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91.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to measure binding energies of S 2p electrons of sulphur in S-trithiane, and in anisotropic carbon (heat-treatment temperature 873 K) formed from S-trithiane and from a humic acid derived from a Polish brown coal. A satisfactory technique is to prepare the specimens as a thin film on a gold plate. In all these materials, the sulphur atom environments are identical, corresponding to heterocyclic sulphur, 163.3 eV binding energy. Experimental binding energies are compared with those obtained using a charge-potential model from CNDO orbital calculations. 相似文献
92.
Electrochemically deposited sol-gel-derived silicate films as a viable alternative in thin-film design 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sol-gel-derived silicate films were electrochemically deposited on conducting surfaces from a sol consisting of tetramethoxysilane (TMOS). In this method, a sufficiently negative potential is applied to the electrode surface to reduce oxygen to hydroxyl ions, which serves as the catalyst for the hydrolysis and condensation of TMOS. The electrodeposition process was followed by the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and cyclic voltammetry. The electrodeposited films were characterized for their surface morphology, porosity, and film thickness using atomic force microscopy, electrochemical probe techniques, surface area and pore size analysis, and profilometry. The electrodeposited films were found to have a completely different surface structure and to be significantly rougher relative to spin-coated films. This is likely due in part to the separation of the gelation and evaporation stages of film formation. The electrodeposited films were found to be permeable to simple redox molecules, such as ruthenium(III) hexaammine and ferrocene methanol. Film thickness can be easily varied from < 75 nm to > 15 microm by varying the electrode potential from -600 mV to more than -1000 mV, respectively. The electrodeposition process was further applied for the electroencapsulation of redox molecules and organic dyes within the silicate network. Cyclic voltammograms for the gel-entrapped ferrocene methanol (FcCH2OH) and ruthenium(II) tris(bipyridine) (Ru(bpy)3(2+)) exhibited the characteristic redox behavior of the molecules. The electroencapsulation of organic dyes in their "native" form proved to be more difficult because these species typically contain reducible functionalities that change the structure of the dye. 相似文献
93.
P. Kerkoc R. T. Bailey F. R. Cruickshank D. Pugh J. N. Sherwood 《Journal of Modern Optics》2013,60(5):903-912
Abstract Pulsed laser induced surface damage experiments were made on the cleaved (001) face of (—)2-(α-methylbenzylamino)-5-nitropyridine (MBANP) crystals using a pulse length of 25 ns FWHM. The highest single pulse damage threshold value was 24·2 J cm?2 at a wavelength of 1064 nm for light polarized along the crystallographic a axis, whereas the lowest was 1·8 J cm?2 at 532 nm for light polarized along the crystallographic b axis. The extent of the mechanical distortion of the (001) crystal plane consequent upon the absorption of a 25 ns FWHM, 10 J cm?2 pulse from a Nd:YAG laser operating at the wavelength 1064 nm has been measured by a non-destructive and non-invasive technique. 相似文献
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96.
R. T. K. Baker J. J. Chludzinski Jr R. D. Sherwood 《Journal of Materials Science》1987,22(11):3831-3842
The interaction of single crystal molybdenum disulphide with various gases has been followed dynamically usingin situ scanning transmission electron microscopy. It is found that in the presence of oxygen attack takes place preferentially at edges and point defects on the basal plane. I1 appears that the reaction proceeds by two pathways, conversion to MoO2 predominates at low temperatures (690 K) end formation of MoO3 becoming significant at jigher temperatures (800 K), with intermediate metastable oxides playing some role. Reduction of molybdenum disulphide in hydrogen is a relatively sluggish reaction and attack occurs exclusively at the edge regions of crystals resulting in the formation of metallic molybdenum as major product with e minor amount of Mo2S3. 相似文献
97.
98.
AG Brooks F Borrego PE Posch A Patamawenu CJ Scorzelli M Ulbrecht EH Weiss JE Coligan 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,162(1):305-313
The CD94/NKG2 receptors expressed by subpopulations of NK cells and T cells have been implicated as receptors for a broad range of both classical and nonclassical HLA class I molecules. To examine the ligand specificity of CD94/NKG2 proteins, a soluble heterodimeric form of the receptor was produced and used in direct binding studies with cells expressing defined HLA class I/peptide complexes. We confirm that CD94/NKG2A specifically interacts with HLA-E and demonstrate that this interaction is dependent on the association of HLA-E with peptide. Moreover, no interaction between CD94/NKG2A and classical HLA class I molecules was observed, as assayed by direct binding of the soluble receptor or by functional assays using CD94/NKG2A+ NK cells. The role of the peptide associated with HLA-E in the interaction between HLA-E and CD94/NKG2A was also assessed. All class I leader sequence peptides tested bound to HLA-E and were recognized by CD94/NKG2A. However, amino acid variations in class I leader sequences affected the stability of HLA-E. Additionally, not all HLA-E/peptide complexes examined were recognized by CD94/NKG2A. Thus CD94/NKG2A recognition of HLA-E is controlled by peptide at two levels; first, peptide must stabilize HLA-E and promote cell surface expression, and second, the HLA-E/peptide complex must form the ligand for CD94/NKG2A. 相似文献
99.
100.
M Adachi CJ Dickens J Hetherington HD Hoskins AG Iwach PC Wong N Nguyen AS Ma 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,104(12):2121-2125
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of initial trabeculotomy in the patient with aniridic glaucoma. DESIGN: Clinical charts were reviewed. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-nine eyes of 16 patients with aniridia were studied. INTERVENTION: Glaucoma surgery was performed. As an initial procedure, trabeculotomy was performed in 12 eyes, other surgery was performed in 17 eyes (trabeculectomy, 5; goniotomy, 5; other, 7). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 21 mmHg or lower, and no further surgery was performed. RESULTS: Ten (83%) of 12 eyes obtained IOP control after first (6 eyes) or second (4 eyes) trabeculotomy with a mean follow-up period of 9.5 years. Five eyes maintained visual acuity of 20/40 to 20/200. No serious complications were found after trabeculotomy. Three (18%) of 17 eyes were controlled with the first glaucoma surgery other than trabeculotomy (goniotomy, trabeculectomy, trabeculectomy combined with trabeculotomy, and Molteno implant). Good IOP control was obtained in 8 (47%) of 17 eyes after several surgeries with a mean follow-up period of 10.4 years. Four of 17 eyes became phthisical. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that trabeculotomy is the preferred initial operation for uncontrolled glaucoma with aniridia. 相似文献