电能质量问题的环境经济学视角分析

电能质量作为电能商品的主要属性，得到了越来越多的关注。文中分析电能质量问题的影响，从环境经济学视角，通过比较电能质量问题和环境经济学的异同点，得到电能质量问题和环境污染问题一样，其排放行为均具有外在性的特点，因此解决电能质量问题的核心是使污染排放行为外部性内部化。借鉴环境经济学理论，提出解决电能质量问题的3个新观念，即预防为主的电能质量观、可持续发展电能质量观、循环经济电能质量发展观。     

150W PT功率变换器输入匹配网络的设计

本文从压电陶瓷变压器（PT）自身的工作特点和电气特性出发,提出PT功率变换器主电路的设计方法——窄带控制方法,并应用该主导思想设计并验证了输入匹配网络。主要完成了如下工作：分析了输入匹配网络的作用,给出了设计方法.并计算出各个参数;根据确定的参数用PSpice进行了仿真,结果显示系统达到设计要求;测量了加入匹配网络后的关键实验波形.波形显示.加入输入匹配网络后,基本满足设计要求。实现了窄带控制.输出功率达到150W.效率达到90%。     

反映综合负荷动特性机理的感应电动机模型

针对感应电动机（IM）动态负荷模型（IM_DLM）不足以描述综合负荷特性，因而不实用的问题，采用解 耦辨识的方法分析了综合负荷有功功率特性和无功功率特性所对应的IM_DLM的不同；提出了在IM_DLM中引入一个无功功率“静态补偿”（LSVC）项的新模型 （LSVC_IM_DLM），并对引入的LSVC项的物理机理进行了定性分析。通过比较河北于庄和广东郭塘2个变电站的不同类型负荷特性对IM_DLM和LSVC_IM_DLM的辨 识结果，表明LSVC_IM_DLM较符合综合负荷的物理机理，其模型参数分散性小，LSVC项系数能反映不同负荷类型的变化，是一种具有重要实用价值的机理 型动态负荷模型。     

钛制设备化学清洗新工艺的研究与应用

通过对钛材在多种介质中的耐蚀性研究及大量的试验,研制出了钛制设备化学清洗的新工艺,并在天津大港发电厂国产海水淡化闪蒸设备钛制换热器的化学清洗中进行了应用。经专家组检查,钛管内垢被全部除尽,钛管吸氢量及金相组织检测结果表明,设备无损坏,清洗取得了成功。     

A method to convert AVHRR Normalized Difference Vegetation Index time series to a standard viewing and illumination geometry

The bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) alters the seasonal and inter-annual variations exhibited in Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data and this hampers the detection and, consequently, the interpretation of temporal variations in land-surface vegetation. The magnitude and sign of bi-directional effects in commonly used AVHRR data sets depend on land-surface properties, atmospheric composition and the type of atmospheric correction that is applied to the data. We develop an approach to estimate BRDF effects in AVHRR NDVI time series using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) BRDF kernels and subsequently adjust NDVI time series to a standard illumination and viewing geometry. The approach is tested on NDVI time series that are simulated for representative AVHRR viewing and illumination geometry. These time series are simulated with a canopy radiative transfer model coupled to an atmospheric radiative transfer model for four different land cover types—tropical forest, boreal forest, temperate forest and grassland - and five different atmospheric conditions - turbid and clear top-of-atmosphere, turbid and clear top-of-atmosphere with a correction for ozone absorption and Rayleigh scattering applied (Pathfinder AVHRR Land data) and ground-observations (fully corrected for atmospheric effects). The simulations indicate that the timing of key phenological stages, such as start and end of growing season and time of maximum greenness, is affected by BRDF effects. Moreover, BRDF effects vary with latitude and season and increase over the time of operation of subsequent NOAA satellites because of orbital drift. Application of the MODIS kernels on simulated NVDI data results in a 50% to 85% reduction of BRDF effects. When applied to the global 18-year global Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Pathfinder data we find BRDF effects similar in magnitude to those in the simulations. Our analysis of the global data shows that BRDF effects are especially large in high latitudes; here we find that in at least 20% of the data BRDF errors are too large for accurate detection of seasonal and interannual variability. These large BRDF errors tend to compensate, however, when averaged over latitude.     

基于规则转换的入侵防御系统的研究与实现

入侵防御系统不仅能检测网络中的入侵和攻击行为,并且能够及时地阻断入侵和攻击行为。我们设计的入侵防御系统将Snort的入侵检测规则转化为Linux内核包过滤防火墙使用的规则,使Netfilter不仅具有防火墙的功能,同时具有入侵检测的功能,从而设计出一种新型的融合式入侵防御系统。     

Visual data mining in large geospatial point sets

Visual data-mining techniques have proven valuable in exploratory data analysis, and they have strong potential in the exploration of large databases. Detecting interesting local patterns in large data sets is a key research challenge. Particularly challenging today is finding and deploying efficient and scalable visualization strategies for exploring large geospatial data sets. One way is to share ideas from the statistics and machine-learning disciplines with ideas and methods from the information and geo-visualization disciplines. PixelMaps in the Waldo system demonstrates how data mining can be successfully integrated with interactive visualization. The increasing scale and complexity of data analysis problems require tighter integration of interactive geospatial data visualization with statistical data-mining algorithms.     

Molecular recognition in the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor family

Computational modeling and its application in ligand screening and ligand receptor interaction studies play important roles in structure-based drug design. A series of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor ligands with varying potencies and receptor selectivities were docked into homology models of the S1P(1-5) receptors. These studies provided molecular insights into pharmacological trends both across the receptor family as well as at single receptors. This study identifies ligand recognition features that generalize across the S1P receptor family, features unique to the S1P(4) and S1P(5) receptors, and suggests significant structural differences of the S1P(2) receptor. Docking results reveal a previously unknown sulfur-aromatic interaction between the S1P(4) C5.44 sulfur atom and the phenyl ring of benzimidazole as well as pi-pi interaction between F3.33 of S1P(1,4,5) and aromatic ligands. The findings not only confirm the importance of a cation-pi interaction between W4.64 and the ammonium of S1P at S1P(4) but also predict the same interaction at S1P(5). S1P receptor models are validated for pharmacophore development including database mining and new ligand discovery and serve as tools for ligand optimization to improve potency and selectivity.     

High heat flux heat pipe mechanism for cooling of electronics

This paper discusses an advanced heat pipe mechanism that has the potential of achieving heat flux capabilities over 250 W/cm². The mechanism utilizes thermally driven pulsating two-phase flow to achieve high heat flux capability and heat transfer coefficient. A simplified hydrodynamic model in was developed to guide the proof-of-concept heat pipe design. A more detailed numerical model was also developed and will be solved to predict the heat pipe's thermal performance. Test results of proof-of-concept heat pipes verified the heat flux capability of the advanced mechanism and the accuracy of the simplified model. Pulsating heat pipes are feasible approaches to removing increasing heat dissipation densities in electronic equipment