Development and Commercial Application of a Novel Catalyst DVR—1 for Catalytic Cracking of Daqing Vacuum Residue

A newly developed catalyst type DVR-1 for catalytic cracking of Daqing vacuum resid was put into use in a commercial VRFCC unit,This catalyst features uniquely active matrix and modified ultra-stable zeolite.The commercial application results show that the DVR-1 type catalyst has the advantage of high heavy oil conversion,good metal tolerance nd gooed stability for catalyst regeneration,The FCC tests have shown Favorable product distribution,acceptable product quality and enormaous economic benefits whe processing the feedstock containin 75%-100% Daqing VR.     

Variations in Spectral Slope in Lake Taihu,a Large Subtropical Shallow Lake in China

Spectral slope (S), describing the exponential decrease of the absorption spectrum over a given wavelength range, is an important parameter in the study of of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) dynamics, and also an essential input parameter in remote sensing models. Furthermore, S is often used as a proxy for CDOM composition, including the ratio of fulvic to humic acids and molecular weight. The relative broad range in S values reported in the literature can be explained by the different spectral ranges and fitting methods used. A single exponential model is used to fit the S values for 17 investigations involving 458 samples in Lake Taihu from January to October in 2004. The average S value was 15.18 ± 1.39 μm⁻¹ for the range of 280–500 nm, which fell within the range reported in the literature. The frequency distribution of S value basically obeyed a normal distribution. Significant differences in S values between summer and other seasons showed that phytoplankton degradation was one of the important sources of CDOM in summer, whereas CDOM mainly came from the river input in other seasons. Furthermore, the estimated S value decreased with increasing wavelength range used in regression. The maximum and minimum values derived from the regression were 17.89 ± 1.25 μm⁻¹ and 13.62 ± 2.11 μm⁻¹ for the wavelength ranges of 280–380 nm and 400–500 nm, respectively, a decrease of 23.9%. S values significantly decreased with the increase of CDOM absorption coefficients. CDOM absorption coefficients could be more appropriately estimated from exponential model introducing the variation of S with absorption coefficients, making them useful for a remote sensing bio-optical model of Lake Taihu. DOC-specific absorption coefficient a*(λ) and the parameter M describing molecular size of the humic molecules could also be used as a proxy for the sources and types of CDOM. A general relationship was found between S and a*(λ), and M values. S increased with the decrease of DOC-specific absorption coefficient and the increase of M corresponding to the decrease of molecular weight.     

冶金厂房钢吊车梁设计中一些问题的探讨

对双层翼缘板焊接工型钢吊车梁的某些受力特征、吊车梁的支座节点连接构造设计等进行了较详尽的分析,提出了满足冶金工业厂房大跨度、大吨位吊车梁系统受力和工艺要求的方法.     

Use of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for Determination of a Simply Supported Rectangular Plane Plate Deformation

A measurement method has been developed to determine the full-field deformation of a simply supported plane plate under transverse load. The method utilizes strain information provided by a set of four fiber Bragg grating sensors mounted on the plate in a way that all sensors measure strains along one certain direction. The sensors were interrogated using a wavelength swept fiber laser. Utilizing the strain information and the first four terms of Navier solution of simply supported rectangular plate, the necessary parameters for determining the deflection could be computed. By substituting the values of x- and -y- coordinates of each position on the rectangle plate, the full-field deformation information can be obtained. Single-point loading tests were experimentally performed to verify the accuracy of the method.     

第七届中国国际橡胶技术展暨第一届亚洲埃森轮胎展系列报道二:橡胶机械系列报道三:橡胶检测设备

国内主要参展商 1.益阳橡机 益阳橡胶塑料机械集团有限公司在本次展会上,推出了一款GE-5实验室用密炼机,容积5升,啮合型转子,用于橡胶制品、白炭黑、特种胶的混炼.     

钢样成分化验分析结果网络传输系统的开发与应用

钢样成分化验分析结果网络传输系统将碳硫分析仪、光谱分析仪和相应的计算机控制系统按以太网络结构组联,形成"炉前分析网络",采用分析网主服务器系统软件和网络分析系统软件实现网络传输。该系统可将炉前钢样化验分析结果实时传输到炉前大屏,具有传输速度快、准确率高的特点,提高了工作效率和产品合格率,降低了生产成本。     

不同粒度松散煤体的氧扩散特性实验研究

以自行研制的煤对氧扩散特性测试装置为实验手段,在常温环境条件下测试了不同粒度松散煤体对氧的自由扩散特性.实验结果表明:煤样粒度的变化对取气腔氧浓度流出曲线的影响表现出2个极限值,煤样粒度在20～100目之间时,取气腔氧气浓度梯度随煤样粒度的增大而增大;当煤样粒度<20目或>100目时,煤样粒度的再变化对氧浓度流出曲线的影响则微乎其微;取气腔氧浓度曲线流形基本符合指数曲线的变化规律.     

安钢集团信息化实施策略探讨

近年来，为了更好地应对新的市场挑战，钢铁企业都在积极推进信息化建设，以实现管理提升、效益提升的目标。本文结合安钢集团的实际情况，对信息化实施策略进行初步的探讨，希望能对企业信息化建设有所借鉴。     

Novel algorithms for shared segment protection

The major challenges in designing survivable schemes are how to allocate a minimal amount of spare resources (e.g., bandwidth) using fast (e.g., polynomial-time) algorithms, and, in case a failure occurs, to be able to recover quickly from it. All existing approaches invariably make tradeoffs. We propose novel shared segment protection algorithms which make little or no compromise . We develop an elegant integer linear programming (ILP) model to determine an optimal set of segments to protect a given active path. Although the ILP approach is useful for a medium-size network, it is too time consuming for large networks. Accordingly, we also design a fast heuristic algorithm based on dynamic programming to obtain a near-optimal set of segments. Although the heuristic algorithm has a polynomial time complexity, it can achieve a bandwidth efficiency as high as some best-performing shared path protection schemes and, at the same time, much faster recovery than these shared path protection schemes. The proposed scheme is also applicable to a wide range of networking technologies, including Internet Protocol and wavelength-division multiplexing networks under the generalized multiprotocol label switched framework.     

Achieving fast and bandwidth-efficient shared-path protection

Dynamic provisioning of restorable bandwidth guaranteed paths is a challenge in the design of broad-band transport networks, especially next-generation optical networks. A common approach is called (failure-independent) path protection, whereby for every mission-critical active path to be established, a link (or node) disjoint backup path (BP) is also established. To optimize network resource utilization, shared path protection should be adopted, which often allows a new BP to share the bandwidth allocated to some existing BPs. However, it usually leads the backup paths to use too many links, with zero cost in term of additional backup bandwidth, along its route. It will violate the restoration time guarantee. In this paper, we propose novel integer linear programming (ILP) formulations by introducing two parameters (/spl epsi/ and /spl mu/) in both the sharing with complete information (SCI) scheme and the distributed partial information management (DPIM) scheme. Our results show that the proposed ILP formulations can not only improve the network resource utilization effectively, but also keep the BPs as short as possible.