Stimulation of gluconeogenesis with 1,3-butanediol in the perfused rat liver

An intensified synthesis of glucose is observed in gluconeogenesis from endogenous precursor only for the first 30 min of perfusion. Pyruvate introduction into the medium raises phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and fructose-1,6-diphosphatase activities in the liver and determines maintenance of the glucose formation high rate for 90 min of perfusion. 1,3-butanediol is found to have a stimulating effect on gluconeogenesis from pyruvate. Introduction of 1,3 bytanediol into perfusate decreases the redox state of free NAD-pairs, increases the content of phosphoenolpyruvate, malate. ATP and the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and fructose-1.6-diphosphatase activity in the perfused liver.     

Interactions between anaesthetics and lipid mixtures. Amines

Variance analysis, an accounting technique, is applied to an eight-component model of hospital costs to determine the contribution each component makes to cost increases. The method is illustrated by application to data on total costs from 1950 to 1973 for all U.S. nongovernmental not-for-profit short-term general hospitals. The costs of a single hospital are analyzed and compared to the group costs. The potential uses and limitations of the method as a planning and research tool are discussed.     

Primary and secondary carcinomata with focal nodular hyperplasia in a multinodular thyroid: case report

A patient is described whose multinodular thyroid gland was found to have a primary papillary adenocarcinoma, a metastatic renal-cell carcinoma, and focal nodular hyperplasia. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of such an unusual combination. In a patient with known malignancy elsewhere, the possibility that a recent thyroid mass may be a metastasis should be considered.     

Monocular aphakia and contralateral pseudophakia

The implanatation of an intraocular lens into the contralateral eye of non-implanted monocular aphakic patients is reviewed. The specific indications, contraindications, and advantages are discussed. The results of a series of 31 cases are presented and analyzed. The generally good results and specific advantages of this technique, when utilized under proper conditions, indicate that it merits inclusion in the ever expanding spectrum of options available to the modern cataract surgeon.     

Model for action of local anaesthetics

Sodium channels in nerve membranes are postulated to be surrounded by lipid molecules in the gel (or crystalline) phase. Addition of local anasethetics triggers a change in the surrounding lipids to the fluid, liquid crystalline phase, allowing the sodium channel to close with resulting local anaesthesia. The experimental evidence for this model is discussed.