钟摆目标的微多普勒特征分析与提取

针对室内雷达目标的分类和识别问题,建立了室内钟摆目标的微动数学模型和回波模型,分析了室内钟摆运动产生的微多普勒特征.通过仿真钟摆目标的雷达回波,采用平滑伪Winger-Ville时频分析方法,提取了钟摆目标的微多普勒特征.结果表明:室内钟摆运动产生的微多普勒特征是周期为1/2钟摆周期的正弦调制.从仿真回波中提取的微多普勒特征与理论推导一致,验证了模型及理论分析的正确性.     

基于支持向量机的高速公路事件检测算法研究

高速公路事件检测是交通信息工程及控制学科中的一项重要研究课题,以高速公路交通流的特点为研究对象,提出了一种基于支持向量机(SVM)的高速公路事件检测算法.根据支持向量机的基本原理,分别设计了基于线性不可分SVM、齐次多项式核函数、高斯径向基核函数、双曲线正切核函数等不同核函数的事件检测算法.仿真结果表明:针对不同的交通流状况,选择合适的SVM模型和核函数,得到的检测结果与经典的加利福尼亚算法相比,检测效率高,性能指标好,具有较高的实际应用价值.     

计及衰减直流分量的基频电压半周期检测

衰减直流(DDC)分量、高次谐波等干扰信号的存在,使得对电网畸变信号中基频分量的幅值、相位检测存在一定误差,其中DDC分量的时间常数通常超过45 ms,持续时间较长.为此,文中首先针对畸变信号中DDC分量提出一种半周期四点采样检测算法,缩短了DDC分量的检测响应时间.其次,针对同时含有DDC分量与高次谐波的畸变信号,提出将畸变信号进行半周期积分后,在dq坐标系下将上述DDC分量检测算法与高次谐波检测算法进行组合,在工频半周期中可同时滤除干扰信号的影响,准确检测到畸变信号中的基频分量.最后,搭建了MATLAB/Simulink半实物实时仿真模型,从检测精度、响应时间等方面验证了所提算法的有效性.     

Electrodeposition preparation of Nafion-Pt-HxMoO3 and its activity toward methanol oxidation

A composite catalyst Nafion-Pt-HxMoO3 was prepared on a glassy carbon by cyclic voltammetry methods in sulfuric acid solution containing Na2MoO4, H2PtCl6 and Naton, and its activity for the methanol oxidation was studied with Pt-HxMoO3 as comparison. It is found that the electrocatalytic activity and the stability of Pt-HxMoO3 are improved by the Nation. The activity of Pt-HxMoO3 reaches its maximum when the content of Nation in the preparation solution is 0.012%（mass fraction）. In this case the oxidation peak current of methanol on Nation-Pt-HxMoO3 is 1.76 times larger than that on Pt-HxMoO3 and keeps unchanged when the potential is set at 0.3 V （vs Hg-Hg2SO4） for 5 000 s in 1 mol/LCH3OH＋0.5 mol/L U2SO4 solution. The results from energy dispersive spectroscopy show that the content of Nation in the composite is 0.57%. The results from scanning electron spectroscopy show that the composite of Nafion-Pt-HxMoO has a gain size of about 90 nm and distributes more uniformly than Pt-HxMoO3.     

超音速喷涂技术在再制造中的应用

根据空气动力学和火箭发动机原理，研制了超音速电弧喷涂和多功能超音速火焰喷涂技术，可制备性能优异的耐蚀、耐磨、导电、绝缘涂层。超音速喷涂技术应用于机械零部件的再制造，可显著提高其性能和使用寿命，符合优质、高效、节能、节材、环保的要求，可达到修旧利废的目的，产生良好的经济效益。超音速电弧喷涂可制备金属、合金及基于管状丝材的复合涂层，涂层均匀致密，孔隙率低，结合强度高，在长效防腐、耐磨强化方面有广泛的应用。多功能超音速火焰喷涂技术同时具备HVOF和HVAF的功能，实现了焰流速度和温度大范围内的连续可调，能满足多种材料的喷涂要求，特别是其制备的碳化物陶瓷涂层，综合机械力学性能和耐磨耐蚀性能好，在机械零部件表面强化领域应用广泛。     

