Moe Elbadawi  Jun Jie Ong  Thomas D. Pollard  Simon Gaisford  Abdul W. Basit 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(10):2006407

With the impending Industrial Revolution 4.0, the information produced by sensors will be central in many applications. This includes the healthcare sector, where affordable healthcare and precision medicine are highly sought after. Electrochemical sensors have the potential to produce affordable, high sensitivity and specificity, intuitive, and rapid point-of-care diagnostics. Underpinning these achievements is the choice of material and the fabrication thereof. In this review, the different types of materials used in electrochemical biosensors are reported, with a focus on synthetic conductive materials. The review demonstrates that there is an abundance of materials to select from, and compositing different types of materials further widens their applicability in biosensors. In addition, the fabrication of such materials using the state-of-the-art of fabrication technology, additive manufacturing (AM), is also detailed. The need for compositing is evident in AM, as the feedstock for certain AM technologies is inherently nonconductive. Both material choice and fabrication technologies limitations are also discussed to highlight opportunities for growth. The review highlights how recent technological advancements have the potential to drive the healthcare industry toward achieving its primary goals.  相似文献   

    

Wafa Mustafa Saleh;Esam Bashir Yahya;Mardiana Idayu Ahmad;H. P. S. Abdul Khalil; 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2024,64(8):3993-4001

This study investigates the development and characterization of chitosan, gelatin, and chitosan/gelatin (Chi/Gel) bioaerogel composites through a facile and eco-friendly approach. The goal is to optimize their structural and functional properties for potential environmental and biomedical applications. Direct freezing and lyophilization approach were used to prepare the aerogels, the focus was on investigating the effects of blending ratios on the density, porosity, surface area, and water absorption capabilities of the aerogels. The results show that Chi/Gel 60/40 composition achieved an optimal balance of structural robustness and functional performance, characterized by a moderate density of 74.2 mg/cm3, the highest porosity among the samples at 93.5%, an impressive surface area of 184.8 m2/g, and a water absorption capacity of 28.8 g/g. These results suggest that the synergistic effect of chitosan and gelatin at specific ratios significantly enhances the overall properties of the material. Our findings suggest that Chi/Gel bioaerogels, especially the 60/40 composite, hold great promise for diverse applications.  相似文献   

    

Fereshteh Hosseini;Mohammad Bagher Habibi Najafi;Abdul Rasool Oromiehie;Mehdi Nasiri Mahalati;Masoud Yavarmanesh; 《Food Science & Nutrition》2024,12(4):2426-2435

Various studies have shown that natural colorants, in addition to their coloring attributes, have valuable biological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anticarcinogenic properties. Moreover, their use as a food colorant can restrict the potential disadvantages of synthetic additives and turn foods into functional products. In this study, in vitro antimicrobial activities of two natural colorants of bixin and curcumin against some important foodborne pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Listeria innocua (L. innocua), and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were investigated by disk diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values were determined by agar dilution and broth microdilution methods. The synergistic activity of the colorants against selected microorganisms was assayed by the checkerboard microdilution method. The results showed that the inhibitory effects of bixin against S. aureus were more pronounced than E. coli and L. innocua. The lowest concentration of curcumin (0.6 mg/mL) in the disk diffusion method was not inhibited by any tested bacteria. However, it was effective at the higher concentrations against three microorganisms, but its diameter of inhibition zones was lower than gentamicin in all concentrations. Synergetic effects were observed by curcumin and bixin combination against S. aureus (FICI ≤ 0.5), but they act as an antagonist against E. coli and L. innocua. The results of the synergy test were confirmed by the isobologram curves.  相似文献   

    

Karam M. Al-Obaidi  Mazran Ismail  Abdul Malek Abdul Rahman 《国际可持续能源杂志》2016,35(2):148-160

Vented attic is a design technique that provides a better solution to reduce solar heat gains trapped in a roof attic. However, its application in the tropical climate is very rare if not, ignored, especially in Malaysian houses. This paper seeks to identify, and compare the performance of attic ventilation by a single hybrid turbine ventilator for a specific volume under both unvented and vented conditions. The study was done in an actual roof attic (10 m³) located in Universiti Sains Malaysia. The results indicate that the reduction of the attic air temperature was 6.4°C, while stabilising the level of relative humidity to about 40–50% which is higher than that for an unvented attic by 10%. Furthermore, the findings reveal that by incorporating a 50 W poly-crystalline solar panel with a turbine ventilator of Ø 45 cm, the peak value of the attic air velocity had exceeded 1.3 m/s when the solar radiation was observed to be around 800 W/m².  相似文献   

    

Abdul Rohman  Anjar Windarsih  Sugeng Riyanto  Sudjadi  Shahrel Ahmad Shuhel Ahmad  Arieff Salleh Rosman 《International Journal of Food Properties》2016,19(3):680-687

