Reduction of Am(IV) with Water in KHCO3 + K2CO3 Solutions

Reduction of Am(IV) with water in KHCO₃, K₂CO₃ solutions (pH 8.5-10.5) was studiedspectrophotometrically at 54-70°C. The Am(IV) concentration decreases, following the first-order rate law.The reduction rate increases with pH (logk/pH = 0.4), but decreases with increase in (HCO₃ ^- + CO₃ ^{2 -}) concentration. It was assumed that the thermally excited Am(IV) ion forms a dimer with unexcited Am(IV). The dimer dissociates into two Am(III) ions and H₂O₂. Hydrogen peroxide reduces two more Am(IV) ions. In this process, the excited Am(III) ion appears, which transfers the excitation to Am(IV) at collision. Thus, a chain process is initiated. This scheme can also explain the kinetics of Am(VI) and Np(VII) reduction in carbonate solutions.     

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Expression of the Evi-1 gene in haemopoietic cells of children with juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia and normal donors

Activation of the Evi-1 gene was first described to be associated with the transformation of murine myeloid leukaemias and has previously been detected in cases of human acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in blast crises and in myelodysplastic syndromes. In this study we determined the frequency and the level of Evi-1 expression in juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia (JMML) and in normal haemopoiesis. Using RT-PCR and Southern blot hybridization mRNA of Evi-1 could be detected in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells (MNC) of normal donors. In JMML 12/20 patients examined expressed elevated levels of Evi-1 compared to normal controls. In these samples over-expression of the gene was correlated with a higher percentage of blasts (P = 0.02). Expression levels in BFU-E and CFU-GM derived colonies from BM of JMML patients were lower than those in the corresponding MNC samples. Analysis of CD34+ and CD34- cells demonstrated that Evi-1 is primarily expressed in the CD34+ cell population of both JMML and normal donors. These findings suggest that Evi-1 expression is linked to the early stages of haemopoiesis. Studies on the regulation of Evi-1 expression in CD34+ cells will elucidate its function in progenitor cells and clarify its possible role in the pathogenesis of JMML.     

Supramolecular structure of disperse phase of detergent oil additives

Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 6, pp. 25–27, June, 1990.     

The measurement of magnetic field strength near the surface of a ferromagnetic object

A technique for measuring field strength near the surface of a ferromagnetic object using a polarized local tape magnetic carrier (LTMC) is described. The calibration characteristics of a demagnetized and polarized LTMC made of И4701-35 tape are given.     

Study of sialated neoglycoconjugates by surface enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy

Neoglycoconjugates based on polyacrylamide and sialic acid with N-acetylneuraminic acid or sialooligosaccharides as side chains were studied by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. It had previously been found that these polymers can effectively inhibit influenza virus adhesion. This study revealed the possibility to evaluate, based on the intensity of SERS signals, the overall availability for interaction and the conformational freedom of sialic acid residues in glycoconjugates. The dependence of these two factors on the structure and density of sialylated side chains was studied. The uniformity of distribution of sialylated side chains in conjugates was shown. Comparison of the results of the SERS spectroscopic study of the conjugates and the data on their inhibitory effect on the adhesion of specific strains of influenza virus allowed the identification of the conjugates for which the availability and conformational freedom of sialic acid are the main factors determining their inhibitory properties. A conclusion was also reached about the predominance of one of the mechanisms (competitive inhibition or steric stabilization) in the inhibitory properties of the specific conjugates.