Online Privacy Concerns and Privacy Management: A Meta-Analytical Review

This meta-analysis investigates privacy concerns and literacy as predictors of use of online services and social network sites (SNSs), sharing information, and adoption of privacy protective measures. A total of 166 studies from 34 countries (n = 75,269) were included in the analysis. In line with the premise of privacy paradox, privacy concerns did not predict SNS use. However, users concerned about privacy were less likely to use online services and share information and were more likely to utilize privacy protective measures. Except for information sharing, the relationships were comparable for intentions and behavior. Analyses also confirm the role that privacy literacy plays in enhancing use of privacy protective measures. The findings can be generalized across gender, cultural orientation, and national legal systems.     

Optical dispersion and dielectric properties of rubrene organic semiconductor thin film

Rubrene thin film has been fabricated on a glass substrate by spin-coating at 300 K. The optical dispersion and dielectric properties of the film have been determined from the analysis of transmittance and reflectance measurements at normal incident of light between 200 and 700 nm. The optical transmittance of the film was estimated as of 80–85 % in the visible range. Optical absorption characteristics show that the absorption mechanism is due to the indirect transition. The transport and onset optical energy gaps were determined as 2.93 and 2.31 eV, respectively. Single term Sellmeier dispersion relation and Wemple–DiDomenico single oscillator model were used to determine the optical dispersion parameters. Several dispersion parameters such as lattice dielectric constant, optical dielectric constant at higher frequency, dispersion energy, oscillator energy, the ratio of carrier concentration to the effective mass, the average oscillator wavelength, and average oscillator strength were determined by analysis of refractive index dispersion. The loss factor, the electric modulus, the optical conductivity, the volume and surface energy loss functions, and the relaxation time were also evaluated from the optical dielectric constants analysis.     

Effect of heat and transglutaminase on solubility of goat milk protein‐based films

The effect of heat, transglutaminase and combination of heat and transglutaminase treatments on the solubility of films prepared from goat milk casein, goat milk whey proteins and whole goat milk proteins was investigated. Goat milk casein films were less soluble when treated with transglutaminase and combination of heat with transglutaminase compare with heat‐treated caseins alone. Heat treatment was more effective at decreasing the solubility of whey protein films. SDS‐PAGE patterns demonstrated that goat milk caseins were better cross‐linked by transglutaminase, whereas whey proteins were better cross‐linked by heat. The extent of cross‐linking was further enhanced when a combination of heat and transglutaminase was used.     

Hemostatic activities of nano/microporous bilayer dressings in a femoral artery bleeding rat model

Recently, an effective hemostatic dressing requirement has become a major problem in both the military and civilian world. Available hemostatic agents are too expensive, ineffective, unsafe, or complicated to use. Here, we evaluated the hemostatic efficacy of a nano/micro bilayer hemostatic dressing including a porous sublayer from chitosan (CTS) and bacterial cellulose (BC) and a nanofibrillar upper layer from silk fibroin (SF). In addition, several active agents rolled in coagulation cascade [vitamin K (Vit K), protamine sulfate (PS), kaolin (Kao), etc.] were doped to the sublayer of bilayer hemostatic agent and their activities were compared via in vivo and in vitro tests. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity test results demonstrated that BC/CTS, SF‐coated BC/CTS, and Vit K K/BC/CTS, SF/phosphatidylcholine (PC)‐coated BC/CTS showed higher LDH activity compared to standard gauze (p < 0.005). In a femoral artery bleeding rat model, SF‐coated PS/BC/CTS significantly reduced bleeding time (80 ± 0.3 s) compared to standard gauze and kaolin‐doped group (p < 0.005). Blood loss and mortality rate with 2.3 g and 37.5% SF‐coated BC/CTS and SF‐coated PS/BC/CTS showed increased efficacy in achieving hemostasis compared to standard gauze. All the prepared hemostatic dressings except for kaolin‐doped BC/CTS and standard gauze induced no inflammatory reaction in the tissue. All these data suggest that active agent‐doped BC/CTS/SF‐based bilayer hemostatic dressings have a great influence on the resulting hemostatic action. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43657.     

Hydrolysis of hexose pentaacetate esters in rat pancreatic islets

The pentaacetate esters of selected hexoses were recently found to stimulate insulin release. The kinetics of their hydrolysis was now investigated in both rat pancreatic islet homogenates and intact islets. In islet homogenates, the hydrolysis of alpha-d-glucose pentaacetate, as judged from the measurement of acetate production, displayed a pH optimum of 7.4 and a Km for the ester of 0.95 mM. At pH 7.4, the reaction velocity was about 5 times higher than the rate of alpha-d-glucose pentaacetate hydrolysis by intact islets, as judged from the ester-induced increase in the acetate content of both the islet and surrounding incubation medium. Comparable results were obtained in intact islets exposed to either beta-l-glucose pentaacetate or beta-d-galactose pentaacetate. The ester content of the islets after 120 min incubation was close to 0.1 nmol/islet, yielding an apparent intracellular concentration at least one order of magnitude higher than the extracellular concentration (1.7 mM). These findings indicate that hexose esters that either stimulate insulin release or fail to do so are equally well taken up and hydrolyzed by islet cells. They are compatible, therefore, with the view that the insulinotropic action of some of these esters may be favored by the catabolism of their hexose moiety, although some other mechanisms for stimulation of insulin release must be operative in the case of beta-l-glucose pentaacetate.     

Sturge-Weber syndrome: a patient with a cervical port-wine nevus

An unusual case with Sturge-Weber syndrome is reported. A computed tomography study revealed the presence of gyriform calcifications in the occipital lobe, and discovered a hidden occipital subcutaneous port-wine nevus, instead of the usually expected nevus in the distribution of the first division of the trigeminal nerve. Existence of an occipital port-wine nevus, which was in the distribution of the greater occipital nerve, suggested a variation with respect to the embryogenesis of the Sturge-Weber syndrome.     

Attribute Prototype Network for Any-Shot Learning

International Journal of Computer Vision - Any-shot image classification allows to recognize novel classes with only a few or even zero samples. For the task of zero-shot learning, visual...