非晶硅顶电池中的n型掺杂层对非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池性能的影响

采用超高频等离子增强化学气相沉积(VHF-PECVD)技术,逐次高速沉积非品硅顶电池及微晶硅底电池,形成pin/pin型非晶硅/微晶硅叠层电池.通常顶电池的n层与底电池的P层均采用微晶硅材料来形成隧穿复合结,然而该叠层电池的光谱响应测试结果表明,顶电池存在着明显的漏电现象.针对该问题作者提出,在顶电池的微品硅n层中引入非晶硅n保护层的方法.实验结果表明,非晶硅n层的引入有效地改善了顶电池漏电的现象;在非晶硅n层的厚度为6nm时,顶电池的漏电现象消失,叠层电池的开路电压由原来的1.27提高到1.33V,填允因子由60%提高剑63%.     

一种用于900MHz射频识别(RFID)读写器芯片的1.8VCMOS直接变频接收机

设计了针对解决900MHz RFID读写器收发机芯片中本地载波干扰问题而优化的直接变频接收机,并在0.18μm 1P6M混合信号CMOS工艺上实现验证.设计中使用了一种串联反馈结构的基带放大器以达到同时实现无源混频器输出缓冲,直流消除以及信号放大的功能.实际测量显示,该接收机的输入1dB压缩点为-4dBm,当中频信号解调信噪比要求为10dB时,可达到的灵敏度为-70dBm.该接收机与整个收发机集成在同一块芯片中,使用1.8V电源电压,工作时静态电流为90mA.     

校园CPU卡密钥管理系统的设计与实现

文章研究了密钥管理系统在校园一卡通系统中的应用模式。首先以CPU卡技术和密码算法技术为基础,提出了一卡通系统的密钥管理系统的解决方案;然后针对系统的实现,描述了密钥分散的设计和实现过程;最后对系统中使用的算法进行了描述。密钥管理系统保证了高强度的校园一卡通系统的安全性。     

CO2激光联合不同方法使用干扰素治疗尖锐湿疣疗效观察

目的观察CO 2激光联合不同方法使用干扰素治疗尖锐湿疣疗效.方法140患者随机分为四组，给予不同治疗，比较四组的复发率.结果A,B,C和D组的复发率分别是37.1%, 18.92%,9.4%和16.67%.两两比较有显著性差异.(P<0.05)结论CO 2激光联合重组人a-2b干扰素皮损内封闭能显著降低尖锐湿疣的复发.     

Kinetically Accelerating Elementary Steps via Bridged Ru-H State for the Hydrogen-Evolution in Anion-Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer

Designing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts for facilitating its sluggish adsorption kinetics is crucial in generating green hydrogen via sustainable water electrolysis. Herein, a high-performance ultra-low Ruthenium (Ru) catalyst is developed consisting of atomically-layered Ru nanoclusters with adjacent single Ru sites, which executs a bridging-Ru-H activation strategy to kinetically accelerate the HER elementary steps. Owing to its optimal electronic structure and unique adsorption configuration, the hybrid Ru catalyst simultaneously displayed a drastically reduced overpotential of 16 mV at 10 mA cm⁻² as well as a low Tafel slope of 35.2 mV dec⁻¹ in alkaline electrolyte. When further coupled with a commercial IrO₂ anode catalyst, the ensembled anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzer achievs a current density of 1.0 A cm⁻² at a voltage of only 1.70 V_cell. In situ spectroscopic analysis verified that Ru single atom and atomically-layered Ru nanoclusters in the hybrid materials play a critical role in facilitating water dissociation and weakening *H adsorption, respectively. Theoretical calculations further elucidate the underlaying mechanism, suggesting that the dissociated proton at the single atom Ru site orients itself adjacently with Ru nanoclusters in a bridged structure through targeted charge transfer, thus promoting Volmer-Heyrovsky dynamics and boosting the HER activity.     

Fine-Tuning Alkyl Chains on Quinoxaline Nonfullerene Acceptors Enables High-Efficiency Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Optimizing Molecular Stacking and Reducing Energy Loss

Material design of guest acceptor is always a big challenge for improving the efficiency of ternary organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, a pair of isomeric nonfullerene acceptors based on quinoxaline core, Qx–p-C₇H₈O and Qx–m-C₇H₈O, is designed and synthesized. By moving the alkoxy chain attached on side phenyl from meta-position to para-position, both π–π stacking distance and crystallinity are enhanced simultaneously. They obtain the uplifted lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level. Compared to Qx–m-C₇H₈O, Qx–p-C₇H₈O exhibits wider absorption spectrum and higher extinction coefficient. Using D18-Cl:N3 as host materials, the addition of guest acceptor Qx–p-C₇H₈O significantly improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 17.61% to 18.49% because of higher open-circuit voltage (0.875 V) and short-circuit current density (27.85 mA cm⁻²). This can be attributed to the faster exciton dissociation, more balanced carrier mobility, fine fiber morphology, and lower energy loss in the ternary devices. However, Qx–m-C₇H₈O-based ternary device achieves relatively low PCE of 17.17% because this device shows extremely low electron mobility. The results indicate that molecular stacking, film morphology, etc., can be effectively modulated by fine-tuning the side chains of guest materials, which may be an effective design rule for further improving the PCE of OSCs.     

基于不同地形的低空安全突防曲面处理算法

低空突防能力问题是无人飞行器(UAV)飞行安全的核心问题之一。针对不同地形的低空安全突防曲面问题,提出一种处理算法。该算法首先将安全走廊的概念融入到飞行曲面设计中,将三维航迹划分为水平航迹和垂直航迹规划,考虑飞行器的最小离地高度等因素,设计出平滑安全的飞行曲面,提高了飞行器突破"台风眼"区域的安全性。然后根据不同地形的特征,利用聚类算法对其进行分类,再采用二维三次卷积算法,提出基于不同地形的低空突防安全曲面设计方法。仿真结果表明,该算法能够快速实现低空安全突防的需求,降低飞行代价。     

一种计入互耦的线阵方向图综合方法

本文在前人的基础上,继续对天线阵的综合技术进行了研究,充分利用了经典综合技术成熟、简便的优点以及数值算法快捷、方便等特点,提出了一种简便的天线阵综合方法。具体思想是:首先采用现有的综合算法在不考虑互耦的情况下对天线进行综合,然后再利用本文的算法补偿互耦所造成的影响,从而完成综合。     

Optimum block-adaptive learning algorithm for errorback-propagation networks

An optimum block-adaptive learning rate (OBALR) backpropagation (BP) algorithm for training feedforward neural networks with an arbitrary number of neuron layers is described. The algorithm uses block-smoothed gradient as direction for descent and no momentum term, but produces an optimum block-adaptive learning rate which is constant within each block and is updated adaptively at the beginning of each block iteration so that it is kept optimum in a sense of minimizing the approximate output mean-square error of the block. Several computer simulations were tested on learning a deterministic chaos time-series mapping. The OBALR BP algorithm not only overcame the difficulty in choosing good values of the two parameters, but also provided significant improvement on learning speed and descent capability over the standard BP algorithm