Effect of cooking temperature on texture and flavour binding of braised sauce porcine skin

To investigate the effect of cooking temperature (55, 65, 75, 85 and 95 °C) on texture and flavour binding of braised sauce porcine skin (BSPS), sensory acceptance, microstructure and flavour-binding capacity were investigated during the processing of BSPS. Samples cooked at 85 and 95 °C showed better texture and aroma scores. Hardness and chewiness of BSPS were obviously improved at 85 and 95 °C than control group. Collagen structure was significantly destroyed over 85 °C. The porcine skin collagen heated at 85 and 95 °C showed relatively higher flavour-binding capacity than other samples. The improvement of texture of BSPS was mainly attributed to the degradation of collagen. Higher aroma scores of BSPS were related to intense binding abilities with aroma compounds at 85 and 95 °C. Cooking at 85 or 95 °C could be an optimal cooking temperature for BSPS.     

食源性生物活性肽调控胃肠激素分泌研究进展

胃肠激素是肠内分泌细胞(EECs)分泌的一大类多肽和胺类物质,在机体食欲调控、胃肠运动、消化酶分泌、血压和血糖控制等诸多方面发挥重要作用。胃肠激素的分泌受膳食因素调控,而食源性生物活性肽(FBPs)是调控胃肠激素分泌的重要膳食因子之一。本文综述近年来FBPs调控胃肠激素分泌的作用机制及研究进展,并对未来研究方向进行展望,以期为FBPs在调控胃肠激素分泌及促进机体健康方面的研究和应用提供参考。     

根霉发酵L-乳酸

本文报道了选育一株产L-乳酸的根霉JSMI-R73,对该菌的性能及影响产酸的条件进行了研究,并进行了500升罐的扩大试验。当口服葡萄糖浓度为10％时产酸70g/l以上,13％时产酸101g/l,其中L-乳酸稳定在85％以上,最高达98％。该菌能适应玉米作培养基,当玉米浓度为12％时产酸70g/l以上,20％时产酸105g/l以上,其中L-乳酸在88％以上,最高可达99％,达到了与葡萄糖相似的发酵水平,这是较有实用意义的结果。     

Core/Shell ZnO/ZnS Nanoparticle Electron Transport Layers Enable Efficient All-Solution-Processed Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes

Solution-processed perovskite-based light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are promising candidates for low-cost, large-area displays, while severe deterioration of the perovskite light-emitting layer occurs during deposition of electron transport layers from solution in an issue. Herein, core/shell ZnO/ZnS nanoparticles as a solution-processed electron transport layer in PeLED based on quasi-2D PEA₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1 (PEA = phenylethylammonium) perovskite are employed. The deposition of ZnS shell mitigates trap states on ZnO core by anchoring sulfur to oxygen vacancies, and at the same time removes residual hydroxyl groups, which helps to suppress the interfacial trap-assisted non-radiative recombination and the deprotonation reaction between the perovskite layer and ZnO. The core/shell ZnO/ZnS nanoparticles show comparably high electron mobility to pristine ZnO nanoparticles, combined with the reduced energy barrier between the electron transport layer and the perovskite layer, improving the charge injection balance in PeLEDs. As a result, the optimized PeLEDs employing core/shell ZnO/ZnS nanoparticles as a solution-processed electron transport layer exhibit high peak luminance reaching 32 400 cd m⁻², external quantum efficiency of 10.3%, and 20-fold extended longevity as compared to the devices utilizing ZnO nanoparticles, which represents one of the highest overall performances for solution-processed PeLEDs.     

Ultra-Low Pt Doping and Pt–Ni Pair Sites in Amorphous/Crystalline Interfacial Electrocatalyst Enable Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution

Noble metal doping can achieve an increase in mass activity (MA) without sacrificing catalysis efficiency and stability, so that alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance of the catalyst can be optimized to the maximum degree. However, its excessively large ionic radius makes it difficult to achieve either interstitial doping or substitutional doping under mild conditions. Herein, a hierarchical nanostructured electrocatalyst with enriched amorphous/crystalline interfaces for high-efficiency alkaline HER is reported, which is composed of amorphous/crystalline (Co, Ni)₁₁(HPO₃)₈(OH)₆ homogeneous hierarchical structure with an ultra-low doped Pt (Pt-a/c-NiHPi). Benefiting from the structural flexibility of the amorphous component, extremely low Pt (0.21 wt.%, totally 3.31 µg Pt on 1 cm⁻² NF) are stably doped on it via a simple two-phase hydrothermal method. The DFT calculations show that due to the strongly electron transfer between the crystalline/amorphous components at the interfaces, electrons finally concentrate toward Pt and Ni in the amorphous components, thus the electrocatalyst has near-optimal energy barriers and adsorption energy for H₂O^* and H^*. With the above benefits, the obtained catalyst exhibits an exceptionally high MA (39.1 mA µg⁻¹_Pt) at 70 mV, which is almost the highest level among the reported Pt-based electrocatalysts for alkaline HER.     

