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991.
992.
Functional modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) by copolymerizing with a hydrophobic cationic double alkyl‐substituted monomer
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In this paper, a hydrophobic monomer (HM) that has a cationic double alkyl‐substituted group bonded to the nitrogen atom was first synthesized. Then a hydrophobic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was prepared by a radical solution copolymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) with the HM followed by an alcoholysis reaction in alkaline conditions. The structures of HM and hydrophobically modified PVA (H‐PVA) were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The effect of hydrophobic cationic segments on crystallization behaviors, mechanical properties, morphology, solution viscosity, and hydrophobic property were investigated. The results indicated that the crystallinity decreased from 37.2% of pure PVA to the minimum 23.2% of H‐PVA with the incorporation of 1.15 mol % HM. The thermal decomposition temperature of H‐PVA increased by about 50 °C compared with that of pure PVA. The viscosity of the H‐PVA solution was several times higher than that of the corresponding unmodified PVA solution over the whole shear rate range, which demonstrated that the H‐PVA had good shear‐resistance ability. Furthermore, the contact angle was significantly increased from 55.1° to 115° with the incorporation of only 0.83% HM, which illustrated that the H‐PVA had high hydrophobicity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43888. 相似文献
993.
Preparation of high toughness and high transparency polylactide blends resin based on multiarmed polycaprolactone‐block‐poly(l‐lactide)
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Xinchao Bian Bao Zhang Bin Sun Zhiqiang Sun Sheng Xiang Gao Li Xuesi Chen 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2016,56(10):1125-1137
Modification of poly(l ‐lactide) (PLLA) via blending with two or more polymers is one of the effective approaches used to overcome the brittleness of PLLA, which often requires the addition of a compatibilizer and generate opaque materials. To solve this problem, multiarmed polycaprolactone‐block‐PLLA (PCL‐b‐PLLA) was synthesized by consecutive ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone and l ‐lactide using multihydroxyl alcohols as initiator. The structure and composition was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography. PLLA/multiarmed PCL‐b‐PLLA blends with various blend ratios were prepared via melt mixing. The presence of multiarmed PCL‐b‐PLLA (30%) in the PLLA matrix exhibited more than 80 times improvement in the elongation at break, as compared to unmodified PLLA. The addition of multiarmed PCL‐b‐PLLA in the PLLA contributed to the enhancement of the storage modulus in the low frequency, which was related to the entanglement of the PLLA and multiarmed PCL‐b‐PLLA. The blend interface had no obvious phase separation, and showed good adhesion between dispersed block copolymer phases within the continuous PLLA phase. The compatibilization mechanism and toughing mechanism were proposed. The resulting PLLA blends also showed good transparency. The current research opened a new route available to prepare transparent PLA‐based resin with enhanced properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 56:1125–1137, 2016. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
994.
磺酸盐作为降粘剂具有抗温、抗盐的优良特性。筛选合适的降粘剂和磺酸盐基液进行复配是对磺酸盐下游产品的回收利用,具有变废为宝的实用价值,为磺酸盐基液的开发利用开辟了新的途径。测定降粘率的条件经探究确定为:油/水质量比为7∶3,原油乳化时间为1小时,搅拌速率为200 r/s,搅拌时间为2 min。筛选出的表活剂AES和AEO在0.05%和0.5%时与磺酸盐基液达到最佳复配效果,降粘率达到99%左右。经室内驱油物理模拟实验得到最佳的降粘剂配方:磺酸盐(10%)+AES(0.04%)混合驱提高采收率为5.23%。 相似文献
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