微生物产蛋白酶的研究进展

蛋白酶是目前应用最为广泛的工业化酶制剂,其产值占世界酶制剂总产值的60％,而工业上超过三分之二的蛋白酶来自于微生物发酵生产.本文对微生物产蛋白酶的工业化生产菌种、高产菌株的选育、酶学性质、分离纯化方法及在食品行业的应用进行了概述,以期对微生物产蛋白酶有更系统地了解,为进一步研究和发掘微生物产蛋白酶,促进蛋白酶的工业化生...     

地震作用下顺层岩质边坡动力响应的试验研究

基于相似理论建立顺层岩质边坡力学模型,并介绍爆炸模型试验的设计思路及试验方法。以导爆索为爆源,通过水下爆炸模型试验,研究近场地震作用下原型边坡的变形破坏模式以及支护结构对边坡稳定性的影响。试验结果表明,顺层岩质边坡的在近场地震作用下的破坏主要表现方式为节理岩体间的层间滑动,破坏模式为应力波导致的滑移–拉裂破坏;重力式挡墙的压应力峰值分布随着墙高的变化呈现先增大后减小的钟形分布;结合汶川地震现场考察及试验结果发现,支护结构对边坡稳定性起着重要作用。     

核电用508-III钢窄间隙脉冲TIG单层单道钨极摆动焊工艺

文中介绍了窄间隙脉冲TIG单层单道钨极摆动焊的工艺特点,针对核电用508-III钢材料进行了焊接工艺性试验,设计了合适的窄间隙焊接坡口形式,根据试验数据,得出了不同厚度核电用508-III钢材料的窄间隙脉冲TIG单层单道钨极摆动焊坡口尺寸范围,分析了焊接电流、电弧电压、焊接速度、送丝速度、钨极摆角、热丝电流形式、保护气体流量对焊接过程和焊接质量的影响,制定了相应的工艺过程控制措施。通过焊接工艺试验,获得了探伤合格的焊缝,接头力学性能指标满足国内三代核电产品技术条件的要求。     

基于nRF905的嵌入式多点数据采集系统设计

设计了以MSP430单片机和nRF905无线收发模块为核心的嵌入式数据集中器和数据采集器。介绍了MSP430的SPI驱动、nRF905的SPI驱动及其接口实现,阐述了链路控制方案和实际应用中应注意的问题。实现了数据采集器与数据集中器之间高效而稳定的无线数据传输,具有应用灵活、成本低廉、工程建设周期短等优点,可广泛应用于多种场合。     

微米级电液位置反馈控制系统的研究

为了研究轴向柱塞泵配流盘/缸体摩擦副的润滑机理,研制了微米级电液位置反馈控制系统.基于该控制系统的组成和工作原理,使用系统中的高精度电涡流微位移传感器对润滑膜厚度进行精密测量.采用比例-积分-微分(PID)控制算法对微米级的润滑膜厚度进行反馈控制,对微米级电液位置反馈控制系统进行了数学建模,并研究了整个电液位置反馈控制系统的动态特性.结果表明,随着V0/βe、Kce的适当减小,润滑膜厚度的振荡幅度减小.适当选取PID参数值可以使系统的振荡周期变短,响应速度加快.微位移传感器的测量误差小于1　μm.该系统可以测量轴向柱塞泵配流盘/缸体摩擦副润滑膜厚度、承载力和泄漏流量.     

超临界锅炉给水加氧的关键问题

超临界锅炉给水加氧处理技术可以有效降低机组凝结水至炉水系统管内的腐蚀及沉积速率,提高汽水品质和机组运行效率。结合当前超临界锅炉不同的给水运行方式,阐述了给水加氧特点和基本原理;针对当前困扰超临界锅炉给水加氧技术应用的关键问题进行研究,提出了有效实施给水加氧技术必须选择正确可靠的加氧系统、把握精确的氧质量分数控制和严格控制全挥发性处理与给水加氧处理方式相互转换条件等关键环节,可为给水加氧技术在大型超临界火力发电机组的推广应用提供指导。     

BIM技术在建筑行业中的应用

文章阐述了BIM技术的定义、特点及对建筑各参与方的意义、分析了应用中存在的问题,提出了相应的对策。     

Sex differences in the relative contributions of nitric oxide and EDHF to agonist-stimulated endothelium-dependent relaxations in the rat isolated mesenteric arterial bed