PZT纳米晶的改进型溶胶-凝胶法制备及其生长过程研究

以乙二醇为溶剂,硝酸锆为锆源,采用改进的溶胶-凝胶法,通过优化工艺参数制备了纳米Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3(PZT).通过对工艺条件研究, 揭示了体系的凝胶化可通过升高温度和增加pH值来实现.通过对溶胶的红外光谱分析给出了溶胶、凝胶形成的机理.通过TG-DTA、XRD、SEM、TEM等手段对从凝胶到PZT纳米晶的生长过程及性能进行了表征.实验证明,改进后工艺简单易行,溶胶稳定,干凝胶在650℃热处理2h,获得较完整的钙钛矿型PZT,粒径约为50～100nm.     

一种分析碳酸盐岩孔隙系统数字图像的新方法

碳酸盐岩的孔隙类型多，孔径变化范围大，孔隙系统结构复杂，研究难度大。长期以来，是利用光学显微镜法、毛细管压力分析法、岩石孔隙系统复制法和图像分析仪法等方法或其中几种方法配合来研究碳酸盐岩孔隙系统。随着计算机图像技术的迅速发展和日益完善，借助该项技术通过碳酸盐岩孔隙系统数字图像来研究碳酸盐岩孔隙系统已经成为现实。文章提出一种研究碳酸盐岩孔隙系统数字图像的新方法。通过样品光薄片的光学显微镜（OM）数字图像和环境扫描电子显微镜（ESEM）数字图像二值化识别孔隙；构造孔隙度、孔隙贡献率和孔隙形状参数的计算公式用于数字图像分析，得到孔隙大小分布和孔隙形状分布。在此基础上，总结碳酸盐岩孔隙参数对其渗透率的控制作用。与传统的孔隙系统研究方法相比，该方法与计算机图像技术紧密结合，具有定量、快速的明显优势。     

精密光学零件加工技术的新进展

本文综述近十年来精密及特种光学零件光学制造领域出现的新工艺、新技术及其新型工艺装备的概况,反映了国外的最新进展与水平,同时也评述国内的现状。     

光通信网物理层全光异或加解密技术研究

针对目前光通信保密系统中基于电信号处理的流密码加解密技术的局限性,提出基于全光信号处理的加解密技术;对几种典型的全光异或加密方案进行了研究,介绍了各自的工作原理、特点及研究进展;利用OptiSystem软件搭建了基于SOA-MZI(半导体光放大器-马赫-曾德干涉仪)异或门的全光加解密系统仿真模型,并基于HNLF(高非线性光纤)的自相位调制效应设计了一个优化结构对系统进行优化。研究表明:全光加解密技术具有优良的特性,能使整个光通信保密系统运算速率更高,传输更安全。     

紫外激光FPC切割软件的研究与开发

搭建了紫外激光FPC(Flexible Printed Circuit)切割系统软件的整体框架结构.该切割软件突出之处在于采用振镜和工作台联合协调加工;切割过程中激光依靠受计算机控制的两个振镜实现激光的高速扫描;通过可补偿聚焦误差的聚焦镜将光束聚焦到工件表面,实现高速切割,充分发挥紫外激光的"冷"加工特性.软件通过Gerber文件获取切割路径,然后对切割路径网格化,每一个网格为一个加工单元,加上单元的大小由振镜幅面大小控制,通过移动工作台依次逐块进行加工从而完成整张FPC的切割加工.由于振镜自身的畸变误差(如枕型和桶形畸变等)以及加工过程中网格块的变换,使得如何处理好各种误差补偿是软件发开的关键技术之一;FPC生产工艺复杂,所用的材料容易产生变形;而且不同的部位由于材料不同造成变形不均匀,极大的影响切割精度,软件通过摄像机获取板材上的定位点,通过该定位点与基于射影变换的定位方法完成自动定位与变形校正.最后在Visual C++6.0环境下开发了上述所有功能模块.实践结果表明本软件系统切割速度快,定位精度高;满足了当前FPC切割加工所需要的主要功能,软件操作简单,界面良好,具有较大的应用价值.