空冷发电厂的热力设计与分析

本文对热力发电厂的汽轮机排汽冷却系统进行了评估。作者编制了计算机程序,并对海勒式空冷系统做了计算,结果显示了塔高、水流速与空气流量、冷却塔与散热器投资以及经济效益的关系。     

200MW 机组高压加热器给水大旁路经济性分析

目前国产高参数大容量机组的高压加热器均采用给水大旁路系统。从节能角度出发,以国产200MW 机组为例,采用等效焓降法,对高压加热器给水系统采用大旁路或小旁路进行了热经济性对比分析。若用小旁路系统,计算表明,一台200MW 机组按目前运行工况可节约标煤2112t。     

单耗分析的理论和实施

《单耗分析》是在(火用)和(火用)经济学的基础上所设计的能量系统分析的理论和方法,以产品单耗做为降耗节能的主要指标,分析单耗的构成及其分布和变化,为节能降耗技术提供实用的理论依据。     

Electrochemical deposition of aluminum on W electrode from AlCl_3-NaCl melts

Electrochemical deposition of aluminum on W electrode from AlCl3-NaCl melts was studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The results show that Al ( Ⅲ) is reduced in two consecutive steps, i.e., 4Al2Cl7-+3e-→Al+7AlCl4- and then AlCl4-+3e-→Al+4Cl-. The electrochemical reaction of 4Al2Cl7-+3e-→Al+7AlCl4- is reversible. Certain nucleation overpotential is required during the deposition of aluminum on W electrode. Chronopotentiometry analysis also shows that Al (Ⅲ ) is reduced in two consecutive steps under certain current density, which is in reasonable agreement with cyclic voltammograms. By using constant current deposition, the electrodeposits on Al substrate obtained at between 50 and 100 mA/cm2 are quite dense and well adherent to the Al substrate. The electrochemical deposition of aluminum on Cu substrate in AlCl3-NaCl melts indicates that the intermetallic compounds are formed. The intermetallic compounds are AlCu and Al2Cu.     

体育馆的内部空间和外部造型设计

根据人的精神需要,对体育馆内部空间设计和外部造型处理进行了分析和研究。强调设计时必须充分体现人在物质和精神上的平衡,考虑人的因素是空间处理的重点。     

长8超低渗透储层压力传播与井网匹配关系研究

镇泾油田长8储层属于低孔超低渗储层,依据储层分类标准在平面上可划分为孔隙型和裂缝型。为了研究不同类型储层压力传播与井网匹配关系,对长8油藏典型油水井动态指标进行分析,给出不同类型储层压力传播特征和合理井网形式。综合应用矢量井网和数值模拟方法对不同井排距方案进行预测,确定合理井排距。研究结果表明,孔隙型储层油井初产低、递减快、压力传播慢、传播范围小;注水井吸水能力随注水量增加而降低。裂缝型储层采油井初产高、递减慢、注水井吸水能力强、吸水指数存在明显拐点。孔隙型储层中部署菱形反九点井网,合理井距范围450～500 m,合理排距范围110～130 m;裂缝型储层部署矩形井网(行列式),合理井距范围400～450 m,合理排距范围130～150 m。     

塔里木盆地英吉苏凹陷中生界油气勘探潜力

塔里木盆地英吉苏凹陷中生界发育有煤系生油岩,其丰度指标与邻区已出油的库车坳陷、吐哈,焉耆盆地有良好可比性,碳质泥岩和煤层中有丰富－较丰富的基质镜质体,树脂体等富氢生烃组分发育。推测侏罗系还有一定范围的开阔水体有机相存在,具备良好的生烃基础。凹陷热演化与吐哈盆地台参１井十分相似,预计在４０００ｍ以下烃源岩已大量成熟,钻井揭示凹陷内中生界有过大规模的油气运移过程,碳同位素分析表明这些油气来自于中生界三     

基于非高斯性强度的风电齿轮箱故障特征提取

研究了风电机组齿轮箱的复杂振动信号并提取故障特征.由Gabor变换进行滤波和重构,抑制振动信号中的啮合频率及其谐波成分,对以边带成分、随机成分、固有频率成分为主的重构信号进行双谱分析,揭示齿轮正常状态与点蚀故障时振动信号的非高斯性差异,并提取到非高斯性强度特征值.结果表明：齿轮故障会引起振动信号中非高斯分布成分发生变化,由滤波信号提取到的非高斯性强度特征值对齿轮点蚀故障十分敏感,该计算方法较为便捷,具有一定的工程实用价值.     

微波辐照活性炭同时脱硫脱硝的试验研究

为了提高微波辐照活性炭同时脱硫脱硝技术的脱除效率,降低能耗并增加还原反应的选择性,选择几种催化剂负载于活性炭上,研究了其对同时脱硫脱硝的影响.结果表明：微波功率越大,活性炭床所能达到的温度越高,反应温度也越高;催化剂的加入提高了同时脱硫脱硝的效率,且不同催化剂所产生的效果不同,在420 W的微波功率下,铜基催化剂能促进微波辐照活性炭脱硝,却不利于微波辐照活性炭脱硫,而Mn（NO3）2可作为工业上的最佳催化剂,使同时脱硫脱硝的效率提高到95％左右.     

Effects of feeding micronised flaxseed on yield and composition of milk from Holstein cows

Nine multiparous Holstein cows were used in three 3 × 3 Latin squares to investigate the effects of feeding unheated and micronised flaxseed on milk yield and milk fatty acid composition. Three diets were formulated to meet the nutrient requirement of dairy cows in early lactation: a control diet with no added flaxseed (NFS), an unheated flaxseed diet (UFS) and a micronised flaxseed diet (MFS). The level of flaxseed in UFS and MFS was 70 g kg^?1 of the diet dry matter (DM). Feeding flaxseed to dairy cows had no effect on DM intake or milk yield. However, energy‐corrected milk was higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed MFS than for those fed UFS or NFS. Supplemental flaxseed reduced (P < 0.05) the milk fat percentage without affecting the concentration of milk protein or milk lactose. However, the yield of milk components was not affected by feeding flaxseed. The concentrations of short‐chain (C_4:0 to C_12:0) and medium‐chain (C_14:0 to C_17:0) fatty acids were decreased (P < 0.05) while those of long‐chain fatty acids (C_18:0 to C_18:3) were increased (P < 0.05) in the milk of cows fed UFS and MFS compared with cows fed NSF. Feeding flaxseed to dairy cows can alter the milk fatty acid composition, but only minor effects on milk fatty acid composition can be expected by feeding micronised versus unheated flaxseed. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry