可靠性试验自动测试系统的设计

介绍基于GPIB技术的可靠性试验自动测试系统的设计,详细阐述了该系统的硬件组成和软件编程。该自动测试系统不仅具有很高的测试效率和测试精度,而且操作简单,具有良好的扩展性,适用于通用雷达装备板级可靠性试验的评估与验证。经过长时间的试验测试以及获得的大量数据表明,该可靠性试验测试系统运行稳定可靠,数据采集、存储、分析方便,满足通用雷达可靠性试验的测试要求。     

电解质溶液对电化学除氯效果的影响

电解质溶液是电化学除盐过程中必备的物质条件之一,着重研究不同电解质对电化学除盐效果的影响。试验结果表明:在0.1mol/LNa3BO3溶液中和饱和Ca(OH)2溶液的除盐效果相差不大,且除盐效率比较好;无论在哪种电解质中进行电化学除盐,混凝土中的Cl-含量以钢筋为中心由内及外呈梯度递增分布;而K+、Na+等阳离子含量则是由内及外呈梯度递减的规律,且内层含量远远高于外层含量。     

Editorial

On the start occasion of the New Year, 2010, we would like to extendour sincere appreciations and compliments to all readers, authors,reviewers, all the members of the editorial board of Optoelectronics     

连续识别Zn2+和草甘膦荧光探针的合成与应用

以2-巯基苯并噻唑为原料,设计合成了一种结构简单的苯并噻唑类荧光探针2-[2-(苯并噻吩-2-基亚甲基)肼基]苯并噻唑(简称NSS),并通过FTIR、HRMS、¹HNMR、¹³CNMR对其结构进行了表征。荧光光谱表明,在二甲基亚砜中,探针NSS实现了Zn²⁺的“关-开”型检测,具有响应时间短(30 s)、特异性强、抗干扰性强等优点。探针NSS荧光强度与Zn²⁺浓度(0～11μmol/L)呈现良好的线性关系,检出限达19.1 nmol/L,并与Zn²⁺形成物质的量比为1∶1的络合物。同时,络合物NSS-Zn²⁺对草甘膦呈现特异性的荧光猝灭响应,猝灭率达99.4%,检出限16.0 nmol/L(2.71 ng/mL),且不受其他有机磷农药的干扰。     

采前喷施保鲜剂对蓝莓贮藏品质的影响

以粉蓝蓝莓为试验材料,通过采前喷施不同保鲜剂(800mg/L纳他霉素、1 000mg/Lε-聚赖氨酸、800mg/L壳聚糖),采后于(0.5±0.5)℃冷藏,研究蓝莓果实生理品质的变化。结果表明:采前不同保鲜剂处理均能降低蓝莓果实的腐烂率,延缓蓝莓鲜果的硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量及花色苷含量的降低,降低蓝莓鲜果呼吸强度及乙烯生成速率,维持较好的过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、脂氧合酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性,并有效降低蓝莓霉菌及酵母菌的菌落总数。采前喷施800mg/L纳他霉素对蓝莓果实的贮藏效果最好,能有效抑制蓝莓的衰老进程,维持更好的贮藏效果。     

车用汽油机活塞销座轴承润滑特性

利用活塞、连杆系统多体动力学分析结合弹性流体动力学润滑(EHL)模型,研究了活塞销座轴承的润滑特性.首先建立了活塞、活塞销和连杆的有限元模型,利用Craig-Bampton方法对其进行了自由度缩减以降低求解规模,然后在活塞销座轴承和连杆小头轴承引入EHL润滑模型,计算了活塞销座轴承的油膜厚度、油膜压力和干接触压力等轴承润滑特性参数.研究了是否考虑活塞和活塞销的结构弹性及油膜空穴对计算结果可能产生的影响,分析了活塞销孔间隙、活塞销刚度和活塞销孔几何形状等参数对其润滑特性的影响,用不同形状销孔的润滑特性计算结果解释了发动机热拉伤试验中出现的活塞销孔拉伤情况.结果表明:活塞和活塞销的结构弹性及油膜空穴是汽油机活塞销座轴承分析中不可忽略的影响因素;活塞销刚度和活塞销孔几何形状对活塞销座轴承润滑特性有重要的影响.     

