全文获取类型
收费全文 | 32087篇 |
免费 | 1279篇 |
国内免费 | 111篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 387篇 |
综合类 | 229篇 |
化学工业 | 5167篇 |
金属工艺 | 680篇 |
机械仪表 | 613篇 |
建筑科学 | 975篇 |
矿业工程 | 96篇 |
能源动力 | 958篇 |
轻工业 | 4022篇 |
水利工程 | 247篇 |
石油天然气 | 162篇 |
武器工业 | 6篇 |
无线电 | 2307篇 |
一般工业技术 | 4238篇 |
冶金工业 | 9335篇 |
原子能技术 | 245篇 |
自动化技术 | 3810篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 146篇 |
2022年 | 417篇 |
2021年 | 809篇 |
2020年 | 548篇 |
2019年 | 632篇 |
2018年 | 722篇 |
2017年 | 806篇 |
2016年 | 746篇 |
2015年 | 570篇 |
2014年 | 884篇 |
2013年 | 1482篇 |
2012年 | 1307篇 |
2011年 | 1642篇 |
2010年 | 1203篇 |
2009年 | 1244篇 |
2008年 | 1143篇 |
2007年 | 998篇 |
2006年 | 810篇 |
2005年 | 871篇 |
2004年 | 921篇 |
2003年 | 841篇 |
2002年 | 804篇 |
2001年 | 702篇 |
2000年 | 553篇 |
1999年 | 640篇 |
1998年 | 3023篇 |
1997年 | 1910篇 |
1996年 | 1296篇 |
1995年 | 781篇 |
1994年 | 666篇 |
1993年 | 717篇 |
1992年 | 243篇 |
1991年 | 297篇 |
1990年 | 248篇 |
1989年 | 212篇 |
1988年 | 233篇 |
1987年 | 180篇 |
1986年 | 180篇 |
1985年 | 198篇 |
1984年 | 130篇 |
1983年 | 96篇 |
1982年 | 139篇 |
1981年 | 137篇 |
1980年 | 136篇 |
1979年 | 91篇 |
1978年 | 81篇 |
1977年 | 225篇 |
1976年 | 384篇 |
1975年 | 85篇 |
1973年 | 50篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 390 毫秒
991.
Lizarralde I Claeys F Ordó?ez R de Gracia M Sancho L Grau P 《Water science and technology》2012,65(11):1929-1938
The increasing costs associated with water supply and the disposal of wastewater has stimulated industries to seek more efficient water management systems. Mathematical modelling and simulation can be a very valuable tool for the study of the multiple alternatives available whilst assessing optimum solutions for water management in industry. This study introduces a new steady state model library able to reproduce industrial water circuits. It has been implemented in a novel software framework for the representation, simulation and optimization of industrial water networks. A water circuit representing a paper mill has been modelled and simulated showing the capability to reproduce real case studies. Alternative scenarios for the water network have also been tested to assess the capability of the models to optimize water circuits minimizing total cost. 相似文献
992.
The sludge generated by sewage treatment which meets regulatory standards can be used in agriculture. With this understanding, the focus of this study is the evaluation of the agricultural characteristics and inorganic substances in excess activated sludge, which was subjected to drying in a greenhouse. The variables (factor) evaluated during the drying process were: type of sludge (digested or not digested), addition of lime to the sludge, and the physical layout and rotation of sludge in the greenhouse. The parameters monitored for this assessment were moisture, volatile solids and pH. The greenhouse cover and sides were made of translucent plastic to allow the penetration of solar radiation and prevent water from entering. A impermeable floor was used. The sludge was generated in sewage treatment plants located in the metropolitan region of Grande Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The solar drying of wastewater sludge in a greenhouse presented satisfactory results. 相似文献
993.
