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91.
Tolga Taner Mecit Sivrioğlu Hüseyin Topal Ahmet Selim Dalkılıç Somchai Wongwises 《Sadhana》2018,43(3):42
This study presents a case study of energy management in a sugar factory in Turkey. The main idea of the study is to analyse energy consumption, the quantity of material production, and figure out a suitable energy efficiency for the case study of a sugar factory subsequently. Firstly, a material production and energy consumption audit were performed for the sugar factory. Secondly, energy efficiency was calculated from the energy data. The SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) statistical software was used to ensure the accuracy of the data. The factory’s energy consumption was calculated as 43,590.25 toe (tons of oil equivalent) over the last year. These results were used for CUSUM (Cumulative Sum Deviation Method) graphics. This research poses the consumption of energy, cost of energy and the relationship between energy usage and material production of sugar. The unit of energy cost was 688.22 [$/toe] for the last year. This result showed that the factory decreased the unit of energy by optimisation. The results indicated that the investigated sugar factory should pay attention to the energy management issue in order to comply with the Energy Efficiency of Turkish Law and Directives. 相似文献
92.
Ahmet Ekicibil G?kmen Bulun Selda K?l?? ?etin Zafer Dikmen ?nder Orhun Tezer F?rat Kerim K?yma? 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》2012,25(2):435-440
In this study the origin of ferromagnetism in ZnO-based bulk systems has been investigated using Ni-doped ZnO samples, Zn1−x
Ni
x
O with 0.25≤x≤0.50, prepared by solid-state reactions. The structural characterizations indicated that the Ni2+ ions almost uniformly distributed in all the samples, and the samples have hexagonal wurtzite structure; however, when x is increased toward 0.50, a new NiO phase is formed. A ferromagnetism (FM) has been observed for all the samples at and below
the room temperature. In other words, the room temperature results of (M–H) curves show that the FM observed is intrinsic for all the Ni-doped ZnO samples. However, the saturated magnetizations decrease
gradually with increasing Ni concentration. This indicates that, in addition to FM, the excessive doping of Ni in ZnO also
causes an antiferromagnetic (AFM) contribution which increases with increasing Ni amount. This result is also supported by
the magnetization against temperature measurements. Furthermore, the trend of the ac-susceptibility (χ) versus temperature curves, measured under an ac-magnetic field of 100 Oe, also support our conclusion about the antiferromagnetic
contribution to ferromagnetism in our samples. 相似文献
93.
The selective separation of cobalt from acidic media, containing both equimolar and nonequimolar mixtures of cobalt and nickel, was examined by supported liquid membranes using Alamine 336 as mobile carrier dissolved in various diluents. The membrane support was microporous hydrophobic polypropylene Celgard 2500 (25 μm thick, 0.209 × 0.054 μm pore size and 55% porosity). Acetic acid-Na acetate buffer was used for the adjustment of the feed pH which was critical. Various parameters were experimentally studied and the optimum conditions were determined. 相似文献
94.
Hakan Demir Ahmet Koyun Ş. Özgür Atayılmaz Özden Ağra Ahmet Selim Dalkılıç 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2013,27(8):2497-2506
Heat transfer from finned pipes buried in the soil has been investigated using experimental, analytical and numerical techniques. The experimental setup consists of a ground source heat pump system and two separate ground heat exchangers. Constant surface temperature approach based on Carslaw and Jaeger’s theory study was used for calculating the heat transfer from the pipes analytically. The problem was modeled and solved using a CFD program numerically. Effects of the fin number, fin length and simulation time on the heat transfer rate have been investigated and compared with bare tube. A modified analytical formula was also proposed for finned pipes in this study. 相似文献
95.
Mehmet Uysal Ramazan Karslioğlu Ahmet Alp Hatem Akbulut 《Ceramics International》2013,39(5):5485-5493
Core–shell nanostructured Ni-coated Al2O3 composite powders were synthesised by using the electroless plating method. The influence of the chemical components and powder concentration in the Ni coating was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results show that the concentration of the plating components plays an important role in the formation of core–shell Al2O3/Ni composite powders. The nickel content in the composite powders could be effectively controlled by adjusting the nickel chloride content and the concentration of NaH2PO2·H2O in the plating solution. The nanostructure of the crystalline Ni coatings was observed to be very attractive for achieving good bonding between ceramic particles and matrices for composite production. 相似文献
96.