Microstructure and biocorrosion behaviors of solution treated and as-extruded Mg–2.2Nd–xSr–0.3Zr alloys

Mg–2.2Nd–xSr–0.3Zr alloys (x=0, 0.4 and 0.7, mass fraction, %) were prepared by gravity casting. Solution treatment was conducted on the as-cast alloys to homogenize microstructure, and hot extrusion was subsequently conducted. Microstructure was observed using an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Biocorrosion behaviors of the alloy in simulated body fluid were analyzed by mass loss, hydrogen evolution and Tafel polarization experiments. The results show that the amount of residual eutectic phase of the solution treated alloys increases with increasing Sr addition, and the grains are significantly refined after hot extrusion. The corrosion resistance of the solution treated alloys deteriorates apparently with increasing Sr addition, while the corrosion resistance of the as-extruded alloys is improved with Sr addition. Nevertheless, the biocorrosion behavior of the as-extruded alloys obtained by Tafel polarization shows different trends from those obtained by the other two methods.     

Corneal scarring in the Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus (CLEK) Study: baseline prevalence and repeatability of detection

Fibroblast growth factor-16 (FGF-16) is the most recent member of the FGF family to be cloned. Since the biologic activity of rat FGF-16 (rFGF-16) was unknown, and this protein has no apparent signal sequence, we transformed its entire cDNA into Escherichia coli for high-level expression and further characterization of this novel protein. An attempt was made to purify the expressed protein from the supernatant of mechanically lysed cells using sequential cation-exchange chromatography. This resulted in a gradual loss of the protein as precipitate throughout the purification process. In addition to precipitation during purification, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the partially purified materials showed a cluster of protein bands around 20k to 29k. Sequence analysis of the major bands indicated that two N-terminal truncations had occurred, during E. coli fermentation, purification, or both. The largest truncation resulted in the removal of the 34 N-terminal amino acids, including the initiation codon methionine. We cloned d34 rFGF-16, expressed the gene in E. coli, and developed a purification process for this form. Even with this truncated form, precipitation was a problem. We were largely able to overcome this problem, however, by including EDTA throughout the purification process. We have characterized the structure of purified d34 rFGF-16 extensively using circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and sedimentation velocity analysis. These studies revealed that the protein has a distinct tertiary structure, consists primarily of beta-strands, has a weak tendency to self-associate, and is fairly extended. We then performed biologic assays which showed that d34 rFGF-16 induces oligodendrocyte proliferation in vitro, and induces hepatocellular proliferation and increased liver weight in vivo. In summary, FGF-16, a novel FGF family member, has both unique structural and biological properties.     

Secondary structure mapping of an RNA ligand that has high affinity for the MetJ repressor protein and interference modification analysis of the protein-RNA complex

The secondary structure of an RNA aptamer, which has a high affinity for the Escherichia coli MetJ repressor protein, has been mapped using ribonucleases and with diethyl pyrocarbonate. The RNA ligand is composed of a stem-loop with a highly structured internal loop. Interference modification showed that the bases within the internal loop, and those directly adjacent to it, are important in the binding of the RNA ligand to MetJ. Most of the terminal stem-loop could be removed with little effect on the binding. Ethylation interference suggests that none of the phosphate groups are absolutely essential for tight binding. The data suggest that the MetJ binding site on the aptamer is distinct from that of the natural DNA target, the 8-base pair Met box.     

Control of glycogen synthesis in cultured human muscle cells

The regulation of glycogen synthesis and associated enzymes was studied in human myoblasts and myotubes maintained in culture. Both epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin stimulated glycogen synthesis approximately 2-fold, this stimulation being accompanied by a rapid and stable activation of the controlling enzyme glycogen synthase (GS). EGF also caused inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) and activation of the alpha isoform of protein kinase B (PKB) with the time-course and magnitude of its effects being similar to those induced by insulin. An inhibitor of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway did not prevent stimulation of GS by EGF, suggesting that this pathway is not essential for the effect. A partial decrease in the fold activation of GS was, however, observed when p70(S6k) activation was blocked with rapamycin, suggesting a contribution of this pathway to the control of GS by either hormone. Wortmannin, a selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI-3 kinase) completely blocked the effects of both EGF and insulin in these cells. These results demonstrate that EGF, like insulin, activates glycogen synthesis in muscle, acting principally via the PKB/GSK-3 pathway but with a contribution from a rapamycin-sensitive component that lies downstream of PI-3 kinase.