1. We have used the isolated, buffer-perfused, superior mesenteric arterial bed of male and female rats to assess the relative contributions of nitric oxide (NO) and the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) to endothelium-dependent relaxations to carbachol. 2. Carbachol caused dose-related relaxations of methoxamine-induced tone in mesenteric vascular beds from male rats described by an ED50(M) of 0.43+/-0.15 nmol and a maximum relaxation (Rmax(M) of 89.6+/-1.2% (n=28) which were not significantly different from those observed in mesenteries from female rats (ED50(F)=0.72+/-0.19 nmol and Rax(F)=90.7+/-0.9%; n=22). 3. In the males, the addition of 100 microM NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) caused the dose-response curve to carbachol to be significantly (P<0.001) shifted to the right 15 fold (ED50(M)=6.45+/-3.53 nmol) and significantly (P<0.01) reduced Rmax(M) (79.7+/-2.8%, n=13). By contrast, L-NAME had no effect on vasorelaxation to carbachol in mesenteries from female rats (ED50(f)= 0.89+/-0.19 nmol, Rmax(F)=86.9+/-2.3%, n=9). 4. Raising tone with 60 mM KCl significantly reduced the maximum relaxation to carbachol in mesenteries from male rats 2 fold (Rmax(M)=40.3+/-9.2%, n=4; P<0.001) and female rats by 1.5 fold (Rmax(F)=55.3+/-3.3%, n=6; P<0.001), compared with methoxamine-induced tone. The potency of carbachol was also significantly reduced 1.2 fold in preparations from males (ED50(M)=0.87+/-0.26 nmol; P<0.01) but not the females (ED50(F)=4.04+/-1.46 nmol). In the presence of both 60 mM KCl and L-NAME, the vasorelaxation to carbachol was completely abolished in mesenteries from both groups. 5. The cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716A (1 microM), which is also a putative EDHF antagonist, had no significant effect on the responses to carbachol in mesenteries from males or females (ED50(M)=1.41+/-0.74 nmol, Rmax(M)=89.4+/-2.5%, n=7; ED50(F)=2.17+/-0.95 nmol, Rmax(F)=89.9+/-1.8%, n=9). In mesenteries from male rats, in the presence of 100 microM L-NAME, SR141716A significantly (P<0.05) shifted the dose-response curve to carbachol 8 fold further to the right than that seen in the presence of L-NAME alone (ED50(M)= 53.8+/-36.8 nmol) without affecting Rmax(M) (72.4+/-4.8%, n=10). In mesenteries from female rats, the combined presence of L-NAME and SR141716A, significantly (P < 0.01) shifted the dose-response curve to carbachol 7.5 fold, (ED50(F)=6.66+/-2.46 nmol), as compared to L-NAME alone and significantly (P<0.001) decreased Rmax(F) (70.1+/-5.5%, n=8). 6. Vasorelaxations to the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), to the endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide (a putative EDHF) and to the ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator, levcromakalim, did not differ significantly between male and female mesenteric vascular beds. 7. The continuous presence of sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 20-60 nM) had no effect on vasorelaxation to carbachol in mesenteries from either males or females. In the presence of L-NAME, SNP significantly (P<0.05) reduced the potency of carbachol 6 fold, without affecting the maximal relaxation in mesenteries from male rats (ED50(M)=40.9+/-19.6 nmol, Rmax(M)=79.4+/-2.5%, n=11). Similarly in mesenteries from female rats, the ED50(F) was also significantly (P<0.01) increased 7 fold (6.24+/-2.02 nmol), while the Rmax(F) was unaffected (81.9+/-11.0%; n=4). 8 The results of the present investigation demonstrate that the relative contributions of agonist-stimulated NO and EDHF to endothelium-dependent relaxations in the rat isolated mesenteric arterial bed, differ between males and females. Specifically, although both NO and EDHF appear to contribute towards endothelium-dependent relaxations in males and females, blockade of NO synthesis alone has no effect in the female. This suggests that EDHF is functionally more important in females; one possible explanation for this is that in the absence of NO, the recently identified ability of EDHF to compensate for the loss of NO, is functio