Avocado oil is one of the functional oils having high quality and high price in the market. This oil shows many benefits for the human health and is applied in many cosmetic products. The authentication of avocado oil becomes very important due to the possible adulteration of avocado oil with other lower priced oils, such as palm oil and canola oil. In this study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using attenuated total reflectance in combination with chemometrics techniques of partial least squares and principal component regression is implemented to construct the quantification and classification models of palm oil and canola oil in avocado oil. Partial least squares at the wavenumbers region of 1260–900 cm^–1 revealed the best calibration models, having the highest coefficient of determination (R² = 0.999) and the lowest root mean square error of calibration, 0.80%, and comparatively low root mean square error of prediction, 0.79%, for analysis of avocado oil in the mixture with palm oil. Meanwhile, the highest R², root mean square error of calibration, and root mean square error of prediction values obtained for avocado oil in the mixture with canola oil at frequency region of 3025–2850 and 1260–900 cm^–1 were 0.9995, 0.83, and 0.64%, respectively.  相似文献   

    

St. Maryam  Sismindari  Tri Joko Raharjo  Sudjadi  Abdul Rohman 《International Journal of Food Properties》2016,19(1):187-195

The identifications of species in meat products have created interests since these foods became the target of forgery and fraud in the market. The presence of pork in food products is not allowed for the Muslim community. Hence, an analysis is necessary to detect the presence of pork in processed meat products, such as in dendeng (dried meat) product. Real time polymerase chain reaction using mitochondrial displacement loop686 and cytochrome b (cytb) gene primers was used to identify specific pork DNA among other four types of DNA species; namely beef, chicken, goat, and horse. This method was also used to identify pork DNA in the laboratory processed pork-beef dendeng as well as commercial dendeng from market. The results showed that real time polymerase chain reaction using displacement loop686 and cytb gene primers were able specifically to distinguish between pork DNA and the other species. The lowest concentration of 0.5% of pork DNA in a mixture of pork-beef processed products of dendeng was able to be detected by both primers with the product amplification of 114 and 134 bp (base pair) for the displacement loop686 and 149 bp for cytb gene, respectively. High sensitivity was also obtained when both primers were applied with the lowest detection limit of 5 pg/µL pork DNA. The results of the six commercial dendeng amplification using both primers showed no amplified products present, meaning that these products do not contain porcine DNA.  相似文献   

    

Ali Yassoralipour  Jamilah Bakar  Russly Abdul Rahman  Fatimah Abu Bakar 《International Journal of Food Properties》2016,19(12):2707-2717

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of packaging film on physicochemical properties, microbial profile, and biogenic amines content of barramundi (Lates calcarifer Bloch) fillets packed in polyamide, polypropylene, and low-density polyethylene films and kept at 8°C more than 20 days under modified atmosphere packaging. Putrescine and cadaverine were the most abundant amines, whereas the concentration of histamine ranged from less than 0.5 (not detected) to 198.0, 264.3, and 308.5 mg/kg for polyamide, polypropylene, and polyethylene (low-density polyethylene) films, respectively. Among the three, the psychrotrophic bacteria count was initially 4.26 log colony forming units/g and exceeded the acceptable limit of 7 log colony forming units/g on the 16th day of storage for polyamide and on 12th day of storage for polypropylene and polyethylene. However, the total plate count, among the three packaging films, was initially 3.54 log colony forming units/g and exceeded the acceptable limit of 6 log colony forming units/g on the 12th day of storage. The histamine-forming bacteria count was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in barramundi fillets packaged with polyamide compared to polypropylene and polyethylene. The significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between the concentration of amines in polyamide as compared with polypropylene and polyethylene. Among the three packaging materials, polyamide was found to be the best for prolonging the storage of barramundi fillets.  相似文献   

    

Anjum Nawab  Feroz Alam  Muhammad Abdul Haq  Abid Hasnain 《Starch - St?rke》2016,68(9-10):919-928

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Arfan Ali  Idrees Ahmad Nasir  Adnan Muzaffar  Muhammad Shahzad Iqbal  Abdul Qayyum Rao  Tayyab Husnain 《Journal of food quality》2016,39(4):301-310

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Chau‐Khun Ma  Abdullah Zawawi Awang  Wahid Omar  Maybelle Liang  Siow‐Wei Jaw  Mohammadamin Azimi 《Structural Concrete》2016,17(4):668-676

The load‐carrying capacity and deformability of concrete columns can be substantially enhanced by confining with post‐tensioned steel straps. As interest in high‐strength concrete (HSC) grows among structural engineers and researchers due to its superior performance, this confining technique is being extended to HSC columns with the hope that it can eliminate the undesired properties of HSC, especially its brittleness. However, experimental studies involving confined HSC columns subjected to eccentric loads are comparatively limited. It can be seen from past research that most studies of external confinement were conducted on small‐scale normal‐strength concrete (NSC) cylinders subjected to concentric loads. Since most columns are subjected to eccentric loads in reality, the scarcity of test data has prevented the potential of this confining technique from being fully exploited. In this paper, this confining technique is called the steel‐strapping tensioning technique (SSTT) for brevity. Nine HSC columns were tested under eccentric loads. The specimens were grouped into three groups with each group having an unconfined HSC column as a control specimen, a two‐layer SSTT‐confined HSC column and a four‐layer confined HSC column. The experimental results show that the flexural capacities of HSC columns can be enhanced with SSTT. The deformability of confined HSC columns is significantly improved with such confinement.  相似文献