Effect of heat treatment on thermal stability of Ti40 alloy

Five new heat treatment processes were designed, which were divided into three groups by their characteristics. The microstructures and mechanical properties of the alloy after the five heat treatments and thermal exposure at 500, 550℃ for 100 h were tested. The results indicate that a little differences exist in the performance of mechanical properties at room-temperature after the five heat treatments, and the thermal stability is the key factor for determining heat treatment process. Among the three groups of heat treatment processes, the best thermal stability is achieved after the first group of heat treatment. After annealing treatment at intermediate temperature, some defects and uneven grain boundaries are remained, which leads to the reduction fractions of precipitations on unit grain boundary and the harmful effect of precipitations on grain boundary is weakened. The process of annealing at 650 ℃for 4 h is recommended the best heat treatment process for Ti40 alloy.     

喷射成形中金属液滴凝固过程的计算机模拟

在群体动力学方法的基础上，提出了描述合金雾化液滴凝固过程动力学的数学模型，并将其与液滴的传热方程和运动方程相耦合，对A1—4．5％Cu(质量分数)合金液滴的冷却凝固过程进行了分析．结果表明，液滴冷却至一定温度时开始形核，随后晶粒长大；在形核过程中，晶粒尺寸分布区间较宽，形核后晶粒尺寸分布区间逐渐减小；液滴直径越小，冷却速度越快，晶粒数量密度越大，凝固结束时晶粒越细小．     

微观组织对中碳微合金非调质钢疲劳性能的影响

用旋转弯曲疲劳试验研究了不同微观组织的中碳微合金非调质钢38MnVS的疲劳性能,并与调质处理的40Cr钢进行对比.结果表明,高温正火态38MnVS钢(38-N)具有粗大的贝氏体组织,疲劳性能最差;高温退火态(38-A)和热轧态(38-R)38MnVS钢具有粗大的网状铁素体,其疲劳性能亦较差;热锻态(38-F)具有细小均匀的微观组织和低的铁素体/珠光体硬度比,具有优于调质态40Cr钢的优异疲劳性能.因此,控制锻轧后微合金非调质钢38MnVS的微观组织可提高其疲劳性能.     

自动扫查爬壁机器人结构及控制系统研究

针对检测在役化工容器筒壁对接环焊的危害性缺陷，设计了一种基于超声串列法扫查法的新型爬壁机器人，着重介绍其机械结构及控制系统。这种机器人采用磁轮吸附和轮式行走，利用磁带导航，光纤传感器检测，具有结构紧凑，导航性能好，控制精度高等特点，有广泛的应用前景。     

Effect of second phase precipitation behavior on mechanical properties of casting Al-Cu alloys

The effect of the second phase precipitation behavior on the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of the modified casting Al-Cu alloys was investigated. The tensile strength of the alloys increases firstly and then decreases due to the appearance of θ＇ precipitation phases, which increases firstly and then become coarser with the aging time increasing from 10 h to 20 h at 155 ℃. The strength of the alloys reaches the peak, resulting from ,Ω and θ＇ precipitation phases, and decreases due to ,Ω phases becoming coarser and θ＇ precipitation decreasing with the aging time increasing from 10 h to 20 h at 165 ℃. ,θ phase becoming coarser and θ＇ precipitation decreasing result in the strength of the alloys drastically decreasing after aging at 175 ℃ for 20 h. The ductility remains high level with increasing aging time at 155 ℃. The ductility irregularly changes as aging time prolongs at 165 ℃. The ductility is very low and at the same time gradually decreases with increasing aging time at 175 ℃. The Al-Cu alloy with a promising combination of tensile strength and ductility of about 474 MPa and 12.0% after aging at 165℃ for 10 h is due to a dense, uniform distribution of,Ω precipitation phases together with a heterogeneous distribution of θ＇ precipitations.