全文获取类型
收费全文 | 108372篇 |
免费 | 2875篇 |
国内免费 | 1269篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 2114篇 |
技术理论 | 2篇 |
综合类 | 3664篇 |
化学工业 | 15801篇 |
金属工艺 | 6066篇 |
机械仪表 | 4326篇 |
建筑科学 | 4014篇 |
矿业工程 | 1154篇 |
能源动力 | 1980篇 |
轻工业 | 5243篇 |
水利工程 | 1604篇 |
石油天然气 | 1699篇 |
武器工业 | 124篇 |
无线电 | 12276篇 |
一般工业技术 | 19372篇 |
冶金工业 | 4044篇 |
原子能技术 | 574篇 |
自动化技术 | 28459篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 86篇 |
2023年 | 417篇 |
2022年 | 710篇 |
2021年 | 1047篇 |
2020年 | 734篇 |
2019年 | 688篇 |
2018年 | 15033篇 |
2017年 | 14069篇 |
2016年 | 10639篇 |
2015年 | 1537篇 |
2014年 | 1477篇 |
2013年 | 1783篇 |
2012年 | 4692篇 |
2011年 | 11056篇 |
2010年 | 9624篇 |
2009年 | 6960篇 |
2008年 | 8076篇 |
2007年 | 8972篇 |
2006年 | 1465篇 |
2005年 | 2375篇 |
2004年 | 1961篇 |
2003年 | 1923篇 |
2002年 | 1293篇 |
2001年 | 642篇 |
2000年 | 698篇 |
1999年 | 659篇 |
1998年 | 622篇 |
1997年 | 489篇 |
1996年 | 491篇 |
1995年 | 353篇 |
1994年 | 292篇 |
1993年 | 199篇 |
1992年 | 185篇 |
1991年 | 139篇 |
1990年 | 92篇 |
1989年 | 72篇 |
1988年 | 97篇 |
1987年 | 48篇 |
1986年 | 44篇 |
1984年 | 33篇 |
1968年 | 45篇 |
1967年 | 34篇 |
1966年 | 44篇 |
1965年 | 49篇 |
1959年 | 35篇 |
1958年 | 39篇 |
1957年 | 36篇 |
1956年 | 34篇 |
1955年 | 63篇 |
1954年 | 68篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
A method for the time suboptimal control of an industrial manipulator from an initial position and orientation to a final
position and orientation as it moves along a specified path is proposed. Nonlinear system equations that describe the manipulator
motion are linearized at each time step along the path. A method which gives the control inputs (joint angular velocities)
for time suboptimal control of the manipulator is developed. In the formulation, joint angular velocity and acceleration limitations
are also taken into consideration. A six degree of freedom elbow type manipulator is used in numerical examples to verify
the method developed. 相似文献
112.
Bing Q. Han Farghalli A. Mohamed Enrique J. Lavernia 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2003,34(1):71-83
In the present study, the mechanical properties of Fe processed via severe plastic deformation (equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP)) at room temperature were investigated for the first time.
The grain size of annealed Fe, with an initial grain size of about 200 μm, was reduced drastically during ECAP. After eight passes, the grain size reaches 200 to 400 nm, as documented by means of
transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The value of microhardness during pressing increases 3 times over that of the starting
material after the first pass and increases slightly during subsequent pressing for higher-purity Fe. Examination of the value
of microhardness after eight passes as a function of post-ECAP annealing temperature shows a transition from recovery to recrystallization,
an observation that resembles the behavior reported for heavily deformed metals and alloys. The tensile and compression behaviors
were examined. In tension, a drop in the engineering stress-engineering strain curve beyond maximum load was observed both
in the annealed Fe and the ECAP Fe. This drop is related to the neck deformation. The fracture surface, examined by scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), shows vein patterns, which is different from the dimples found on the fracture surface of annealed
Fe. In compression, an initial strain-hardening region followed by a no-strain-hardening region was observed in the ECAP Fe.
