Enterosorption in ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract with concomitant intestinal dysbacteriosis

Adjuvant use of enterosorbents in combined therapy of gastroduodenal ulcers (158 patients), nonspecific ulcerative colitis with intestinal dysbacteriosis was assessed. Enterosorption in combined therapy of gastrointestinal diseases with dysbacteriosis potentiated positive effect. The highest benefit of enterosorption occurs in intestinal affections (nonspecific ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel-syndrome, chronic enteritis, colitis). In gastroduodenal ulcer lignin sorbent (polyfepan) is preferable. Polyfepan acted positively on intestinal dysbacteriosis through eliminating Escherichia with hemolyzing properties and enterococci, by reducing lack of bifidobacteria.     

Mediastinal bronchogenic cyst: diagnosis and follow-up

A 5-year-old girl with an asymptomatic posterior mediastinal cyst from birth was followed with repeated echocardiograms. The cyst developed communication with the bronchus spontaneously around 8 months of age without clinical symptoms. This was detected from the sudden disappearance of the mass on echocardiogram, and an unusual air-pocket on chest roentgenogram. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest confirmed the diagnosis of communicating bronchogenic cyst (BC). She was treated successfully with complete surgical excision of the cyst and closure of the defect in the bronchus. We emphasize that surgery is indicated in all mediastinal BCs because of potential complications.     

Stress enhances excitatory trace eyeblink conditioning and opposes acquisition of inhibitory conditioning

Exposure to a brief, stressful event is reported to facilitate classical eyeblink conditioning in the male rat (Rattus norvegicus) by use of a delay paradigm in which the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) overlap and coterminate. This study examined the effects of stress on trace conditioning, a task in which the CS and US were separated by 500 ms. Experiment 1 showed that exposure to brief (1 s), low-intensity (1 mA) tailshocks facilitated acquisition 24 hr later. Experiment 2 showed that stressor exposure did not affect retention or extinction of trace conditioning in rats that were stressed after acquisition. Experiment 3 showed that exposure to the same stressor opposed acquisition of inhibitory conditioning. These results suggest that exposure to a stressful event persistently facilitates acquisition of trace conditioning and enhances a bias toward acquiring positive versus negative associations.     

Low-flow membrane oxygenation of blood in patients with diffuse purulent peritonitis

Small-flow membranous oxygenation of the blood was used in 45 patients with peritonitis in the multiple organ failure phase. In ten cases blood oxygenation was combined with hemofiltration. MOCT 19-03 (Kvant Research and Production Unit) and Gambro FH hemofilters (Sweden) were employed. Combination of small-flow membranous oxygenation of the blood combined with hemofiltration appreciably improved the oxygen-transporting function of the blood in adult patients with the respiratory distress syndrome, which was due to mutual potentiation of the two methods' effects. Small-flow membraneous oxygenation alone improved cellular immunity and decreased the laboratory manifestations of endogenous intoxication due to biotransformation of toxic products.     

Antigenic structure of soluble herpes simplex virus (HSV) glycoprotein D correlates with inhibition of HSV infection

Soluble forms of herpes simplex virus (HSV) glycoprotein D (gD) block viral penetration. Likewise, most HSV strains are sensitive to gD-mediated interference by cells expressing gD. The mechanism of both forms of gD-mediated inhibition is thought to be at the receptor level. We analyzed the ability of different forms of soluble, truncated gD (gDt) to inhibit infection by different strains of HSV-1 and HSV-2. Strains that were resistant to gD-mediated interference were also resistant to inhibition by gDt, thereby suggesting a link between these two phenomena. Virion gD was the major viral determinant for resistance to inhibition by gDt. An insertion-deletion mutant, gD-1(delta 290-299t), had an enhanced inhibitory activity against most strains tested. The structure and function of gDt proteins derived from the inhibition-resistant viruses rid1 and ANG were analyzed. gD-1(ridlt) and gD-1(ANGt) had a potent inhibitory effect on plaque formation by wild-type strains of HSV but, surprisingly, little or no effect on their parental strains. As measured by quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a diverse panel of monoclonal antibodies, the antigenic structures of gD-1(rid1t) and gD-1(ANGt) were divergent from that of the wild type yet were similar to each other and to that of gD-1 (delta 290-299t). Thus, three different forms of gD have common antigenic changes that correlate with enhanced inhibitory activity against HSV. We conclude that inhibition of HSV infectivity by soluble gD is influenced by the antigenic conformation of the blocking gDt as well as the form of gD in the target virus.     

Segmented gene conversion as a mechanism of correction of 18S rRNA pseudogene located outside of rDNA cluster in D. melanogaster

INTRODUCTION: Acute scrotum in the pediatric age is mainly related to surgical causes. Spermatic cord torsion and inguinoscrotal hernia must be ruled out first, because of the possible ischemic damage to gonadal tissue and therefore surgery is sometimes performed directly, thus representing also a diagnostic tool. Spermatic cord torsion is found in two age ranges, namely: the neonatal period, where it usually represents the evolution of an intrauterine process, and the peripubertal period, which is more frequent. An unquestionable and prompt diagnosis is particularly needed because of the extreme sensitivity of gonadal tissue to ischemia. In this particular field, color and power Doppler US, depicting gonadal flow, have greatly increased diagnostic imaging capabilities, which were previously limited to B-mode US. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 19 peripubertal patients with the diagnosis of spermatic cord torsion made on the basis of B-mode US and then confirmed with color Doppler. RESULTS: We found two signs which can be considered highly suggestive of spermatic cord torsion: the spiral twist of spermatic vessels and the peculiar extent of reactive hydrocele, caused by the bell clapper anomaly of the vaginal sac. CONCLUSIONS: The above US patterns are very helpful to diagnose spermatic cord torsion.