The educational and work experiences of psychology graduates of the College of Wooster: 1966–1980.

Investigated the educational and work experiences of 311 Ss graduating during the period 1966–1980 with a psychology degree. 28% of the job titles were within education and 22% were within business. At the paraprofessional level (BA degree), a significant number (15%) of Ss were employed in human services. Thus, for a majority of job titles, psychology seems to have been the appropriate undergraduate major. (8 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Immediate and delayed effects of using a classroom case exemplar in teacher education: The role of presentation format.

Students learned teaching principles either with or without (control group) the presentation of a classroom exemplar in video or text format. Across 2 experiments, the video group produced higher transfer scores and affective ratings than the other groups. Four weeks later, the video group recalled more information about the exemplar than the text group, but no treatment effects were found on transfer. Qualitative analyses (Experiment 2) showed that the video group produced a significantly larger number of modeled behaviors in the transfer test than the text (immediate) and control (immediate and delayed) groups. Results encourage using classroom video exemplars to promote students' affect and retention, but suggest that additional pedagogies are needed to promote longer term transfer of theory into practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Efficiently searching a graph by a smell-oriented vertex process

Efficient graph search is a central issue in many aspects of AI. In most of existing work there is a distinction between the active “searcher”, which both executes the algorithm and holds the memory, and the passive “searched graph”, over which the searcher has no control at all. Large dynamic networks like the Internet, where the nodes are powerful computers and the links have narrow bandwidth and are heavily-loaded, call for a different paradigm, in which most of the burden of computing and memorizing is moved from the searching agent to the nodes of the network. In this paper we suggest a method for searching an undirected, connected graph using the Vertex-Ant-Walk method, where an a(ge)nt walks along the edges of a graph G, occasionally leaving “pheromone” traces at nodes, and using those traces to guide its exploration. We show that the ant can cover the graph within time O(nd), where n is the number of vertices and d the diameter of G. The use of traces achieves a trade-off between random and self-avoiding walks, as it dictates a lower priority for already-visited neighbors. Further properties of the suggested method are: (a) modularity: a group of searching agents, each applying the same protocol, can cooperate on a mission of covering a graph with minimal explicit communication between them; (b) possible convergence to a limit cycle: a Hamiltonian path in G (if one exists) is a possible limit cycle of the process. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Fuzzy set theory applications in production management research: a literature survey

Fuzzy set theory has been used to model systems that are hard to define precisely. As a methodology, fuzzy set theory incorporates imprecision and subjectivity into the model formulation and solution process. Fuzzy set theory represents an attractive tool to aid research in production management when the dynamics of the production environment limit the specification of model objectives, constraints and the precise measurement of model parameters. This paper provides a survey of the application of fuzzy set theory in production management research. The literature review that we compiled consists of 73 journal articles and nine books. A classification scheme for fuzzy applications in production management research is defined. We also identify selected bibliographies on fuzzy sets and applications.     

Mental retardation: Some conceptions and dilemmas.

Uncertainties about causes, expression, and treatment of mental retardation will not yield to simplistic unidimensional models that fail to take into account a vast array of dynamically interacting biological, social, and ecological variables. Issues concerning mental retardation cut across major conceptual dilemmas that have long confronted psychology, biology, and sociology: What is the nature of intelligence? To what extent can environment influence outcome? What level of theoretical construction will produce our most useful bases for social policy? The problems are complex: The solutions can be no less. The time has come to develop a new definition of mental retardation, accompanied by reliable methods to assess and classify children's intellectual and social competence in relation to a valid taxonomy of environments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Modeling the user's conceptual knowledge in BGP-MS,a user modeling shell system1

The paper describes the modeling of a user's conceptual knowledge in the general user modeling shell system BGP-MS. On the one hand, BGP-MS is a workbench for the develment of a user model in a particular application domain. It supports the definition of the architecture of the individual user model, and of the architecture and the contents of user stereotypes. A rich representation language for conceptual knowledge, a partition mechanism, and flexible graphics-based interfaces are at the disposal of the user model developer. On the other hand, BGP-MS is a runtime user modeling tool aimed at fulfilling central tasks of a user modeling component in an application system. In this mode, the system offers a functional interface for accessing and updating the model of the current user, as well as basic domain-independent inference mechanisms, support for inferences defined by the developer, and a customizable stereotype management utility. The usefulness of BGP-MS will be demonstrated by illustrating how it can support the user modeling of various recently developed application systems.     

Zeitstandversuche an kohlenstofffreien Legierungen

Zeitstandversuche an drei Eisenlegierungen ohne Kohlenstoff, Silicium und Mangan, aber mit 0 oder 0,6% Mo und 0 oder 1 % Cr, bei 500 und 550°C. Vergleiche mit Stählen mit 0,15% C und üblichen Silicium- und Mangangehalten.     

COGNITIVE SENSITIVITY TO AVERSIVE MATERNAL STIMULATION IN LATE-ADOLESCENT MALES.

THE DEGREE OF INTERFERENCE PRODUCED BY SIMULATED MATERNAL CENSURE AND CONTROL WITH THE COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE OF LATE ADOLESCENTS WHO PERCEIVED THEIR MOTHERS AS CONTROLLING AND HOSTILE (HC-LN) WAS USED TO IDENTIFY SS WHO HAD ADAPTED TO THESE AVERSIVE MATERNAL CUES AND THOSE WHO HAD NOT. CONTROLS HAD LOW-CONTROL, HIGH NURTURANCE (LC-HN) MOTHERS. SS WERE 40 MALE STUDENTS. COMPARISON OF DISRUPTED AND NONDISRUPTED HC-LN MALES ON THE MMPI FOUND DISRUPTED SS HIGHER ON THE MA SCALE AND NONDISRUPTED SS HIGHER ON THE D SCALE. NO MMPI DIFFERENCES WERE FOUND FOR CONTROLS. IT WAS PROPOSED THAT INNER-DIRECTEDNESS (HIGH D) WAS ASSOCIATED WITH ADAPTATION TO AVERSIVE MATERNAL CUES, OUTER-DIRECTEDNESS (HIGH MA), WITH NONADAPTATION. OVERALL GROUP COMPARISONS SHOWED HC-LN SS HIGHER ON THE D, PT, SC, AND SI SCALES THAN LC-HN SS. (22 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Ether-containing lipids of the slime mold,Physarum polycephalum: I. Characterization and quantification

Rapidly growing plasmodia of the acellular slime mold,Physarum polycephalum, contain large amounts of ether-linked lipids. The ether bonds occur principally in the phospholipids, where plasmalogens account for 21–24 mole per cent of the total and alkyl ether phospholipids comprise 12 mole per cent of the total. Plasmalogens account for over half of the ethanolamine phosphatides, while the alkyl ether derivatives are more uniformly distributed among the various phospholipid fractions. The 16 carbon side chain is by far the major component of both the saturated and the α,β-unsaturated ether derivatives. The nature and amounts of ether lipids present inPhysarum add to the growing evidence that Myxomycetes are more closely related to protozoa than to fungi.