolved cyt.c retained its higher ordered structure. Furthermore, cyt. c dissolved in IL phase was re-extracted again from IL phase to aqueous phase by increasing the concentration of inorganic salts of the buffer solution. 相似文献
995.
Shizuka Hirai Taku Uemura Noriko Mizoguchi Joo‐Young Lee Keiko Taketani Yuki Nakano Shohei Hoshino Nobuaki Tsuge Toshihiko Narukami Rina Yu Nobuyuki Takahashi Teruo Kawada 《Molecular nutrition & food research》2010,54(6):797-804
Obese adipose tissues are characterized by the enhanced infiltration of macrophages. It is considered that the paracrine loop involving monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and the free fatty acid between adipocytes and macrophages establishes a vicious cycle that aggravates inflammatory changes and insulin resistance in obese adipose tissues. Diosgenin, a saponin aglycon found in a variety of plants, has anti‐inflammatory properties. In the present study, we examined the effect of diosgenin on the inflammatory changes in the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages. A coculture of 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and RAW 264 macrophages markedly enhanced the production of tumor necrosis factor‐α, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, and nitric oxide compared with the sum of their single cultures; however, treatment with diosgenin inhibited the production of these proinflammatory mediators. Diosgenin also suppressed the inflammation in RAW 264 macrophages that was induced by the conditioned medium derived from 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, diosgenin inhibited the conditioned medium‐induced degradation of inhibitor κB and the phosphorylation of c‐jun N‐terminal kinase in macrophages. These results indicate that diosgenin exhibits anti‐inflammatory properties in the interaction of adipocytes and macrophages by inhibiting the inflammatory signals in macrophages. Diosgenin may be useful for ameliorating the inflammatory changes in obese adipose tissues. 相似文献
996.
To understand the origins of synchronous and asynchronous phase slippages observed in an array of apertures connecting two
reservoirs of superfluid 4He, we have investigated the role of thermal fluctuations in the critical velocity and the possible effects of having an array
rather than a single aperture through several model simulations. The results are compared with recent experiments carried
out near the superfluid transition temperature with an array of apertures as well as those carried out at low temperatures
with a single aperture. 相似文献
997.
Toyoda E. Matsumoto M. Handa T. Miyata Y. Miyajima Y. Ichino T. 《Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, IEEE Transactions on》2005,12(1):175-182
Insulation failure in telecommunications cables after extended use in aerial terminal closures has been examined. Extensive cracking and sea salt deposition were observed on the polyethylene (PE) insulation of wires in a terminal closure recovered from the field after 27 years of service. The insulation failure mechanism appears to be the formation, by bulk water condensation with deposited sea salt dissolution on degraded PE insulation, of ionically conductive pathways among the PE insulation cracks. An experiment using wires with PE insulation that was deliberately cut to simulate cracking showed that controlling the humidity within the terminal closure is an efficient way to prevent insulation failure. A field experiment showed that placing a polymer that absorbs moisture when the humidity is high and releases it when the humidity is low in the closure effectively buffered changes in humidity, thus preventing water condensation. Another experiment using wires with deliberately cut insulation in a terminal closure with 100% RH and with the water-absorbent polymer placed inside showed that the resistance of the wires stayed at around 108 Omega without fluctuation. Since the absorbent polymer continues to function for many years, this proposed prevention method is well suited for practical application 相似文献
998.
A mobile robot must move without unacceptable rapid motion. To address this issue, we propose a preview controller using the time‐based spline approach. With this approach, it is also important to plan an adequate trajectory. Here an approach to trajectory planning which has the trajectory determination strategy via a virtual manipulator is proposed. Numerical and experimental results are shown to confirm the proposed algorithm. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 151(4): 65–71, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10349 相似文献
999.
1000.
Heat pulse propagation in the solid 4He has been studied between 40 and 500 mK. Response to heat pulses are detected by a titanium film superconducting transition
edge bolometer. Crossover behavior from second sound in normal solid above 500 mK to ballistic propagation below 200 mK is
observed. Detailed study is made to search for possible modification of this propagation behavior by the appearance of supersolidity.
It is found, that the ballistic phonon propagation velocity remains constant, within 0.3% scatter of data, below 100 mK at
all pressures measured between 25 and 56 bar. The temporal evolution of the detected pulse shape has not revealed any anomaly
below 200 mK. 相似文献