Adsorption of lipopolysaccharide on carbon sieves

Adsorption of lipopolysaccharide, LPS, on carbon sieves Carboxen 1003 and Carboxen 1010 has been studied. LPS adsorption kinetics is initially faster on smaller size (1-10 μm) particles of predominantly microporous Carboxen 1010 compared to Carboxen 1003 (150-200 μm) particles. However, the adsorption capacity of micro/meso/macroporous Carboxen 1003 by LPS is higher than that of Carboxen 1010 since the former carbon has wider pores that can accommodate large lipopolysaccharide molecules or their agglomerates. Carboxen 1010 probably adsorbs LPS mainly on the external (macropore) surface.     

The Use of a Novel Ferulic Acid Esterase from Lactobacillus acidophilus K1 for the Release of Phenolic Acids from Brewer's Spent Grain

In this work, an extracellular ferulic acid esterase was produced in bioreactor cultivations of Lactobacillus acidophilus K1 strain. The enzyme was partially purified using ultrafiltration (10 kDa), dialysis (4–6 kDa) and Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (Sepharose CM, Sephacryl S‐300). A considerable increment of enzyme activity (31‐fold) in the final preparation was achieved. Two distinct bands (approx. 21.5 kDa and 39 kDa) were obtained after SDS‐PAGE. A high similarity of the purified enzyme (LC‐MS/MS analysis) to tannase and ferulic acid esterase from Burkholderia ambifaria MEX‐5 was obtained. The optimal pH and temperature for the enzyme activity were 6.3 and 37°C, respectively. The enzyme preparation effectively released phenolic acids (mainly ferulic and p‐coumaric acid) from brewer's spent grain. This novel enzyme preparation can be used for the utilisation of a valuable and inexpensive by‐product of the brewing industry.     

Selecting a retrofitting profile for the TGME-444 boiler at the Rostov TETs-2 cogeneration station

Hydraulic misalignments in the steam superheating surfaces and possible changes in the thermal circuit of a TGME-444 boiler are analyzed, and the retrofitting version of this boiler that was drawn up from the results of this analysis and implemented at the Rostov TETs-2 cogeneration station in 2007 is presented. The improvement in the operational reliability of the retrofitted boiler is demonstrated.     

Preparation of fiberglass plastic constructions with the application of physical fields

The questions of the intensification of technological process are considered at created plastic flows of wares by the search for effective technologies for applying energy to speed up electrons and the possibilities of reducing power expenses.     

Catalytic systems based on carbon fiber materials for the low-temperature oxidation of carbon monoxide

New heterogenized catalytic systems for the low-temperature oxidation of CO were synthesized by supporting solutions of Pd, Cu, and Fe salts on carbon fibrous materials (carbopon and busofit). The carbon supports were studied by elemental analysis, SEM, TGA, and TPD. The effects of the nature of the support, the concentration and composition of the active component, and the conditions of preparation on the efficiency of the catalytic system were studied. It was ascertained that attenuation of hydrophilic properties of the support led to the decrease in system activity. The investigation of the catalysts by XPS showed that sample treatment in the reaction medium results in redistribution of the components of the active phase in the near-surface layer of the catalyst. The catalytic system based on carbon fibrous material carbopon prepared by supporting active components (Pd, Cu, and Fe salts) in three stages with intermediate activation in the reaction medium ensures 95% conversion of CO under respiratory conditions, and is promising for the design of the main element of breathing masks on its basis.     

Spectral diagnostics of vapor composition over molten Na<Subscript>2</Subscript>WO<Subscript>4</Subscript> and Na<Subscript>2</Subscript>O-BaO-B<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> system

The high-temperature Raman spectra recording technique was found applicable also to study luminescence of atoms and individual molecular groups in vapors over some overheated molten compounds. Sodium atomic luminescence excited with a yellow (578.2 nm) copper vapor laser line was detected in vapors over overheated molten Na₂WO₄ and Na₂O-BaO-B₂O₃ system. The possibility of recording the sodium doublet spectrum by excitation with the 578.2 nm copper vapor laser line in vapors of any melts containing sodium was shown. Overheated melts in the Na₂O-BaO-B₂O₃ system disproportionate and lose boron oxide as evidenced by the recording of luminescent spectra of BO₂ molecular radicals in vapors over relevant melts.