某柴油机附件支架仿真优化与试验

利用ABAQUS与FEMFAT软件对柴油机附件支架进行结构应力、接触面滑移、结构模态以及高周疲劳分析.根据分析结果,对支架不满足限值项进行优化并再次仿真分析,直到满足设计要求.为验证仿真分析结果,对支架进行了柴油机台架试验,测试支架上各个测点的振动加速度.将支架上各个测点的振动加速度整理为X,Y,Z方向的colormap图进行了分析,试验结果表明,附件支架测试最大加速度为12.45 g低于仿真分析边界载荷15 g;模态一阶频率仿真分析结果为141 Hz,样件试验结果为130 Hz,误差为7.7％,测试结果进一步验证了仿真分析的可靠性.     

High-dose,intermediate-temperature neutron irradiation effects on silicon carbide composites with varied fiber/matrix interfaces

SiC/SiC composites are promising structural candidate materials for various nuclear applications over the wide temperature range of 300–1000 °C. Accordingly, irradiation tolerance over this wide temperature range needs to be understood to ensure the performance of these composites. In this study, neutron irradiation effects on dimensional stability and mechanical properties to high doses (11–44 dpa) at intermediate irradiation temperatures (?600 °C) were evaluated for Hi-Nicalon Type-S or Tyranno-SA3 fiber–reinforced SiC matrix composites produced by chemical vapor infiltration. The influence of various fiber/matrix interfaces, such as a 50–120 nm thick pyrolytic carbon (PyC) monolayer interphase and 70–130 nm thick PyC with a subsequent PyC (?20 nm)/SiC (?100 nm) multilayer, was evaluated and compared with the previous results for a thin-layer PyC (?20 nm)/SiC (?100 nm) multilayer interphase. Four-point flexural tests were conducted to evaluate post-irradiation strength, and SEM and TEM were used to investigate microstructure. Regardless of the fiber type, monolayer composites showed considerable reduction of flexural properties after irradiation to 11–12 dpa at 450–500 °C; and neither type showed the deterioration identified at the same dose level at higher temperatures (>750 °C) in a previous study. After further irradiation to 44 dpa at 590–640 °C, the degradation was enhanced compared with conventional multilayer composites with a PyC thickness of ?20 nm. Multilayer composites have shown comparatively good strength retention for irradiation to ?40 dpa, with moderate mechanical property degradation beginning at 70–100 dpa. Irradiation-induced debonding at the F/M interface was found to be the major cause of deterioration of various composites.     

Analysis of a coal-derived liquid using highpressure liquid chromatography and synchronous fluorescence spectrometry

Synchronous fluorescence spectra of model polycondensed aromatic hydrocarbon molecules were recorded and used to identify the number of condensed rings in the aromatic molecules. A coal-derived liquid from Yubarishinko coal was initially separated into fractions having different number of condensed aromatic rings, and each fraction was further divided into narrow fractions having different numbers of carbon atoms. These fractions were studied using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. Results indicate the potential usefulness of synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy as a method of analysis of complex mixtures as coal-derived liquids despite the limitation of the method that some molecules give only weak peaks. Several components in some fractions were identified by a combination of synchronous fluorescence spectra and conventional excitation and emission fluorescence spectra.     

The mathematical model for the formaldehyde emission from wood-based board in room

A mathematical model which describes the influence of various parameters on formaldehyde concentration in the atmosphere of a room containing wood-based boards was developed. The physical meanings and measuring methods of the parameters of the model are also discussed. Based on this model, two indices for commenting the formaldehyde emission process of wood-based boards are proposed, and inequality estimation for the formaldehyde content of wood-based boards at any moment and a time estimation which shows when the room satisfies the environment quality standard are also given.     

Serum concentration of 20K human growth hormone (20K hGH) measured by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Study Group of 20K hGH

