多向锻造对变形镁合金AZ31组织和力学性能的影响

文章采用不同锻造工艺对电磁连铸变形镁合金AZ31铸锭进行了多向锻造研究。结果表明,通过大变形的多向锻造后,变形镁合金AZ31可以得到有效细化,多向锻造有利于变形镁合金发生再结晶,锻造后变形镁合金AZ31最终得到均匀细小的等轴晶组织。工艺3得到最好的综合性能,锻造后变形镁合金AZ31硬度和抗拉强度分别提高了22.5%和33.5%,延伸率也有所提高。多向锻造后,室温拉伸试样的断口形貌出现大量的韧窝,表现为剪切断裂为主的韧性断裂。     

Separation efficiency of alumina particles in Al melt under high frequency magnetic field

The effects of separation time and magnetic induction intensity on the separation efficiency of alumina particles with diameters varying from 30 to 200 μm in aluminum melt were investigated. The experimental results show that the particle-accumulated layer is formed in the periphery of the solidified specimen when the diameter of the separated molten metal, the magnetic induction intensity and the separation time are 10 mm, 0.04 T and 1 s, respectively. When the separation time is 2 s, the particle-accumulated layer can be observed obviously and the separation efficiency is about 80%. There are few alumina particles in the inner of the solidified specimen when the separation time is 3 s. The separation efficiency higher than 85% can be achieved when the separation time is longer than 3 s. When the magnetic induction intensity is 0.06 T, the visible particle-accumulated layer can be formed in 1 s and the separation efficiency is higher than 95%. The experimental results were compared with the calculated results at last.     

用于金属凝固过程微观模拟的局部区域放大法

提出局部区域放大法以弥补金属凝固过程微观模拟已有算法的不足 .局部区域放大法是选取金属中局部特殊区域进行晶粒形核和长大微观模拟 ,而属于宏观范畴的温度场和溶质场的模拟计算则仍然应用于整个金属 ,之后对模拟结果进行放大显示 ,类似放大镜原理 .该方法显著减少微观模拟计算量 .     

放电等离子烧结铁磁性大块非晶的晶化处理及其磁性能研究

采用放电等离子烧结的方法制备出Fe67Co9.5Nd3Dy0.5B20大块非晶合金,且具有很好的非晶性能.用DTA热分析得到合金的第一次晶化结束温度为650℃.在650℃下保温10min退火热处理后,合金出现了较好硬磁性,合金的最大磁能积达61kJ/m3,粉末颗粒的大小对合金的磁性能影响不大.Nd1.1Fe4B4相的析出也对矫顽力有一定影响.     

行波磁场作用下空心管坯的两相凝固数值模拟

利用等轴球晶两相凝固模型计算了行波磁场作用下空心管坯的凝固过程.分析了施加不同强度的行波磁场时,Sn-3.5%Pb管坯凝固过程的温度梯度、冷却速率、溶质浓度分布以及晶粒大小的变化情况.结果表明:金属液在行波磁场的作用下产生纵截面上的大环流,随着搅拌速度的加大,金属液凝固过程的冷却速率逐渐降低,熔体内的温度梯度减小,使管坯内部的晶粒得到细化,改善了铸坯凝固组织,但是强制流动导致管坯内产生宏观偏析,且搅拌速度越大,宏观偏析越明显,因此,在生产过程中应该严格控制搅拌速度的大小.     

铸件凝固进程的三维数值模拟

本文提出了模拟铸件凝固进程的一种简化的三维方法。这种方法首先将铸件的几何形体特征必须用三维法模拟的部分孤立出来,用三维数值计算求它们的二维当量潜热,再将铸件各部分组合起来,对整体铸件用二维法进行模拟。计算结果表明,与完整的三维法模拟结果符合较好,而又可以大量节省计算机主存容量、机器时间和人的劳动。     

电磁搅拌自生表面复合材料的组织与性能

根据电磁搅拌时定向凝固形成分离共晶的原理，制备了内表面的Ａｌ３Ｎｉ金属间合物、上表面为少量Ａｌ３Ｎｉ与亚共晶组织，而基体为亚共晶组织的自生表面复合材料管状试样，分析了复合层的组织形貌、结合强度、耐腐蚀性能，讨论了分离偏聚物的形成机理。     

钙对Mg-6Al变形镁合金显微组织和拉伸性能的影响

研究了钙含量对Mg-6Al变形镁合金显微组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明：随着钙含量的增加,Mg-6Al合金中的β-Mg17Al12相逐渐变少、变细,铸态晶粒明显细化;大部分钙和铝结合生成高熔点Al2Ca相,能够阻碍晶粒的长大,使晶粒细化;钙的添加量少于1％时,随着钙含量的增加,合金的室温抗拉强度和伸长率均提高,钙的添加量大于1％时,合金的拉伸性能下降;钙含量为1％时,合金室温抗拉强度比不加钙时的提高了33．3％,伸长率达到2．65％,提高了1倍多。     

等温热处理过程中铸态AZ91镁合金的微观组织演化

铸态AZ91镁合金加热至液固相温度区间内等温热处理后演变成半固态金属,对淬火组织形态分析的试验表明:在高固相体积分数条件下,网状分布的共晶组织首先熔化,二次枝晶臂消失或熔断脱落并重新沉淀在枝晶主干上,在Gibbs-Thomson效应下,发生Ostwald熟化,固相颗粒由枝晶逐渐演变成球形颗粒,并随着热处理时间的延长发生合并现象,而且热处理温度越高晶粒间合并现象越严重。同时在界面能降低的驱使下,晶粒内部包裹的液滴以两种方式形成:晶粒内富Al、Zn的质点经过熔化、扩散、合并、或者脱落的二次枝晶臂沉淀后搭桥生长形成。     

Numerical simulation of solidification process of Sn-3.5%Pb hollow billet with stirring magnetic field

In order to study the effect of the stirring flow on the grain diameter and solute concentration of hollow billet, the couple model of the two-phase solidification and electromagnetic field was built to simulate the solidification process of Sn-3.5%Pb hollow billet with the traveling magnetic field and rotating magnetic field. The effects of different kinds of flows on the temperature field, concentration field and grain diameter of molten metal during solidification were analysed. The results show that, there are different flow patterns in the molten metal induced by the traveling magnetic field and rotating magnetic field. Both flows can refine the grains in the hollow billet because of change of the temperature gradient and cooling rate of molten metal. The bigger the stirring velocity is, the smaller the grain diameter. Both flows can result in the macro-segregation in the hollow billet because of the non-homogeneous flows. The bigger the stirring velocity, the more serious the macro-segregation of the hollow billet. So, the stirring intensity should be controlled to acquire the high quality hollow billet.