The yield strength in tension of the ECAP Fe was observed to be higher than that in compression. The strengthening mechanisms
and softening behavior are discussed. 相似文献
113.
薄板坯连铸连轧工艺对铌微合金化高强度钢组织和性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
首先建立薄板坯连铸连轧工艺的试验室模拟技术,并运用该模拟技术,研究薄板坯连铸连轧工艺(CSP)和传统板坯再加热工艺(TRP)两种工艺对铌微合金化高强度钢的显微组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:CSP钢的晶粒细化效果不如TRP钢,两者的平均铁素体晶粒尺寸分别为8.17μm和6.30μm。在CSP试验钢板中铌的析出量较大,特别是在铁素体中细小颗粒的铌的析出物较多,沉淀强化效果较强。CSP试验钢的σ0.5和σb分别较TRP工艺低约40MPa和约25MPa,同时其低温冲击韧性较好,FATT温度较低。 相似文献
114.
Peter Su Adrian Gerlich Motomichi Yamamoto Thomas H. North 《Journal of Materials Science》2007,42(24):9954-9965
The formation of local melted films during friction stir spot welding of as-cast AZ91D and thixomolded AZ91 material is investigated.
The average temperatures close to the tip of the rotating pin vary from 438 to 454 °C during the dwell period in friction
stir spot welding. These measured temperature values are higher than the melting temperature of α-Mg + Mg17Al12 eutectic (437 °C). It is suggested that the temperature in the stir zone during the dwell period is determined by the relative
proportions of α-Mg and (α-Mg + Mg17Al12) eutectic material, which are incorporated during friction stir spot welding. Based on the stir zone temperature measurements
and a detailed examination of material located at the root of the pin thread it is suggested that material is moved downwards
via the pin thread and into the stir zone during the dwell period in friction stir spot welding. Evidence of local melted
film formation is observed in the stir zone of AZ91 spot welds. It is suggested that melted films are retained since their
dissolution rate is much slower in the high temperature stir zone than it is when melted films is formed in the stir zone
during Al 7075-T6 friction stir spot welding. The spontaneous melting temperature, solute diffusion rate and the thermodynamic
driving force for droplet dissolution are much higher during Al 7075-T6 friction stir spot welding. 相似文献
115.
Melissa Kurtz 《Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention》2007,7(3):175-178
Fuel system assemblies used on recreational watercraft failed after a short time in service in a seawater environment. Examination
of the assemblies revealed significant degradation of the polyacetal connectors of the wire subassemblies. Optical and microscopic
evaluations indicated the complete loss of connector material implying decomposition of the resin, along with mud-cracking
and a rough surface morphology signifying chemical attack. An elemental analysis performed on both an intact connector and
degraded connector suggested a potential chemical agent in the form of zinc chloride. At elevated temperatures, concentrated
zinc chloride solutions are known to decompose polyacetal resins. The source of the zinc chloride was established as corrosion
products that resulted during the dezincification of the internal brass connector through exposure to saltwater in the application. 相似文献
116.
Véronique Baroghel-Bouny Patrick Belin Matthias Maultzsch Dominique Henry 《Materials and Structures》2007,40(8):759-781
Within the framework of the evaluation and the prediction of chloride-induced corrosion risks, simple and rapid AgNO3 spray tests can be proposed for various issues. This paper forms the first part of a series. In this first part, the Maultzsch
procedure (spraying of 0.1-N AgNO3 solution + K2CrO4) as well as the procedure based on the use of a sole AgNO3 solution have been investigated on a broad range of concretes. These procedures have also been compared to the Collepardi
procedure (spraying of 0.1-N AgNO3 + fluoresceine). The feasibility of these colorimetric techniques on saturated specimens cast in laboratory, after non-steady-state
diffusion tests carried out in various conditions, is discussed. In addition, the results obtained from applying such spray
tests in field conditions on cores drilled out from various RC test specimens exposed to a marine environment (tidal zone)
and to a road and cold environment (freezing-thawing cycles and spraying of deicing salts) are presented. Colorimetric methods
have in particular been applied here to the assessment of the average chloride penetration depth and of its evolution versus
time (kinetics). Moreover, the detection threshold of these techniques has been investigated in various environments. The
possible sources of discrepancy on the results have been analysed. 相似文献
117.
