碳纤维增强碳化硅复合材料的微观结构与界面

利用 Al_2O_3和 Y_2O_3为烧结助剂,通过热压烧结工艺制备了碳纤维增强碳化硅复合材料。结果表明:球磨工艺有助于短切碳纤维的均匀分散。烧结过程中,烧结助剂 Al_2O_3、Y_2O_3之间发生化学反应,促进液相烧结,并形成晶界间的次晶相YAG,有利于提高复合材料的断裂韧性。在较高烧结温度下,碳纤维与烧结助剂以及基体之间反应,形成过强结合界面,纤维性能降低,不利于复合材料力学性能的提高。     

光学系统主镜组件的轻量化设计及结构-热分析

根据某型卡塞格林系统主反射镜组件的设计要求,在遵循主镜支撑结构材料的线膨胀系数与主镜材料相匹配原则的基础上,采用有限元分析和参数优化设计相结合的方法,设计和分析了3套主镜组件方案.结果表明,在结构参数相同情况下,SiC主镜的静态、动态性能优于熔石英和K9主镜.对SiC主镜进行轻量化参数优化后,得到了直径为256 mm、质量仅为1.22 kg的镜体.通过对3种方案主镜组件的结构-热分析表明,主镜及其支撑结构均采用SiC材料的第3种主镜组件方案,消除了材料间的热膨胀错配,主镜面的变形误差完全满足设计要求,综合性能优于其它两种方案.     

红曲发酵藜麦基质适生性研究

为提高藜麦的食用价值,将益生菌与藜麦结合,为藜麦微生物固态发酵提供了基础。该研究以藜麦为发酵基质,选择红曲菌为发酵菌种,探究红曲发酵藜麦基质适生性,分别对藜麦添加量、碳源添加量、氮源添加量等因素进行单因素试验影响分析,并以菌体干重为评定指标进行正交优化试验,获得最优种子液配方,利用最优种子液配方进行藜麦固态发酵,对未发酵藜麦和固态发酵藜麦进行风味物质分析及感官评定分析。结果表明,应选择蔗糖为附加碳源,蛋白胨为最适氮源,所得最优种子液配方为:藜麦添加量100 g/L、蔗糖添加量30 g/L、蛋白胨添加量30 g/L,且利用最优种子液配方进行固态发酵后,红曲固态发酵藜麦感官评定及风味物质种类和含量均优于未发酵藜麦。     

微波协同有机膨润土一体化工艺处理中性红染料废水的研究

分别用阳离子表面活性剂氯化十六烷基吡啶(CPC)、溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)与两种膨润土组合，并引入微波于一体化工艺中处理染料废水，采用正交实验选择一种较好组合。通过单因素影响分析，对比研究了微波辐照和常规振荡条件下，CPC有机膨润土合成-废水处理一体化工艺吸附中性红的适宜条件、性能及作用机理；并与振荡条件下活性炭对中性红的脱色效果作比较。结果表明：CPC浓度120Mg／L(28％CEC)，一体化工艺脱色效果明显高于活性炭吸附工艺，微波工艺的处理效果略优于振荡工艺。     

有机膨润土制备及在废水处理中的应用进展

本文综述了有机膨润土的制备原理、方法,有机膨润土在脱色、去除芳香类污染物、重金属离子和有机农药等废水处理领域中的应用研究及前景。     

Design and finite element analysis of lightmass silicon carbide primary mirror

Primary mirror is one of the key components in the space remote sensing system. To minimize the mass of the mirror without compromising its stiffness and decrease the deformation of the mirror surface at the different temperatures are the mainly two objects in the development of the primary mirror. Silicon carbide （SIC）, the most promising optical material, was used as the material of the primary mirror with triangle lightmass structure in a Cassegrain system. By using finite element method, the properties of the SiC mirror were compared with that of the traditional Be mirror and fused silica mirror. The results of static, dynamic and thermo-mechanical analysis indicate that the deformation of the mirror surface caused by temperature field is much bigger than that caused by gravity field. The SiC mirror has the best overall properties, and the SiC material is much suitable for the primary mirror.     

Effects of light-mass structural forms on silicon carbide mirror

To reduce the mass of the mirror, silicon carbide was used as the material and four light-mass structures were designed. The properties of SiC mirror open back structure with triangular cell, open back structure with hexagonal cell, sandwich structure with triangular cell, sandwich structure with hexagonal cell, were analyzed by using finite element method. The results of the static, dynamic, and thermal properties of the four kinds of SiC mirror indicate that the surface figures of the SiC mirrors are all satisfactory with the design requirements. The properties of the mirrors with sandwich structure are better than those with open back structure, except the high cost. And the mirror with triangular cell has better combination properties than the mirror with hexagonal cell. Considering the overall performance and the cost, open back structure with triangular cell is the most suitable for the SiC mirror.     

高职院校学生思想道德素质的现状及应对策略

随着高职院校办学规模的不断扩大,高职院校学生思想道德素质呈现出许多问题,我们必须正视高职院校思想道德教育的现状,积极探求高职院校学生思想道德素质教育的新思路、新方法、新途径。     

短波接收机数字锁相频率合成器的设计

提出了基于DDS/PLL混合的频率合成器的设计方案,给出了主要的硬件选择,并且对该频率合成器的杂波抑制和相位噪声进行了分析,最后对样机的性能进行了测试,结果表明该频率合成器具有很好的性能,可应用于短波接收机中。     

碳纤维增强复合材料应力检测技术

碳纤维增强复合材料在制备、加工到装配、服役过程中,由于热膨胀不匹配等原因会导致材料内部出现分层、裂纹等缺陷,这些缺陷往往使材料处于一定的应力状态。这些应力状态有些对结构有益,而大多会使分层、裂纹等缺陷加剧进而造成结构强度和稳定性的大幅下降,在结构设计过程中必须充分认识有害的残余应力。精确快速地检测复合材料所处的应力状态,对于准确评估结构的强度、稳定性和使用寿命至关重要。总结了有损和无损应力检测技术的研究现状,并通过分析不同检测方法的优势与不足,指出了今后碳纤维增强复合材料应力检测研究工作的发展趋势。