Pinhole density measurements of barriers deposited on low-k films

Evaluation of diffusion barrier integrity is an important issue in advanced interconnects. A diffusion barrier separating Cu from low-k must be as thin as possible and must not contain pinholes. We have developed a method for measuring pinhole density in diffusion barriers deposited on low-k materials. The method employs ellipsometric porosimetry for measuring diffusion of toluene in a porous low-k film beneath the barrier in question.     

New integrated buried laser-ridge modulator with identical active layer

Integrated laser modulators are attractive devices for wavelength-division-multiplexing optical systems due to their compactness, high output power, and low cost. Their fabrication simplicity is a way to decrease further the transmitter cost and address new opening markets of short range and metropolitan networks. We report a new integration scheme electroabsorption-modulator distributed feedback (DFB) laser based on well-established industrial solutions for discrete buried ridge (BRS) DFB lasers and discrete shallow ridge modulators. Processing simplification with an identical active layer has been possible due to a good behavior of strongly positively detuned BRS lasers. The integrated devices demonstrated 30-dB extinction ratio with 10-GHz bandwidth and P/sub out/=10 dBm for emission in 1.55-/spl mu/m range.     

激光合金化Si3N4/石墨复合涂层及其摩擦学性能研究

在 4 5钢表面激光合金化Si3 N4/石墨复合涂层 ,对合金化层的微观组织结构、显微硬度、元素含量和分布、摩擦磨损性能等进行了分析和实验研究 ,并据此对预涂层材料组成、配比和激光合金化工艺参数进行了优化。结果表明 :激光合金化Si3 N4/石墨复合材料能够获得组织均匀细密、硬度显著提高的合金化层。并且在干摩擦条件下 ,减小了金属表面的摩擦系数 ,提高了耐磨性和抗粘着的能力 ,整个摩擦过程也很稳定     

RTCWeb及其与IMS的融合研究

RTCWeb是一种实现免插件Web客户端及通信的技术。相比传统应用客户端,RTCWeb客户端操作更加便捷,开发更加灵活,并且能脱离操作系统和平台的限制,其对于业务开发者、网络运营商和终端用户都是一种更好的选择。本文首先对RTCWeb通信模型及关键技术进行了介绍;然后针对RTCWeb和IMS融合提出了构想并给出此构想下的具体解决方案;最后展望了基于IMS的RTCWeb系统的未来演进趋势。     

基于最大似然频率精细估计的载波捕获算法

深空通信中,星上对载波的主动捕获主要利用频率估计的方法。在实际载波捕获电路中,精确的频率估计值导入锁相环,使得锁相环捕获带余量充足。在锁相环带宽一定的情况下,估计精度的提高可以减少FFT实现点数。在FFT频率粗估计的基础上,通过频率精细估计算法可提高估计精度。为获得估计精度更高的频率精细估计算法,利用最大似然泛函不变性推导了频率精细估计的最大似然算法。载噪比在5 dB时,估计精度可以提高到FFT分辨率的10-4。仿真结果表明,该算法估计性能优于其他频率精细估计算法。     

A novel dynamic survivable routing in WDM optical networks with/without sparse wavelength conversion

In this paper, we study the dynamic survivable routing problem, both in optical networks without wavelength conversion and in optical networks with sparse wavelength conversion, and propose a novel hybrid algorithm for it based on the combination of mobile agents technique and genetic algorithms (GA). By keeping a suitable number of mobile agents in the network to cooperatively explore the network states and continuously report cycles (that are formed by two disjoint-link routes) into the routing tables, our new hybrid algorithm can promptly determine the first population of cycles for a new request based on the routing table of its source node, without the time consuming process associated with current GA-based lightpath protection schemes. We further improve the performance of our algorithm by introducing a more advanced fitness function that is suitable for both the above networks. Extensive simulation studies on the ns-2 network simulator show that our hybrid algorithm achieves a significantly lower blocking probability than the conventional survivable routing algorithms for all the cases we studied.     

An improved observation model for super-resolution under affine motion.

Super-resolution (SR) techniques make use of subpixel shifts between frames in an image sequence to yield higher resolution images. We propose an original observation model devoted to the case of nonisometric inter-frame motion as required, for instance, in the context of airborne imaging sensors. First, we describe how the main observation models used in the SR literature deal with motion, and we explain why they are not suited for nonisometric motion. Then, we propose an extension of the observation model by Elad and Feuer adapted to affine motion. This model is based on a decomposition of affine transforms into successive shear transforms, each one efficiently implemented by row-by-row or column-by-column one-dimensional affine transforms. We demonstrate on synthetic and real sequences that our observation model incorporated in a SR reconstruction technique leads to better results in the case of variable scale motions and it provides equivalent results in the case of isometric motions.     

射频脉冲CO2激光轧辊毛化技术及工艺实验研究

利用射频激励CO2激光器开发的轧辊毛化设备具有激光脉冲调制简单、结构紧凑、运行和维护费用低等优点.通过实验研究和讨论了射频CO2激光毛化中各种工艺参数的影响.在选取合适的辅助气体作用方式、压力和离焦量的情况下,实际测量结果表明激光重复频率、脉冲宽度、加工速度对毛化点大小和几何形状的影响最直接.     

Compact 2.5 Gb/s Burst‐Mode Receiver with Optimum APD Gain for XG‐PON1 and GPON Applications

This letter presents a compact 2.5 Gb/s burst‐mode receiver using the first reported monolithic amplifier IC developed with 0.25 …m SiGe BiCMOS technology. With optimum avalanche photodiode gain, the receiver module can obtain a fast response, high sensitivity and wide dynamic range, satisfying the overhead timing and various power specifications for a 2.5 Gb/s next‐generation passive optical network (PON), as well as a legacy 1.25 Gb/s PON in the upstream.     

基于改进人工鱼群-蛙跳算法优化LSSVM参数短期负荷预测

短期电力负荷预测在电力系统安全调度、经济运行方面起到关键作用。在用最小二乘支持向量机进行负荷预测时,参数选择将直接影响预测精度。为了提高LSSVM负荷预测精度,文中提出一种基于Levy变异自适应视野人工鱼群-蛙跳算法对LSSVM进行参数优化的方法。以某县负荷、天气等历史数据对LSSVM进行训练,建立LAVAFSA-SFLA-LSSVM、AFSA-LSSVM、LAFSA-SFLA-LSSVM共3种预测模型,对该地区某日24 h的电力负荷进行预测。算例结果表明,LAVAFSA-SFLA-LSSVM预测精度比AFSA-LSSVM和LAFSA-SFLA-LSSVM更高,预测误差更小。