基于小波分析的工业X射线照片的图像处理

数字化的X射线图像存在噪声且对比度差，给缺陷识别带来一定难度。在图像分解的基础上，利用小波分析对工业X射线图像进行去噪和增强处理，能够有效地改善图像质量，有利于电脑平片的实现。     

粘结层粗糙度对YSZ涂层热震性能的影响

目的 提高YSZ涂层的服役寿命.方法 采用火焰喷涂和等离子喷涂的方法,在GH4169高温合金上分别制备NiCoCrAlY粘结层和8YSZ陶瓷层.在制备陶瓷层之前,通过低压喷砂的方法对粘结层表面进行处理,改变粘结层的表面粗糙度.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、3D测量激光显微镜,表征涂层的物相、微观形貌和表面粗糙度.使用马弗炉进行1100℃的热震实验,表征YSZ涂层的热震性能.结果 通过喷涂方法制备的粘结层,表面较为粗糙,喷砂处理后,有效地改善了表面情况,表面粗糙度下降了1～3μm.随着热震实验的进行,陶瓷层和粘结层中间形成的热生长氧化物(TGO)不断增厚.喷砂处理后,涂层的氧化速率降低.热震实验后,涂层边缘处会萌生微裂纹,随着裂纹的累积扩展,最终贯通,形成局部的涂层剥离.失效前后,YSZ没有相变发生.结论 涂层失效多发生在TGO界面处,粘结层的高温氧化引起TGO层生长增厚,会导致涂层的失效.平整的TGO生长界面可以减少接触面,降低粘结层的氧化速率.平整界面可以避免局部起伏造成的TGO过度生长.经过表面喷砂处理改善粘结层粗糙度的涂层,具有更优异的抗热震性能.TGO层的形成和生长,容易导致微裂纹的萌生和扩展.粘结层表面处理后,能够为TGO的形成和生长提供相对平整的界面,有效提高TGO的质量,进而提高涂层的抗热震性能.     

Ozone in the United States of America -- State-Of-The-Art

Applications for ozone in the United States have evolved through a lengthy maturation process, which began with drinking water treatment (taste/odor/color removal) in the early 1900s, and grew slowly until acceleration began in the mid-1980s. Although deodorization became a stable market in the 1960s-1970s, these applications were small, for the most part. One of the largest uses for ozone is oxidation of process chemicals in the chemical industry, which began in the USA about the 1940s, and subsequently has spread worldwide. Today, thanks primarily to environmental regulatory pressures which began to impact ozone in the mid-1980s, ozone now is used increasingly in the USA for drinking water treatment and for some municipal and industrial wastewater applications. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recognized the growing importance of ozone (> 200 drinking water plants use ozone today), and has appointed IOA representatives to two of its regulatory development committees as stakeholders. Several U.S. cities have installed or are installing wastewater treatment processes for potable reuse purposes, which include the use of ozone. Three full-scale U.S. pulp bleaching plants use tons/day quantities of ozone. Smaller applications for ozone include water treatment for cooling tower waters (biofouling control), swimming pools and spas, marine aquaria, bottled water disinfection and maintenance of high purity waters in the pharmaceuticals and electronics industries. A new application for ozone is in commercial laundries to reduce energy costs and replace chemicals. In mid-1997, a public declaration was made by an expert panel that ozone is Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) for contact with foods. This declaration opens the door for ozone to be used in U.S. food processing industries. U.S. research scientists and engineers are at the forefront in studies which define the technical aspects of ozone technologies in a variety of applications employing advanced oxidation, including the treatment of hazardous wastes, groundwater remediation, and process water recovery and reuse in the semi-conductor industry.     

压榨橡胶辊的损坏现象及应对措施

介绍了纸机压榨胶辊的常见损坏现象,分析其损坏原因,提出了应对措施。     

大米微粉碎工艺特点及参数

介绍了大米（碎米）微粉碎工艺特点及在米微粉的开发价值，计算民微粉碎循环气流网路的总风量和总阻力，说明利用一台风机和循环气流网络，在对设备和物料进行降温、冷却的同时，能完成对物料输送、分级及产品收集等任务。空气能量利用率高。     

无压流圆形断面水力计算的迭代法

无压流圆形断面水力计算中的正常水深、临界水深求解无显函数形式的表达公式,传统计算采用试算或查图进行。现通过均匀流公式和临界流方程导出了无压流圆形断面临界水深、正常水深水力计算的迭代公式,并给出了满足无压输水隧洞要求净空面积不小于全断面面积的15%,或净空高度不小于0.4m条件时的界限洞径与界限流量计算式,也给出了均匀流最大水深与最大流量的判别关系式,计算过程采用迭代法进行。经检验迭代公式具有较好的收敛性和较高精度。     

Sex ratio and reproduction of invasive red devil, (Amphilophus labiatus: Cichlidae) in Lake Sentani,Indonesia

The Red Devil Cichlid Amphilophus labiatus (Günther 1864), native to Lake Nicaragua and Lake Managua in Central America, is widely cultivated as an attractive, yet aggressive, aquarium fish that has been introduced to several freshwater locations around the world. It was recently introduced into Lake Sentani in Indonesian New Guinea, a naturally rich aquatic habitat home exhibiting a diverse fauna with high endemism. To better understand the invasive potential and impacts of A. labiatus, the present study was undertaken to describe the sex ratio and reproductive potential of A. labiatus in Lake Sentani through determination of its gonad maturation stages, gonado‐somatic index and fecundity. The fish were collected using floating gill nets at six locations around the lake between June and August 2019. Sex identification, gonads type, gonad stage and weight, fecundity were observed in the laboratory. Of the total 542 of A. labiatus collected during the survey, 345 individuals were sampled for sex ratio and reproduction. The overall male:female ratio was skewed towards males in a ratio of 3.28:1. The males were generally found to be in the gonad maturation stage I, while the females were commonly found in gonad maturation stages III and IV for all sampling locations during the study period. The highest male mean GSI value was found for the Yakonde site (0.24 ± 0.21) and at the Ayapo site (1.11 ± 1.01) for the females, with a fecundity of 191–2,720 eggs. The fish have spread to most parts of the lake, being conditioned to potentially spawn at any location, thereby providing an explanation for the observed rapid increase of the A. labiatus population over the last ten years. The results of the present study suggest a high invasive potential for this species in this and other similar lake habitats, warning that their careful management should be undertaken to restrict their further spread in Indonesia and elsewhere.     

东北地区火电厂项目水土保持监测

本文结合大唐长春第三热电厂新建工程水土保持监测经验。分析东北地区火电厂项目建设过程中的水土流失危害及影响,提出水土保持监测工作的方式方法、对策及建议。     

河床式电站大坝泄洪流场的三维数值模拟

 在1∶100水工模型试验的基础上,应用k-ε流数值模型,采用VOF方法,对低水头大流量河床式电站大坝泄洪流场进行了三维数值模拟。将计算得出的各工况下泄洪闸闸室及下游流场的流态,水面线,闸室内流速、压力分布等水力特性值与试验数据对比,发现计算值与试验值基本吻合。说明所选择的紊流数学模型,建立基本控制方程以及求解数学模型的离散方法是比较可靠的,可以为工程设计提供参考。