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81.
Lin Ray Y. Warner Sunil G. Blue Craig A. Chen C. C. Eppich Chris A. Blue Randall A. 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》1994,46(3):26-30
JOM - Infrared processing is a newly developed technique for materials processing. Key features include rapid processing, simplicity, and low cost. Because of the rapid processing, very little... 相似文献
82.
Amitava Moitra Sungho Kim Seong-Gon Kim Seong Jin Park Randall M. German Mark F. Horstemeyer 《Acta Materialia》2010,58(11):3939-3951
Atomistic simulations focusing on sintering of crystalline tungsten powders at the submicroscopic level are performed to shed light on the processing on the nanoscale powders. The neck growth and shrinkage were calculated during these sintering simulations, making it possible to extend these results to the evolution of global physical properties that occurs during sintering. The densification and grain growth during sintering were calculated with variations in temperature, pressure, particle configuration and crystalline misalignment between particles. These findings lay the foundation for a virtual approach to setting the processing cycles and materials design applicable to nanoscale powders. 相似文献
83.
84.
Kazutaka Fujiwara Soonil Lee Niall Donnelly Takashi Yamaguchi Clive A. Randall 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2009,92(11):2634-2641
A series of composite, negative temperature coefficient (NTC) ceramics were carefully processed with compositions based on the Y(Cr,Mn)O3 +Y2 O3 system and these were investigated for resistance stability in hostile environments. This specific system is of interest for high-temperature automobile thermistors, however either through the processing or in use of these, materials can be exposed to reducing atmospheres at temperatures around 900°–1000°C. The thermochemical processes at intermediate temperatures and low <10−10 atm can influence the resistance of the given ceramics. Through an impedance analysis it is determined that the resistance increase is associated primarily with a grain boundary resistance increase. The grain and grain boundary elements are modeled through parallel constant phase element and resistance equivalent circuits connected in series. Possible origins of the defect chemistry being controlled through high-temperature processes at the sintering are partial Schottky reactions that are compensated through a superoxidation reaction on cooling and aging. The reduction process reversed the superoxidation reaction and transited the grain boundary surfaces to ionically compensated B-site vacancies with oxygen vacancies. 相似文献
85.
Seokyoung Ahn Seong Jin Park Shiwoo Lee Sundar V. Atre Randall M. German 《Powder Technology》2009,193(2):162-169
It is essential to study and optimize multiple objective functions such as binder system design, feedstock, part geometry, mold design, and processing conditions in order to develop a successful powder injection molding process. A powder with different combinations of binder systems and a binder system with different combinations of powder systems were investigated with a combined experimental and simulation study. First, an experimental rheological study was performed to evaluate the influence of the powder/binder combinations on the rheological behavior and thermal stability of carbonyl iron and stainless steel powder injection molding (PIM) feedstocks. Second, based on the characterization of the feedstock, the simulation study revealed that the pressure-related parameters such as wall shear stress, injection pressure, and clamping force were mainly dependent on the binder system and not much on the powder characteristics, in the range of particle attributes studied. Third, to the temperature-related parameters such as melt front temperature difference and cooling time, binder selection is more critical than powder selection. Fourth, for the velocity-related parameter, maximum shear rate, the selection of both powder and binder system is critical in control. It is demonstrated that the simulation study is essential in the development stage for successful PIM. 相似文献
86.
87.
Ken Tan Zheng-Wei Wang Hua Li Ming-Xian Yang Christian W. W. Pirk H. Randall Hepburn Sarah E. Radloff 《Journal of chemical ecology》2010,36(9):966-968
In dequeened honeybee colonies ovarian activation occurs in some workers, and the pheromonal bouquets of these laying workers
become more queen-like. In the Asiatic honeybee, Apis cerana, we compared the amount of 9-keto-2(E)-decenoic acid (9-ODA), a mandibular gland pheromone component, between non-laying workers from queenright colonies and laying
workers from queenless colonies, and further, applied synthetic 9-ODA to workers to determine whether they discriminate workers
with activated ovaries based on the level of this compound. Levels of 9-ODA were higher in laying workers from dequeened colonies
than in non-laying workers from queenright colonies. In both queenright and queenless colonies, workers attacked more workers
treated with 9-ODA than control-treated workers. These results suggest that detection of pseudoqueens in A. cerana is mediated by changes in 9-ODA. 相似文献
88.
