Grafting of maleic anhydride onto polyethylene through a green chemistry approach

The grafting of a polymer can lead to the improvement and modification of the polymer and thus expand its applications. Grafting methods include solution grafting in organic solvents, melt grafting at high temperatures, and light grafting with radioactive sources. These methods have their advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantages include waste treatment, consumption of energy, and so on. In this study, a hydrothermal process which is called the green approach, was developed to prepare graft copolymers. The effect of various factors on the grafting degree was investigated in detail. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

DH-2催化剂在尿素装置脱氢反应器的应用

简要介绍了塔西南化肥厂尿素原料气脱氢系统工艺,改用国产DH-2催化剂对系统进行的改进及实际应用情况.对国产催化剂应用前后的工艺情况--脱氢效果、反应器压差及床温进行了分析、评价,认为:用该催化剂取代进口催化剂是成功的,完全能满足工艺要求.     

智能数显仪在生产中的应用

利用智能数显仪的万能输入、变送输出和控制输出功能,不仅可以实现加热站采暖温度根据大气温度自动调节的方案,而且通过改进可以实现硝酸透平压缩机轴位移联锁控制和应用于制作栲胶溶液槽上的液面计.     

种分Δα_k与精液Al_2O_3浓度的关系

对烧结法和拜尔法种分槽的Δαk 变化进行了概述 ,阐述了精液Al2 O3 浓度关系到晶种分解的产出率、分解率、氢氧化铝粒度及系统的液量平衡、能耗等 ,生产中要把握这些影响因素 ,确保氢氧化铝晶体的长大速度为正值。     

江苏复杂断块高含水单元改善水驱效果的技术对策

在分析高含水开发单元特点的基础上,针对该阶段剩余油的品位、分布和油水关系极为复杂、挖潜难度大的技术难点,提出了适合江苏复杂断块油田高含水开发单元改善水驱开发效果的思路和工作程序、技术对策,并在真武油田高含水开发单元进行了实际应用,取得了良好的效果.     

90平米开启住宅新时代

大力发展90平米以下中小套型住宅，不仅具有重大的现实意义，而且将对我国住宅建设的发展产生深远的影响。[编者按]     

Studies of substrate specificities of lipases from different sources

Although lipases are widely applied in a wide variety of reactions, available information on the factors that are responsible for the substrate specificities of lipases from different sources is scarce. In this paper, nine lipase‐producing microorganism strains were isolated from oil‐containing samples. The properties of these enzymes, including pH optima, temperature optima, thermal stability, and pH stability, vary significantly with the different sources from which these lipases were isolated. The substrate specificities of the nine lipases, including fatty acid and positional specificities, were also studied. The fatty acid specificities of the nine lipases were observably different toward 15 substrates with different carbon chain lengths, different saturation degrees and different side chains. The lipases from S₃ Penicillium citrinum (PCL), MJ₁ Aspergillus niger (ANL), MJ₂ Aspergillus oryzae (AOL), YM Bacillus coughing (BCL), S₉ Geotrichum candidum (GCL), and S₁₁ Candida lypolytica (CLL) showed the strongest specificities to short‐chain esters, and the other lipases showed strong selectivity for medium‐ or long‐chain and branched esters. The positional specificities were examined by analyzing the hydrolytic products of triolein catalyzed by the nine lipases, using TLC. The lipases can be mainly classified into two groups by their specificities for the ester bond at position 2 of triglycerides; one group can selectively hydrolyze the ester bond at position 2 of the triglycerides, the other group cannot. All these nine lipases were divided into four groups by hierarchical clustering analysis on the basis of the results of fatty acid and positional specificities.