Several GH isoforms have been identified in pituitary and serum, the most abundant of which is the 22K human GH (hGH) isoform. The 20K hGH isoform is produced by alternative splicing of GH messenger ribonucleic acid and comprises approximately 10% of all GH in the pituitary. The physiological role of 20K hGH remains to be determined, partly because of the lack of a simple and specific assay. We have established sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) specific to 20K and 22K hGH. To determine whether regulation of 20K hGH secretion is the same as that for 22K hGH, we measured serum concentrations of both species of hGH in normal subjects and patients with a variety of endocrine disorders. The serum levels of 20K hGH after overnight fasting was 118 +/- 178 pg/mL (n = 282) in normal women, significantly higher than that in normal men (64 +/- 170 pg/mL; n = 226). However, there was no difference in the proportion of 20K hGH to 20K plus 22K hGH between men (6.3 +/- 2.6%, mean +/- SD; n = 176) and women (6.3 +/- 2.1%; n = 263). No correlation was detected between the ratio of 20K hGH and age, body height, body weight, or body fat mass in normal subjects. The proportion of 20K hGH was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in patients with active acromegaly (9.2 +/- 2.2%; n = 33) and patients with anorexia nervosa (9.0 +/- 1.9; n = 8), both of which are characterized by chronic elevation of circulating GH levels. The proportion of 20K hGH in successfully treated acromegalic patients did not differ from that in normal subjects, suggesting that GH-producing pituitary tumors secrete a higher proportion of 20K hGH, or that a chronic excess of 22K hGH alters the MCR of 20K hGH. The values in patients with adult GH deficiency, hyperthyroidism, primary hypothyroidism, or GH-independent short stature did not differ from those in normal subjects. The 20K ratio did not change after acute GH provocative tests, such as the insulin tolerance test and the GHRH test. These results suggest that secretion of 20K hGH from the pituitary is under the same control as that of 22K hGH. This new assay may provide a tool for understanding the physiological or pathophysiological role of the 20K hGH isoform.     

大庆常压塔顶汽油脱砷脱氯工艺技术的研究

为解决抚顺石化公司石油三厂连续重整装置原料短缺的问题,根据实际的工况条件,在小型试验装置上详细研究了大庆常压塔顶汽油脱砷脱氯工艺技术的可行性,并对几种脱砷脱氯工艺方案进行了论证。试验结果表明,通过对现有脱氯反应器的改造,采用脱砷－脱氯联合工艺技术,可将大庆常压塔顶汽油中的砷从１０００ｎｇ／ｇ以上脱除至１０ｎｇ／ｇ以下,氯从５μｇ／ｇ以上脱除至０．５μｇ／ｇ以下,循环气中的ＨＣｌ小于１μｇ／ｇ,完全满足连续重整装置工况的要求。对脱砷－加氢－脱氯汽油中碱金属和碱土金属的测定结果表明,不存在催化剂的金属流失问题。预计该工艺可为企业带来直接经济效益５６０万元／ａ。     

Environmental Effects on Microstructural Stability of SiC/SiC Composites

LowZmaterialshavemanyadvantagesinnuclearenvirOInnellts,suchaslessProductionofradioactivewastesduetosubstantiallylowactivation,andhigherconVergentefficiencyduetothecapabilityofhightemp~OPeration.HopkinhasdiscussedSiC-basedmaterialsforfhaionreactorsfor...     

Spin doping of individual molecules by using single-atom manipulation

Being able to control the spin of magnetic molecules at the single-molecule level will make it possible to develop new spin-based nanotechnologies. Gate-field effects and electron and photon excitations have been used to achieve spin switching in molecules. Here, we show that atomic doping of molecules can be used to change the molecular spin. Furthermore, a scanning tunneling microscope was used to place or remove the atomic dopant on the molecule, allowing us to change the molecular spin in a controlled way. Bis(phthalocyaninato)yttrium (YPc(2)) molecules deposited on an Au (111) surface keep their spin-1/2 magnetic moment due to the small molecule-substrate interaction. However, when Cs atoms were carefully placed onto YPc(2) molecules, the spin of the molecule vanished as shown by our conductance measurements and corroborated by the results of density functional theory calculations.     

Banded structure and its distribution in friction stir processing of 316L austenitic stainless steel

Banded structures, which vary with welding parameters, were observed in friction stir processing of 316L austenite stainless steel. Sigma phase precipitation was detected in banded structures by transmission electron microscopy. The amount of banded structure had direct ratio relations with heat input. The higher the heat input, the larger the area of banded structures. This is attributable to slower cooling rate at high heat input, which results in longer exposure to the temperature range for precipitation. The formation of sigma phase produced Cr depletion, which resulted in largely degraded corrosion resistance. The present study suggests that low heat input (i.e. low rotation speeds, low working loads and high welding speed) contributes to restrain sigma phase precipitation.     

Lipoglycoprotein of Gelatin

Abstract

Solvent extracts were compared with the parent gelatins by means of TLC and HPLC. The photographic effects of the various protein fractions are discussed.