基于超像素级卷积神经网络的多聚焦图像融合算法

该文提出了基于超像素级卷积神经网络(sp-CNN)的多聚焦图像融合算法。该方法首先对源图像进行多尺度超像素分割,将获取的超像素输入sp-CNN,并对输出的初始分类映射图进行连通域操作得到初始决策图;然后根据多幅初始决策图的异同获得不确定区域,并利用空间频率对其再分类,得到阶段决策图;最后利用形态学对阶段决策图进行后处理,并根据所得的最终决策图融合图像。该文算法直接利用超像素分割块进行图像融合,其相较以往利用重叠块的融合算法可达到降低时间复杂度的目的,同时可获得较好的融合效果。     

基于垂直声强流的水中目标深度分类方法

现有的基于声场干涉结构特征的目标深度分类方法的频率适用范围有限,仅适用于目标线谱频率激发前2阶简正波的情况.针对上述问题,该文提出基于匹配场处理的目标深度分类算法,该算法将垂直复声强无功分量作为匹配量进行目标深度的匹配估计,利用目标深度的粗略估计结果辅助进行目标深度的二元分类.算法适用于线谱频率激发前3阶简正波的情况,有效拓展了算法的频率适用范围.仿真结果验证了算法的可行性和稳健性.该文分析了环境失配情况对算法性能的影响.所提算法具有较高的准确性和稳健性.     

Hyperprolactinemia in end‐stage renal disease and effects of frequent hemodialysis

Introduction: End‐stage renal disease is associated with elevations in circulating prolactin concentrations, but the association of prolactin concentrations with intermediate health outcomes and the effects of hemodialysis frequency on changes in serum prolactin have not been examined. Methods: The FHN Daily and Nocturnal Dialysis Trials compared the effects of conventional thrice weekly hemodialysis with in‐center daily hemodialysis (6 days/week) and nocturnal home hemodialysis (6 nights/week) over 12 months and obtained measures of health‐related quality of life, self‐reported physical function, mental health and cognition. Serum prolactin concentrations were measured at baseline and 12‐month follow‐up in 70% of the FHN Trial cohort to examine the associations among serum prolactin concentrations and physical, mental and cognitive function and the effects of hemodialysis frequency on serum prolactin. Findings: Among 177 Daily Trial and 60 Nocturnal Trial participants with baseline serum prolactin measurements, the median serum prolactin concentration was 65 ng/mL (25th–75th percentile 48–195 ng/mL) and 81% had serum prolactin concentrations >30 ng/mL. While serum prolactin was associated with sex (higher in women), we observed no association between baseline serum prolactin and age, dialysis vintage, and baseline measures of physical, mental and cognitive function. Furthermore, there was no significant effect of hemodialysis frequency on serum prolactin in either of the two trials. Discussion: Serum prolactin concentrations were elevated in the large majority of patients with ESRD, but were not associated with several measures of health status. Circulating prolactin levels also do not appear to decrease in response to more frequent hemodialysis over a one‐year period.     

负载型SrTiO_3/HZSM-5光催化材料制备与性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备HZSM-5负载SrTiO_3,对其进行XRD,SEM,BET,BJH和FT-IR表征,研究SrTiO_3/HZSM-5光催化降解活性艳红X-3B的活性。结果表明:SrTiO_3材料的主要成分为钙钛矿结构SrTiO_3,并含有少量SrCO3相。在负载型χSrTiO_3/HZSM-5样品中,SrTiO_3包覆在HZSM-5的外表面。负载型催化剂的比表面积主要由分子筛提供,材料中的孔径主要分布在2~20nm范围内。负载后SrTiO_3的光催化活性明显提高,30%SrTiO_3/HZSM-5具有最强的光催化活性。经90min光照后,93.8%的活性艳红X-3B在30%SrTiO_3/HZSM-5上降解,而在纯SrTiO_3上只能降解23.9%。     

3D-Druck für Hochvakuumanwendungen

To mark our anniversary, we are presenting articles that have been particularly appreciated by readers of our online edition once again in print. Here: 3D-Printing for High Vacuum Applications 3D printing technology has made the leap from a home-based private practice to industrial manufacturing. Due to the increasing reliability of printers and increasing material diversity, especially in the metal sector, double-digit percentage growth rates are possible in the coming years. This thesis deals with the manufacture of parts made by 3D printing for high vacuum application. Different components are printed and examined for their vacuum compatibility. As shown furthermore, conventionally made standard components can be vacuum sealed to printed parts, which enables cost-effective production of more complex components, such as e.g. a vacuum chamber allows. In addition, functional components can already be realized in the manufacturing process. The integration of a system of flow channels directly into the wall of a chamber is just one example. Thus, such a chamber can be heated during evacuation and effectively cool in later operation.     