Xinyi Xu Randall E. Youngman Saurabh Kapoor Ashutosh Goel 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(10):5030-5049
If the direct feed approach to vitrify the Hanford's tank waste is implemented, the low activity waste (LAW) will comprise higher concentrations of alkali/alkaline-earth sulfates than expected under the previously proposed vitrification scheme. To ensure a minimal impact of higher sulfate concentrations on the downstream operations and overall cost of vitrification, advanced glass formulations with enhanced sulfate loadings (solubility) are needed. While, the current sulfate solubility predictive models have been successful in designing LAW glasses with sulfate loadings <2 wt.%, it will be difficult for them to design glass compositions with enhanced loadings due to our limited understanding of the fundamental science governing these processes. In this pursuit, this article unearths the underlying compositional and structural drivers controlling the sulfate solubility in model LAW glasses. It has been shown that the preferentially removes non-framework cations from the modifier sites in the silicate network, thus, leading to the polymerization in the glass network via the formation of ring-structured borosilicate units. Furthermore, though the sulfate solubility slightly decreases with increasing Li+/Na+ in the glasses, the prefers to be charge compensated by Na+, as it is easier for to break Na–O bonds instead of Li–O bonds. 相似文献
89.
Hyunjun Kim Brahim Akdim James Park Woo-Yong Jang Randall S. Hay Augustine M. Urbas Christopher Woodward 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(11):5659-5670
High-throughput computation, based on density functional theory (HT-DFT), is used to predict the bounds for optical transparency, from the ultraviolet to the infrared, for materials in the pyrochlore family. The HT-DFT approach adopted here uses an initial screening from Materials-Project database, with millions of calculated properties. Band gaps and phonon spectra were calculated from selected pyrochlore crystal structures taken from the Materials Project database. Short and long wavelength bounds for optical transparency were calculated for chemistries with stable, cubic structures. The calculations predict that La2Ce2O7 has one of the broadest range of transparency for the pyrochlore family. Based on these calculations, dense polycrystalline samples of La2Ce2O7 were produced by sintering and hot-isostatic pressing. Transparency was characterized by methods that did not require large samples with high optical quality, obtaining 7.15 and 7.5 µm at 95% and 90% normalized transmittance, respectively. Bandgap calculations suggest a lower bound of UV transparency cut-off of 0.3 µm. The infrared wavelength cut-off is higher than that reported for other pyrochlores, and higher than for yttria, zirconia, or other common infrared transparent ceramics. We discuss our prediction and characterization methods as well as the suitability of pyrochlores for mid- and far-infrared optical applications. 相似文献
90.
Zhiwei Qiao Lifeng Li Shuhua Li Hong Liang Jian Zhou Randall Q. Snurr 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(10):e17352
Computational screening was employed to calculate the enantioseparation capabilities of 45 functionalized homochiral metal–organic frameworks (FHMOFs), and machine learning (ML) and molecular fingerprint (MF) techniques were used to find new FHMOFs with high performance. With increasing temperature, the enantioselectivities for (R,S)-1,3-dimethyl-1,2-propadiene are improved. The “glove effect” in the chiral pockets was proposed to explain the correlations between the steric effect of functional groups and performance of FHMOFs. Moreover, the neighborhood component analysis and RDKit/MACCS MFs show the highest predictive effect on enantioselectivities among the four ML classification algorithms with nine MFs that were tested. Based on the importance of MF, 85 new FHMOFs were designed, and a newly designed FHMOF, NO2-NHOH-FHMOF, with high similarity to the optimal MFs achieved improved chiral separation performance, with enantioselectivities of 85%. The design principles and new chiral pockets obtained by ML and MFs could facilitate the development of new materials for chiral separation. 相似文献