Mendes MP Ribeiro L Nascimento J Condesso de Melo T Stigter TY Buxo A 《Water science and technology》2012,66(10):2162-2169
The Water Framework Directive establishes that the river basin management plans must have a summary of the pressures and impacts of human activities, such as agriculture, on the chemical and quantitative status of groundwater bodies. In order to identify those areas where a potential impact from agricultural activities on groundwater bodies exists, but currently lacking groundwater monitoring data, a methodology was developed that combines the use of gross nitrogen balance values with the results of a specific vulnerability assessment index. A farm management efficiency parameter is added, to identify the factors that contribute to nitrogen use efficiency and to assess the near-future scenarios. This methodology allows the identification of significant pressures that may be responsible for a groundwater body failing good status where there is no representative monitoring network. 相似文献
994.
Beghi SP Santos JM Reis NC de Sá LM Goulart EV de Abreu Costa E 《Water science and technology》2012,66(10):2223-2228
Complaints from the Domingos Martins population about sewage odours in the city made the district attorney order an impact assessment of the odours emitted by the city wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). This study comprised various techniques, models and population surveys. In 2007, an odour emission model proved that the main hydrogen sulphide emitter was the aeration tank of the WWTP (13.5 g h(-1)) and such emissions, according to CALPUFF model, should be perceived in the whole Domingos Martins city centre area. In this area, 58% of those interviewed were annoyed by the WWTP odours. However, in 2009, the odour monitoring panel recorded few odour occurrences. A second population survey showed that hereafter only 20% of those interviewed were annoyed by the WWTP emissions. Odour emission and dispersion models run with 2010 data proved a drastic reduction of the WWTP aeration tank emissions and consequently the city centre was not bothered by WWTP emissions anymore. The odour emission reduction was due to the modification of the WWTP aeration tank system. Despite the odour emission reduction, houses located southeast of the WWTP were still annoyed by sewage odours. However, in this part of the town, other sources of sewage odours have been found. 相似文献
995.
Evaluation of Crop Models for Simulating and Optimizing Deficit Irrigation Systems in Arid and Semi-arid Countries Under Climate Variability 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Sebastian?KlossEmail author Raji?Pushpalatha Kefasi?J.?Kamoyo Niels?Schütze 《Water Resources Management》2012,26(4):997-1014
The variability of fresh water availability in arid and semi-arid countries poses a serious challenge to farmers to cope with
when depending on irrigation for crop growing. This has shifted the focus onto improving irrigation management and water productivity
(WP) through controlled deficit irrigation (DI). DI can be conceived as a strategy to deal with these challenges but more
knowledge on risks and chances of this strategy is urgently needed. The availability of simulation models that can reliably
predict crop yield under the influence of soil, atmosphere, irrigation, and agricultural management practices is a prerequisite
for deriving reliable and effective deficit irrigation strategies. In this context, this article discusses the performance
of the crop models CropWat, PILOTE, Daisy, and APSIM when being part of a stochastic simulation-based approach to improve
WP by focusing primarily on the impact of climate variability. The stochastic framework consists of: (i) a weather generator
for simulating regional impacts of climate variability; (ii) a tailor-made evolutionary optimization algorithm for optimal
irrigation scheduling with limited water supply; and (iii) the above mentioned models for simulating water transport and crop
growth in a sound manner. The results present stochastic crop water production functions (SCWPFs) that can be used as basic
tools for assessing the impact on the risk for the potential yield due to water stress and climate variability. Example simulations
from India, Malawi, France and Oman are presented and the suitability of these crop models to be employed in a framework for
optimizing WP is evaluated. 相似文献
996.
Macor A de Rijk E Alberti S Goodman T Ansermet JP 《The Review of scientific instruments》2012,83(4):046103
Metal-coated polymers shaped by 3D stereolithography are introduced as a new manufacturing method for passive components for millimeter to terahertz electromagnetic waves. This concept offers increased design capabilities and flexibilities while shortening the manufacturing process of complex shapes, e.g., corrugated horns, mirrors, etc. Tests at 92.5, 140, and 170 GHz are reported. 相似文献
997.
