On the recognition of printed characters of any font and size

We describe the current state of a system that recognizes printed text of various fonts and sizes for the Roman alphabet. The system combines several techniques in order to improve the overall recognition rate. Thinning and shape extraction are performed directly on a graph of the run-length encoding of a binary image. The resulting strokes and other shapes are mapped, using a shape-clustering approach, into binary features which are then fed into a statistical Bayesian classifier. Large-scale trials have shown better than 97 percent top choice correct performance on mixtures of six dissimilar fonts, and over 99 percent on most single fonts, over a range of point sizes. Certain remaining confusion classes are disambiguated through contour analysis, and characters suspected of being merged are broken and reclassified. Finally, layout and linguistic context are applied. The results are illustrated by sample pages.     

Simulation of smoke flow and longitudinal ventilation in tunnel fire

1 Introduction The tunnel is one of the important facilities of railroad and highway transportation, and also a throat of railroad and highway. With the development of transportation, there are more and more tunnels. Although the tunnel fire occurs seldo…     

Design of a low temperature coefficient bandgap reference with a wide temperature range

In order to meet the requirements of different applications and markets for the accuracy and reliability of IoT chips,a low temperature coefficient bandgap reference with a wide temperature range is proposed.On the basis of the traditional Banba bandgap reference structure,the circuit utilizes high-order temperature compensation technology and piecewise temperature compensation technology to improve the curvature of the output reference voltage.The temperature coefficient of the circuit is reduced.At the same time,the operating temperature range of the circuit is extended.The circuit performances are verified in the TSMC 180 nm CMOS process.Test results show that the temperature coefficient of the circuit is as low as 7.2×10^-6/℃ in the range of-40 ℃ to 160 ℃.The power supply rejection ratio at a low frequency is -48.52 dB.The static current under the 1.8 V power supply voltage is 68.38 μA,and the core area of the chip is 0.025 mm².     

疫情防控下高校工科女大学生就业环境分析与策略选择

2020年疫情暴发以来,国家和政府高度重视疫情防控,不断推进稳就业、促就业的相关政策陆续出台,高校毕业生作为就业工作重要群体受到国家和政府的重点关注和全力帮扶.基于疫情常态化防控视角,借助SWOT分析理论,研究现行背景下高校工科女大学生就业工作内部环境的优势与劣势,外部环境的机遇与挑战,分析就业策略与选择.研究结论表明:在常态化疫情防控背景下,工科女大学生的性别弱势使其遭受性别相关的就业不利与挑战,国家政策的大力帮扶和新兴职业的衍生发展为其就业创造良好机遇,在就业选择上主动适应市场环境,提升自身就业竞争力,可实现工科女大学生高质量就业.     

变流场情景下基于鱼类游泳特性的上溯通道分析

水电开发对洄游性鱼类的生境造成了影响,预测目标鱼类洄游期的上溯通道可为修建过鱼设施提供依据,从而减缓其负面效应。本文选取虎渡溪航电工程的下游河段作为研究区域,将长薄鳅、白甲鱼、异鳔鳅鮀作为目标鱼类,针对几种目标鱼类的游泳能力对不同流速进行分区后,得出了适用于多种过鱼目标的流速适宜度曲线,然后对研究区域过鱼期的典型流量进行了数值模拟。根据流速适宜度曲线对研究区域的多种过鱼目标进行了流速适宜度评价,并由评价结果预测了满足多目标过鱼要求的上溯通道。结果表明：流速适宜度评价最优区域出现的位置随流量变化而有所不同,低流量运行条件下出现在主流区域,而高流量运行条件下出现在主流区域两侧;上溯的通道面积占总面积的比例也随流量变化而有所不同,低流量运行条件下的占比约为高流量运行条件下的3 ~ 4倍。根据预测通道特征,对鱼道的进口布置及电站运行调度提供了建议。该结果可为相关鱼类的保护工作提供依据。     

冻融与氯盐耦合作用下超细粉煤灰混凝土抗碳化性能研究

为了研究氯盐与冻融耦合作用下超细粉煤灰混凝土的碳化性能,对不同掺量超细粉煤灰混凝土进行了抗压强度试验、基准碳化试验、冻融-碳化试验和盐冻-碳化耦合试验.结果表明:在标准养护条件下,混凝土试件中掺入少量超细粉煤灰会降低试件本身的抗压强度,但降低幅度不大,而掺入大量的超细粉煤灰其抗压强度下降比较明显.干燥养护下,掺入超细粉煤灰对试件的抗压强度影响较小,其抗压强度随掺量没有出现骤降.掺入适量的超细粉煤灰能提高混凝土的抗碳化性能,随着超细粉煤灰掺量增加,抗碳化性降低,当超细粉煤灰掺量超过25％时对混凝土抗碳化性能影响不大.当超细粉煤灰参量一定时,盐冻-碳化循环试验对混凝土碳化深度最不利,且超细粉煤灰混凝土的碳化深度与循环次数呈现二次函数关系.     

Preparation of carbon nanotube composite material with metal matrix by electroplating

It is demonstrated that the nickel can be deposited directly on the surface of carbon nanotubes without pre-sensitization by Sn^2＋ and Pd^2＋ in a watt bath containing suspended nanotubes by electroplating. The nickel is deposited as spherical nanoparticle on the nanotubes. By increasing reaction time, the carbon nanotube is fully coated with nickel. A probable model, which represents the formation process of carbon nanotube-nickel composites by electroplating, is presented. The results show that this method is efficient and simple for preparing carbon nanotube-metal composite.     

Mixing effects and hydrodynamics of vortex rings

Vortex rings have been formed in water by impulsive flow through an orifice, and mixing effects due to the lings have been measured. Laboratory tests on the mixing of stratified layers of salt solution by vortex rings formed at a 6.35 cm diameter orifice have indicated that Froude number is an important factor in determining the energy efficiency of mixing. Field tests using a 25.4 cm orifice in Hamilton Harbour (18 m depth of water) have shown a small mixing effect. Further experiments with a 25.4 cm orifice in a test tank have shown that the vortex rings have a range of at least 30 m.     

4-乙基-1-苯基环己醇的催化氢解

在乙醇体系中,4 丙基 1 苯基环己醇在2MPa氢气压力下200℃反应8h,完全氢解且反式选择性高,得到71.7%的反式产物和22.3%的顺式产物。考察了温度等对氢解反应的影响,发现高温有利于反式产物的生成。