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161.
相IT和数码领域对而言,打印机市场已经发展得比较成熟,一个成熟的市场在一定程度上辐射出其竞争的激烈,打印机市场便是如此.  相似文献   
162.
用于安全稳定控制的高压直流极闭锁判据   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
交直流并联运行电网中直流极闭锁后引起的安全稳定问题十分突出,如何正确判别直流极闭锁是安全稳定控制系统研究中的重要课题。采用数值仿真方法分析了直流极闭锁对电力系统稳定的影响,指出稳定控制装置必须正确、快速地判出不同形式的直流极闭锁。通过研究直流极闭锁的电气量特征以及直流控制保护系统的动作行为,提出了可靠的直流极闭锁综合判据,并进行了详细的阐述。通过介绍中国南方交直流混联电网安全稳定控制系统核心部分———高肇直流输电安全稳定控制系统,进一步论述了研究直流极闭锁判据及直流极闭锁后稳定控制的重要性。  相似文献   
163.
BACKGROUND: Thermodynamics and kinetics data are both important to explain the extraction property. In order to develop a novel separation technology superior to current extraction systems, many promising extractants have been developed including calixarene carboxylic acids. The extraction thermodynamics behavior of calix[4]arene carboxylic acids has been reported extensively. In this study, the mass transfer kinetics of neodymium(III) and the interfacial behavior of calix[4]arene carboxylic acid were investigated. RESULTS: The rate constant (Kao) becomes constant when the stirring speed was controlled between 250 rpm and 400 rpm. The activation energy (Ea) was calculated to be 21·41 kJ mol?1 or 88·17 kJ mol?1 (dependent on temperature) from the slope of log Kao against 1000/T. The linear relationship between the specific area and the extraction rate is the characteristic of an interfacial reaction control. The minimum bulk concentration of the extractant necessary to saturate the interface (Cmin) is lower than 4·19 × 10?4 mol L?1. CONCLUSION: The effect of stirring speed, temperature, and species concentration on the extraction rate demonstrates that the extraction regime depends on the extraction conditions. The chemical reaction control governs the extraction regime at temperatures below 303 K and a mixed control regime occurs when the temperature is between 303 K and 318 K. The probable locale for the chemical reaction is at the liquid–liquid interface and the rate equation is deduced to be: ? d[Nd3+](a)/dt = kf[Nd3+](a)[H4A](o)0·727[H+](a)?0·978. The rate‐controlling step was suggested by the analysis of the experimental results. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   
164.
This paper investigates the issues of QoS routing in CDMA/TDMA ad hoc networks. Since the available bandwidth is very limited in ad hoc networks, a QoS request between two nodes will be blocked if there does not exist a path that can meet the QoS requirements, even though there is enough free bandwidth in the whole system. In this paper, we propose a new scheme of using multiple paths between two nodes as the route for a QoS call. The aggregate bandwidth of the multiple paths can meet the bandwidth requirement of the call and the delays of these paths are within the required bound of the call. We also propose three strategies by which to choose a set of paths as the route, namely, shortest path first (SPF), largest bandwidth first (LBF), and largest hop‐bandwidth first (LHBF). Extensive simulations have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the three strategies in comparison with a traditional single path routing algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed multiple paths routing scheme significantly reduces the system blocking rates in various network environments, especially when the network load is heavy. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
165.
液体酚型抗氧剂的制备及性能评定   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
何晓瑛 《石化技术》2003,10(3):7-10
以2,6-二叔丁基苯酚和丙烯酸酯为主要原料制备出一种液体酚型抗氧剂新产品羟基苯基丙酸酯化合物(LA0)。对制备的LAO的结构、组成及理化性能特别是抗氧化性能进行了分析评定。结果表明:LAO具有油溶性好、使用方便、特别是高温抗氧化能力强等优点,质量达到国外同类优质产品水平,并具有良好的环保性。  相似文献   
166.
Interfacial-initiated polymerization of styrene (St) was carried out in inversed emulsion with cumene hydroperoxide (CHPO) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO4)/disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (NaEDTA)/sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate (SFS) as the redox initiation system. The water-soluble Fe2+-NaEDTA-SFS acted as the reducing component and the oil-soluble CHPO as the oxidant component of the redox initiation system. Therefore, the primary radicals were produced mainly at the oil/water interface to initiate the polymerization of St. Thus, sub-micrometer hollow polystyrene (PSt) spheres were obtained by one-stage polymerization, which was supported by the techniques of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM).  相似文献   
167.
《钢结构工程施工质量验收规范》修订简介   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
何乔生 《钢结构》2003,18(6):62-64
简要介绍《钢结构工程施工质量验收规范》(GB 5 0 2 0 5 - 2 0 0 1)的修订原则、方法以及对原规范进行修订中新增加的内容及要求 ,并进行了详细解释 ,以便于对新规范的理解  相似文献   
168.
近十年来,天铁集团炼铁厂通过改善原燃料条件;优化炉料结构,提高入炉品位;采用提高炉顶压力、富氧喷煤、低硅冶炼、炉顶气象系统等多项先进技术,使高炉各项经济技术指标逐年提高。  相似文献   
169.
In this study, nanocrystalline Ni powders and thermally sprayed coatings, containing ultrafine AlN particles, were synthesized and characterized. The results indicated that the presence of AlN particles in the powders drastically decreased the dimension of agglomerates formed by cryomilling and increased the surface roughness of the agglomerates. The AlN phase was broken down into ultrafine particles of approximately 30 nm in size. These particles were dispersed in the Ni matrix and enhanced the development of a nanocrystalline structure in the Ni matrix during cryomilling. Selected-area diffraction patterns, obtained from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray mapping with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confirmed the presence of AlN particles in the coatings. The presence of AlN particles also led to an increase in the amount of NiO phase that was distributed in the coating, in the form of ultrafine, round particles. AlN particles increased the microhardness of the Ni coating by approximately 60 pct. Indentation-fracture results also indicated that the fine, dispersed AlN particles raised the apparent toughness of the Ni coating. The synthesized Ni coatings containing ultrafine AlN particles were characterized as equiaxed nanocrystalline grains with an average size of 24 nm, in which twins were observed. The increase in microhardness resulted from both grain refinement and the presence of ultrafine particles. The latter played the primary role in strengthening.  相似文献   
170.
We consider simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation for function minimization. The standard assumption for convergence is that the function be three times differentiable, although weaker assumptions have been used for special cases. However, all work that we are aware of at least requires differentiability. We relax the differentiability requirement and prove convergence using convex analysis.  相似文献   
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