行动学习理论下的高职青年教师教学能力提升路径研究

行动学习理论是以实际的工作任务或问题为导向, 以完成任务或解决问题为主线, 以个人能力为基础, 通 过在实际工作过程中对固有知识的质疑与反思, 以及团队支撑和同伴支持, 来提升自身的能力与水平。青 年教师是高职院校教师队伍的主力军, 其教学能力的高低对学校教学的影响较大, 需要学校给予更多的关 注。因此, 学院要根据青年教师的教学能力、专业背景、个人意愿, 以行动学习理论为指导, 以制度引领 为基础, 以专业支撑为核心, 以平台搭建为载体, 以自我提升为关键, 探寻提升高职青年教师教学能力的 路径与方法。     

Laminated Modulation of Tricritical Ferroelectrics Exhibiting Highly Enhanced Dielectric Permittivity and Temperature Stability

Ferroelectric materials with large dielectric response and high temperature‐stability have found significant applications in advanced electronics and electrical power/storage equipment. The effective approaches explored up to now mainly focus on improving dielectric response by employing the phase instability caused by the ferroelectric transition. Nevertheless, one inherent shortcoming is that the enhancement of dielectric permittivity is at the expense of the deterioration of its temperature stability. Here, a strategy that successfully achieves both enhanced dielectric response as well as excellent temperature reliability (with ε_r ≈ 2 × 10⁴ from 30 to 85 °C) by designing a laminated structure of tricritical ferroelectrics (LTF) with successive Curie temperatures is proposed. Moreover, the improvement in dielectric performance triggers the temperature‐stable energy‐storage performance as well as electrocaloric property in LTF specimens. Further microstructure investigation and phase‐field modeling reveal that these remarkable properties of laminated layers originate from the successive occurrence of tricritical transition with a nanodomain structure in a wide temperature range. The findings may shed a new light on developing advanced ferroelectrics with high performance and thermal reliability.     

Transcatheter Self‐Powered Ultrasensitive Endocardial Pressure Sensor

Changes in endocardial pressure (EP) have important clinical significance for heart failure patients with impaired cardiac function. As a vital parameter for evaluating cardiac function, EP is commonly monitored by invasive and expensive cardiac catheterization, which is not feasible for long‐term and continuous data collection. In this work, a miniaturized, flexible, and self‐powered endocardial pressure sensor (SEPS) based on triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which is integrated with a surgical catheter for minimally invasive implantation, is reported. In a porcine model, SEPS is implanted into the left ventricle and the left atrium. The SEPS has a good response both in low‐ and high‐pressure environments. The SEPS achieves the ultrasensitivity, real‐time monitoring, and mechanical stability in vivo. An excellent linearity (R ² = 0.997) with a sensitivity of 1.195 mV mmHg^?1 is obtained. Furthermore, cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation and ventricular premature contraction can also be detected by SEPS. The device may promote the development of miniature implantable medical sensors for monitoring and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.     

Humidity‐Resistive Triboelectric Nanogenerator Fabricated Using Metal Organic Framework Composite

With its light weight, low cost, and high efficiency, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is considered a sustainable and renewable energy source for self‐powered or mobile electronics. However, the performance of TENG is seriously affected by humid environment. Here, for the first time, TENG with improved performance under high humidity is obtained by adding HKUST‐1 (Cu₃(BTC)₂, (BTC = 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylate or trimesate)) to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. At 10% relative humidity (RH), an effective power (3.17 mW) of the composite TENG based on 5 wt% HKUST‐1 is obtained at a load resistance of 10 MΩ, which is 13 times higher than that of the TENG based on pure PDMS. More importantly, the performance of composite TENG remains constant or becomes higher even under high humidity, while that of conventional TENG dramatically decreases at the same condition. The excellent humidity‐resistive performance comes from the remarkably enhanced electron‐trapping capacity and dielectric constant due to the absorption of HKUST‐1 to water molecules. This work not only demonstrates that a metal organic framework is an effective filler to improve the performance of TENG but also provides a novel strategy to obtain high output properties under highly humid environments by increasing the electron‐trapping capacity and dielectric constant.     