Xiao-Ying Wang Jonathan M. Garibaldi Benjamin Bird Michael W. George 《Applied Intelligence》2007,27(3):237-248
Recently Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging has been used as a tool to detect the changes in cellular
composition that may reflect the onset of a disease. This approach has been investigated as a mean of monitoring the change
of the biochemical composition of cells and providing a diagnostic tool for various human cancers and other diseases. The
discrimination between different types of tissue based upon spectroscopic data is often achieved using various multivariate
clustering techniques. However, the number of clusters is a common unknown feature for the clustering methods, such as hierarchical
cluster analysis, k-means and fuzzy c-means. In this study, we apply a FCM based clustering algorithm to obtain the best number
of clusters as given by the minimum validity index value. This often results in an excessive number of clusters being created
due to the complexity of this biochemical system. A novel method to automatically merge clusters was developed to try to address
this problem. Three lymph node tissue sections were examined to evaluate our new method. These results showed that this approach
can merge the clusters which have similar biochemistry. Consequently, the overall algorithm automatically identifies clusters
that accurately match the main tissue types that are independently determined by the clinician. 相似文献
118.
Squeeze-film effects of perforated plates for small amplitude vibration are analyzed through modified Reynolds equation (MRE).
The analytical analysis reckons in most important influential factors: compressibility of the air, border effects, and the
resistance caused by vertical air flow passing through perforated holes. It is found that consideration of air compressibility
is necessary for high operating frequency and small ratio of the plate width to the attenuation length. The analytical results
presented in this paper agree with ANSYS simulation results better than that under the air incompressibility assumption. The
analytical analysis can be used to estimate the squeeze-film effects causing damping and stiffness added to the system. Since
the value of Reynolds number involved in this paper is low (< 1), inertial effects are neglected. 相似文献
119.
In this paper we consider A(θ)-stable finite difference methods for numerical solutions of dissipative partial differential equations of parabolic type.
Combining two rational approximation methods with different orders of accuracy, where the lower order method is applied n
0 times (n
0 fixed) at each time step, we prove the existence of a second order method which is contractive for all time steps. Moreover,
we shed light on the conditions on the lower order method which are sufficient (and sometimes necessary) to obtain the optimal
order of accuracy. For the one-dimensional heat equation we construct a family of numerical methods which are contractive
in the maximum norm for all values of the discretization parameters. We also present numerical examples to illustrate our
results.
Received: May 2002 / Accepted: January 2003 相似文献
120.
Huiping Hu Qiyuan Chen Zhoulan Yin Pingmin Zhang Lusheng Ye 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2003,34(13):793-797
The thermal decompositions of mechanically activated and nonactivated galenas were studied by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA)
at the heating rate of 10 K min−1 in argon. Results indicate that the initial temperature of thermal decomposition (abbreviated as T
di) in the TGA curves for different galenas decreases gradually with increased grinding time. The specific granulometric surface
area (S
G), the structural disorder, and the content of elemental sulfur of mechanically activated galenas were analyzed by an X-ray
diffraction (XRD) laser particle-size analyzer, XRD analysis, and the gravimetric method, respectively, which shows that the
specific granulometric surface area of mechanically activated galenas remains almost constant after a certain grinding time,
but the lattice distortions (ε) rise, the crystallite sizes (D) decrease, and the elemental sulfur contents of mechanically activated galenas increase with increased grinding time. The
results imply that the decrease of the initial temperature of thermal decomposition in the TGA curves for mechanically activated
galenas is mainly caused by the increase of lattice distortions, and the formation of new dangling bonds resulted from the
production of elemental sulfur of mechanically activated galenas with increased grinding time. Finally, the differences in
the thermal-decomposition reactivity between nonactivated and mechanically activated galenas were also discussed. 相似文献