Mechanisms of neuronal calcium homeostasis destabilization caused by hyperstimulation of glutamate receptors

The present paper summarizes the data obtained in studying the mechanisms of glutamate-induced deterioration of neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis. In the cultured mammalian central neurons, a short-term (< 1 min) glutamate (GLU, 100 mu) challenge is known to induce a readily reversible (transient) neuronal [Ca2+]i increase. In contrast, a long-term (15-30 min) GLU exposure leads to the appearance of high [Ca2+]i plateau or to the partial recovery of the increased [Ca2+]i. Experiments show that impaired [Ca2+]i recovery in the postglutamate period cannot be explained by the increased [Ca2+]i permeability of the neuronal membrane, as earlier considered. Moreover, a sustained elevation of [Ca2+]i during and after chronic GLU application is associated with a progressive decrease in Ca2+ permeability. The major cause of GLU-induced Ca2+ overload is the mitochondrial depolarization resulted from excessive Ca2+ influx into the mitochondria, the generation of free radicals and the opening of a "giant pore" in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This in turn suppresses both ATP synthesis and Ca2+ electrophoretic uptake into the mitochondrial matrix. In combination with [Ca2+]i-dependent acidification, this leads to the suppression of Ca2+ release from the cell via Na+/Ca2+ exchanger and Ca2+/H+ pump of the neuronal membrane. Therefore, [Ca2+]i recovery following a long-term GLU treatment becomes strongly or even irreversibly compromised.     

Relationship between donor age and the replicative lifespan of human cells in culture: a reevaluation

Normal human diploid fibroblasts have a finite replicative lifespan in vitro, which has been postulated to be a cellular manifestation of aging in vivo. Several studies have shown an inverse relationship between donor age and fibroblast culture replicative lifespan; however, in all cases, the correlation was weak, and, with few exceptions, the health status of the donors was unknown. We have determined the replicative lifespans of 124 skin fibroblast cell lines established from donors of different ages as part of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. All of the donors were medically examined and were declared "healthy," according to Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging protocols, at the time the biopsies were taken. Both long- and short-lived cell lines were observed in all age groups, but no significant correlation between the proliferative potential of the cell lines and donor age was found. A comparison of multiple cell lines established from the same donors at different ages also failed to reveal any significant trends between proliferative potential and donor age. The rate of [3H]thymidine incorporation and the initial rates of growth during the first few subcultivations were examined in a subset of cell lines and were found to be significantly greater in fetal lines than in postnatal lines. Cell lines established from adults did not vary significantly either in initial growth rate or in [3H]thymidine incorporation. These results clearly indicate that, if health status and biopsy conditions are controlled, the replicative lifespan of fibroblasts in culture does not correlate with donor age.     

服务器虚拟化技术及安全研究

文章概述了x86平台服务器主流虚拟化技术分类及原理,比较分析了全虚拟化、半虚拟化和硬件辅助虚拟化技术的优势和缺点,同时分析了服务器虚拟化带来的新的安全风险与挑战,并讨论了在虚拟环境下的安全应对措施。     

应用型本科计算机专业实践教学体系的构建与实施

分析应用型本科计算机专业实践教学体系及其实施过程中存在的不足,提出构建培养应用型人才的"基本操作"、"硬件应用"、"算法分析与程序设计"、"系统综合开发"四种专业能力的实践教学体系,并介绍了具体途径、方法及实施效果。     

On-column solvent exchange for purified preparative fractions

On-column solvent exchange, using many of the principles of solid-phase extraction, has been implemented to significantly reduce evaporation cycle time following reverse-phase preparative HPLC. Additional benefits, such as a reduced potential for salt formation, thermal decomposition, and residual solvent, are also described. Fractions obtained from preparative separations, typically in a large volume of acetonitrile:water, are injected into the preparative HPLC and then eluted in acetonitrile, creating a new fraction in a volatile organic solvent. Minimal modification to the instrument was required, and unattended operation is possible. Acetonitrile evaporation is achieved within 3 h, compared with 17 h for aqueous-based fractions; lower temperatures can be used during the evaporation step; mobile-phase additives, likely to form salts with the target compound if concentrated in the fraction, are removed before evaporation; sample recovery and purity are unaffected.