Tribotronics for Active Mechanosensation and Self‐Powered Microsystems

Tribotronics has attracted great attention as a new research field that encompasses the control and tuning of semiconductor transport by triboelectricity. Here, tribotronics is reviewed in terms of active mechanosensation and human–machine interfacing. As a fundamental unit, contact electrification field‐effect transistors are analyzed, in which the triboelectric potential can be used to control electrical transport in semiconductors. Several tribotronic functional devices have been developed for active control and information sensing, which has demonstrated triboelectricity‐controlled electronics and established active mechanosensation for the external environment. In addition, the universal triboelectric power management strategy and the triboelectric nanogenerator‐based constant sources are also reviewed, in which triboelectricity can be managed by electronics in the reverse action. With the implantation of triboelectric power management modules, the harvested triboelectricity by various kinds of human kinetic and environmental mechanical energy can be effectively managed as a power supply for self‐powered microsystems. In terms of the research prospects for interactions between triboelectricity and semiconductors, tribotronics is expected to demonstrate significant impact and potential applications in micro‐electro‐mechanical systems/nano‐electro‐mechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), flexible electronics, robotics, wireless sensor network, and Internet of Things.     

MEMS微针的最新研究进展

介绍了MEMS微针技术在微针制备工艺、力学和流体性能模拟以及透皮给药方面研究的近况。描述了硅、金属和聚合物材料的微针制备工艺,分析了这些材料在MEMS微针应用上的优缺点。比如硅微针制备工艺成熟但是硅的质地太脆;金属微针机械强度高却不易载药;聚合物微针易于批量化复制但是机械强度差。进一步阐述了微针研究取得的进展,总结了微针技术发展需要解决的关键问题。微针制备工艺已经日趋成熟,微针将朝着可复制化、批量化方向发展,微针经皮给药将逐渐从动物实验转移到人体实验,以实现微针研究的最终目的——临床给药。     

TD-SCDMA直放站GPS同步及实现方法

本文通过对TD—SCDMA系统帧结构的分析，探讨了TD—SCDMA系统中直放站的时序同步及采用GPS实现时序同步的方法。     

Surface Defect Engineering in 2D Nanomaterials for Photocatalysis

2D Nanomaterials, with unique structural and electronic features, have shown enormous potential toward photocatalysis fields. However, the photocatalytic behavior of pristine 2D photocatalysts are still unsatisfactory, and far below the requirements of practical applications. In this regard, surface defect engineering can serve as an effective means to tune photoelectric parameters of 2D photocatalysts through tailoring the local surface microstructure, electronic structure, and carrier concentration. In this review, recent progress in the design of surface defects with the classified anion vacancy, cation vacancy, vacancy associates, pits, distortions, and disorder on 2D photocatalysts to boost the photocatalytic performance is summarized. The strategies for controlling defects formation and technique to distinguish various surface defects are presented. The crucial roles of surface defects for photocatalysis performance optimization are proposed and advancement of defective 2D photocatalysts toward versatile applications such as water oxidation, hydrogen production, CO₂ reduction, nitrogen fixation, organic synthesis, and pollutants removal are discussed. Surface defect modulated 2D photocatalysts thus represent a powerful configuration for further development toward photocatalysis.     

Heteroepitaxial Patterned Growth of Vertically Aligned and Periodically Distributed ZnO Nanowires on GaN Using Laser Interference Ablation

A simple two‐step method of fabricating vertically aligned and periodically distributed ZnO nanowires on gallium nitride (GaN) substrates is described. The method combines laser interference ablation (LIA) and low temperature hydrothermal decomposition. The ZnO nanowires grow heteroepitaxially on unablated regions of GaN over areas spanning 1 cm², with a high degree of control over size, orientation, uniformity, and periodicity. High resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy are utilized to study the structural characteristics of the LIA‐patterned GaN substrate in detail. These studies reveal the possible mechanism for the preferential, site‐selective growth of the ZnO nanowires. The method demonstrates high application potential for wafer‐scale integration into sensor arrays, piezoelectric devices, and optoelectronic devices.     

Efficient Assembly of Bridged β‐Ga2O3 Nanowires for Solar‐Blind Photodetection

An increasing number of applications using ultraviolet radiation have renewed interest in ultraviolet photodetector research. Particularly, solar‐blind photodetectors sensitive to only deep UV (<280 nm), have attracted growing attention because of their wide applicability. Among recent advances in UV detection, nanowire (NW)‐based photodetectors seem promising, however, none of the reported devices possesses the required attributes for practical solar‐blind photodetection, namely, an efficient fabrication process, a high solar light rejection ratio, a low photocurrent noise, and a fast response. Herein, the assembly of β‐Ga₂O₃ NWs into high‐performance solar‐blind photodetectors by use of an efficient bridging method is reported. The device is made in a single‐step chemical vapor deposition process and has a high 250‐to‐280‐nm rejection ratio (～2 × 10³), low photocurrent fluctuation (<3%), and a fast decay time (<<20 ms). Further, variations in the synthesis parameters of the NWs induce drastic changes in the photoresponse properties, which suggest a possibility for tuning the performance of the photodetectors. The efficient fabrication method and high performance of the bridged β‐Ga₂O₃ NW photodetectors make them highly suitable for solar‐blind photodetection.