MA Dobbs M Lueker KA Aird AN Bender BA Benson LE Bleem JE Carlstrom CL Chang HM Cho J Clarke TM Crawford AT Crites DI Flanigan T de Haan EM George NW Halverson WL Holzapfel JD Hrubes BR Johnson J Joseph R Keisler J Kennedy Z Kermish TM Lanting AT Lee EM Leitch D Luong-Van JJ McMahon J Mehl SS Meyer TE Montroy S Padin T Plagge C Pryke PL Richards JE Ruhl KK Schaffer D Schwan E Shirokoff HG Spieler Z Staniszewski AA Stark K Vanderlinde JD Vieira C Vu B Westbrook R Williamson 《The Review of scientific instruments》2012,83(7):073113
A technological milestone for experiments employing transition edge sensor bolometers operating at sub-Kelvin temperature is the deployment of detector arrays with 100s-1000s of bolometers. One key technology for such arrays is readout multiplexing: the ability to read out many sensors simultaneously on the same set of wires. This paper describes a frequency-domain multiplexed readout system which has been developed for and deployed on the APEX-SZ and South Pole Telescope millimeter wavelength receivers. In this system, the detector array is divided into modules of seven detectors, and each bolometer within the module is biased with a unique ~MHz sinusoidal carrier such that the individual bolometer signals are well separated in frequency space. The currents from all bolometers in a module are summed together and pre-amplified with superconducting quantum interference devices operating at 4 K. Room temperature electronics demodulate the carriers to recover the bolometer signals, which are digitized separately and stored to disk. This readout system contributes little noise relative to the detectors themselves, is remarkably insensitive to unwanted microphonic excitations, and provides a technology pathway to multiplexing larger numbers of sensors. 相似文献
998.
Field studies were carried out in Urumqi River Basin in Northwest China. The study focused on experimentation on a plant algae method that was tested by taking various water chemistries into consideration. The results from a greenhouse experiment evaluated for four doses of P (0, 100, 200, and 300 μmol/L) using two ferns (30 and 60 day old) on 15 L of contaminated groundwater per plant revealed that the biomass of 30-day old ferns gained was higher than 60-day fern. As solution-P increased from 0 to 450 μmol/L, Phosphorus concentration in the fronds increased from 1.9 to 3.9 mg/kg and 1.95 to 4.0 mg/kg for 30-d and 60-d ferns respectively. This study showed that the plant algae method may be a good solution to maximize arsenic uptake in the short term under normal climatic conditions. 相似文献
999.
Alves RM Pereira BF Pitol DL Senhorini JA Rocha Rde C Caetano FH 《Microscopy research and technique》2012,75(5):615-619
The adipose fin is small, nonpared, and usually located medially between the dorsal and caudal fin. Its taxonomic occurrence is very restrict; thus, it represents an important trace for taxon distinction. As it does not play a known vital physiological roll and it is easily removed, it is commonly used in marking and recapture studies. The present study characterizes the adipose fin of Prochilodus lineatus, as it is poorly explored by the literature. The adipose fin consists basically of a loose connective core, covered by a stratified epithelium supported by collagen fibers. At the epithelium, pigmented cells and alarm substance cells are found. Despite the name, adipocytes or lipid droplets are not observed on the structure of the fin. 相似文献
1000.
Air-water mass transfer of hydrogen sulfide from a shallow tank with a quiescent surface under the influence of weak wind stress on the water surface was studied numerically using a two-dimensional model. The flow field in the tank was investigated using a computational code based on a finite volume, which is used to numerically solve momentum, mass and continuity conservation equations. The results show that water phase flow field is strongly dependent on the wind-induced surface velocity and the aspect ratio of the tank. Based on the numerical study, the liquid-side mass transfer coefficient is correlated with Reynolds number (R(e)), tank aspect ratio (AR) and Schmidt number (S(c)). Overall mass transfer coefficient (K(L)) values extend further downstream as the R(e) number increases. 相似文献