The reactions of cyclohexanone-formaldehyde-resin via its hydroxy and carbonyl functional groups with a number of different reagents such as acetic anhydride, benzoyl chloride, hydroxylamine, semicarbazide, and phenyl hydrazine were studied. Melting points, IR spectrums, and solubilities in various solvents of the products were determined. 相似文献
97.
Melek?Tuter H.?Ay?e?AksoyEmail author Guldem?Ustun Sergio?Riva Francesco?Secundo Serhat?ipekler 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2003,80(3):237-241
Selective hydrolysis of borage (Borago officinalis L.) oil was catalyzed by two lipase preparations of Nigella sativa L. seeds at 40°C in a mixture of borage oil, water, and hexane. Ammonium sulfate-precipitated lipase (Nigella PL) and lipase partially purified by DEAE-ion exchange chromatography (Nigella CPL) exhibited a negative specificity toward γ-linolenic acid (GLA). Best results were obtained in the experiments conducted
with 330 U/g oil of Nigella PL and 200 U/g oil of nigella CPL. When 330 U/g oil of Nigella PL was used, after 8 h the GLA level rose from 21.9% in the starting oil to 29.6 and 41.8% in TAG and DAG fractions of the product
mixtures, respectively (1.5-fold enrichment of GLA in the total unhydrolyzed acylglycerol fraction). At 200 U/g oil enzyme
concentration of Nigella CPL, after 77 h maximum GLA enrichment was observed in the DAG fraction. The GLA content of the DAG increased to 34.6%, corresponding
to almost 1.6-fold enrichment. The relative inability of Nigella sativa lipase(s) to hydrolyze γ-linolenoyl moieties of TAG can be used for the enrichment of this acid in the unhydrolyzed acylglycerol
fractions of GLA-containing oils. 相似文献
98.
Ahmet H. Aydilek 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,133(1):38-42
Existing research has shown that visual input significantly contributes to learning, therefore, it is paramount to use visual tools to help demonstrate engineering concepts. One of these tools, digital image analysis, can help effectively communicate complex concepts to students in a simple and understandable format as a supplement to traditional lecturing, while simultaneously enabling students to have hands-on experience. This note describes a series of activities to incorporate digital image analysis into engineering education. The undergraduate students worked in research projects that involved image-based analysis of geomaterials. Based on these activities and the students’ response to a questionnaire, it was recognized that digital image analysis can enhance the understanding of engineering phenomena for undergraduate students. The hands-on experience and visual demonstration improved the students’ grasp of fundamental concepts in research projects. The research experience allowed the students to build a connection between the classroom and the solution of state-of-the-art engineering scientific problems. It also taught them about cooperation and teamwork, as well as academic independence. 相似文献
99.
Murat Ali Bayir Ismail H. Toroslu Ahmet Cosar 《IEEE transactions on systems, man and cybernetics. Part C, Applications and reviews》2007,37(1):147-153
Producing answers to a set of queries with common tasks efficiently is known as the multiple-query optimization (MQO) problem. Each query can have several alternative evaluation plans, each with a different set of tasks. Therefore, the goal of MQO is to choose the right set of plans for queries which minimizes the total execution time by performing common tasks only once. Since MQO is an NP-hard problem, several, mostly heuristics based, solutions have been proposed for solving it. To the best of our knowledge, this correspondence is the first attempt to solve MQO using an evolutionary technique, genetic algorithms 相似文献
100.
Ahmet Avcı Nevzat İlkaya Mehmet Şimşir Ahmet Akdemir 《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2009,209(3):1410-1416
In the present experimental study, strengthening of gray cast iron by reinforcing with steel plates was investigated in the as-cast and normalized conditions. Normalizing heat treatments were applied to the specimens at temperatures of 800 °C and 850 °C. Three-point bend specimens were manufactured from gray cast iron and also from gray cast iron with reinforced steel plates. Flexural strengths of the steel-plate-reinforced cast iron were calculated for four distinct volume fractions (Vr = 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, and 0.16). The current study shows that the steel-plate-reinforced gray cast iron has higher flexural strength and flexural modulus than the cast iron without reinforcement. The flexural strength considerably increases with slight increase in normalization temperature. Optical and scanning electron microscopy analyses were used to examine flake morphology and microstructures of gray cast iron and steel-plate-reinforced gray cast iron. It is noted that carbon diffuses from the gray cast iron to the steel plates. A transition region containing partially dissolved graphite and having high hardness was observed due to the carbon diffusion. 相似文献