Superparamagnetic Twist‐Type Actuators with Shape‐Independent Magnetic Properties and Surface Functionalization for Advanced Biomedical Applications

Directed nanoparticle self‐organization and two‐photon polymerization are combined to enable three‐dimensional soft‐magnetic microactuators with complex shapes and shape‐independent magnetic properties. Based on the proposed approach, single and double twist‐type swimming microrobots with programmed magnetic anisotropy are demonstrated, and their swimming properties in DI‐water are characterized. The fabricated devices are actuated using weak rotating magnetic fields and are capable of performing wobble‐free corkscrew propulsion. Single twist‐type actuators possess an increase in surface area in excess of 150% over helical actuators with similar feature size without compromising the forward velocity of over one body length per second. A generic and facile combination of glycine grafting and subsequent protein immobilization exploits the actuator's increased surface area, providing for a swimming microrobotic platform with enhanced load capacity desirable for future biomedical applications. Successful surface modification is confirmed by FITC fluorescence.     

微生物驱油过程中配气对菌群结构及驱油效果的影响

为揭示油藏条件下微生物驱油过程中配注空气对菌群结构及驱油效果的影响规律,通过岩心驱替模拟实验研究了配气量对微生物驱驱油效率的影响,并通过显微镜、高通量测序仪和气相色谱分析了产出液中的菌群和小分子酸的动态变化。结果表明,微生物驱油过程中,配注空气量对菌群结构及驱油效果的影响显著。配注不同体积的空气激活微生物作用后产生了明显的驱替效果,并且随着配气量的增加驱替效率升高并逐渐稳定,液气比为1∶5时的驱替效率最高(8.77%)。随配气量增加产出液中菌数升高,不同类型的功能微生物被激活,其中4类主要优势功能菌占整个菌群比例的67%,功能微生物主要以产表面活性剂和乳化剂的芽孢杆菌和假单胞菌为主。配气量为液气比1∶5时微生物群落shannon多样性指数最高,代谢产生的小分子酸浓度较高,微生物代谢活性最佳。液气比1∶5可以作为现场实际配气的选择依据。图3表3参19     

Optimal display conditions for quantitative analysis of stereoscopic cerebral angiograms

For several years the authors have been using a stereoscopic display as a tool in the planning of stereotactic neurosurgical techniques. This PC-based workstation allows the surgeon to interact with and view vascular images in three dimensions, as well as to perform quantitative analysis of the three-dimensional (3-D) space. Some of the perceptual issues relevant to the presentation of medical images on this stereoscopic display were addressed in five experiments. The authors show that a number of parameters-namely the shape, color, and depth cue, associated with a cursor-as well as the image filtering and observer position, have a role in improving the observer's perception of a 3-D image and his ability to localize points within the stereoscopically presented 3-D image. However, an analysis of the results indicates that while varying these parameters can lead to an effect on the performance of individual observers, the effects are not consistent across observers, and the mean accuracy remains relatively constant under the different experimental conditions.     

强闪光烟火药过载能力的实验研究

采用大落锤冲击装置模拟研究了强闪光烟火药的过载能力。实验结果表明:强闪光烟火药在装药密度为1.9×103kg.m-3,实验加载应力653 MPa,装药长度为40 mm时承受的过载为8.59×105g(g=10 m.s-2);在加载应力小于653 MPa范围内,强过载产生的热点不能引燃该强闪光药柱。原因可能是(1)强闪光烟火药中氧化剂的热分解温度和可燃物的着火点很高,难以诱发反应;(2)装药质量得到很大改善,热点产生源减少;(3)压药过程使得KC lO4和铝粉的接触面积增大,热点源产生的热量可以通过金属颗粒较迅速向其周围传递,以致热点熄灭。     

镁合金新兴非熔剂净化工艺的研究及应用

镁合金高温熔炼过程中极易发生氧化燃烧,铸件中气体及夹杂等缺陷的出现便不可避免,针对此问题概述了几种传统的净化工艺及实际使用中遇到的一些问题。重点综述了多种新兴的非熔剂净化工艺,包括电磁净化、超声波净化、稀土净化、复合净化工艺及各自的优缺点,介绍了净化工艺的模拟现状,明确了今后研究工作的重点(探索高效、简洁的镁熔体净化工艺),并结合现状对未来我国镁产业的发展进行了展望。     

网络信息安全技术综述

阐述了网络信息安全的三个组成方面,具体分析了在实际应用中的网络安全技术手段,探讨了国内外研究开发网络信息安全技术的现状、发展趋势及我们所应着重采取的策略.     

p-nitrobenzonitrile纳米有机薄膜的超高密度信息存储研究

采用扫描隧道显微镜（STM）在p-nitrobenzonitrile(PNBN)单体有机薄膜上进行信息记录点的写入研究。通过在STM针尖和高定向裂解石墨（HOPG）衬底之间施加一系列的电压脉冲进行信息记录点的写入,得到了一个信息点点径小于1nm,对应存储密度高达10^13 bit/cm^2的信息存储点阵,电流－电压（I－V）曲线表明,薄膜上非信息点存储区域是高电阻区,而信息点存储区域是导电区,具有0－1信息存储特性,PNBN单体有机薄膜的存储机制可能是规则排列的PNBN分子在强电场作用下由有序向无序的转变,使得薄膜的电阻由高阻态向低阻态转变,从而实现信息点的写入。     

机载双波长偏振激光雷达探测大气气溶胶分布

为了满足在区域尺度上大气气溶胶垂直分布的探测需求,在中国科学院重大科技基础设施项目“航空遥感系统”的资助下,研制了机载双波长偏振激光雷达。本文介绍了该机载激光雷达的主要功能和性能参数,以及在华北地区开展的飞行观测实验,取得的结果表明,该机载激光雷达性能稳定,其探测精度达到设计要求,可以为污染源的识别和传输路径的探测提供高时空分辨率的数据,为认知大气气溶胶的微物理特性和分类提供了重要的机载遥感平台。     

高补偿硅的光敏感特性

对电阻率为5 ·cm的p型单晶硅,在高温条件下采用扩散金属锰的方法,得到高补偿硅。并在室温(25℃)和液氮温度(196℃)下,测试了这种高补偿硅材料对光强的敏感性。测试结果表明:这种材料是一种光敏感材料,其敏感性受外加的电压、样品的温度及补偿后样品的电阻率影响。