Flux pattern and fouling of membranes during ultrafiltration of some dairy products

The flux pattern of milk (whole milk, skimmed milk and buttermilk) showed a distinct contrast to whey (sweet whey and acid casein whey) systems during ultrafiltration (UF) at constant composition. For milk systems, the initial flux was lower than for whey systems, but the flux stabilised within a few minutes of operation. However, for both acid and sweet whey, the flux continued to fall with time for nearly 1 h. The fouling coefficient (FC) for buttermilk was 0.6 after 5 min, rising to 0.68 after 60 min. During this time flux did not decline, suggesting that concentration polarisation (CP), rather than fouling, was controlling the flux rate. In contrast, the FC for whey was 0.5 after 5 min with a progressive rise over the next 55 min, but the flux also fell throughout this period suggesting that flux was controlled by fouling rather than CP. The higher concentration of protein in milk systems appeared to be responsible for CP, rather than fouling, being the controlling mechanism.     

Way-Point Multicast Routing Framework for improving QoS in hybrid wireless mesh networks

Since internet access is used by billions of people worldwide and the number of internet user is also increasing every day, a new technology called as wireless mesh network (WMN) is becoming popular. This is because it has some desirable characteristic, but it has some limitation for multi-hop routing, bandwidth, and many more. In order to overcome these issues, we proposed Way-Point Multicast Routing Framework (WPMRF) for improving the quality of service (QoS) in Hybrid WMN. Initially, the multicast framework is established based on the minimum load factor. The route established with least load factor is considered, as it avoids any kind of congestion in the network. After that, segmentation of route is done, and the way-point nodes are selected to join the multicast session. After that, the transmission is performed using MAODV and ODMRP protocol. In addition, an estimated route disconnection parameter is used for fast route recovery process and helps to select more reliable route path. The advantage of the proposed work is that it provides more reliable routing path to increase the quality of service (QoS) with fast route recovery process.     

基于多级维纳滤波的机载共形阵雷达杂波抑制方法研究

目前,多级维纳滤波器是一种收敛速度最快的降秩空时自适应处理算法,但它只适合于处理平稳随机信号,不能直接用于抑制非均匀的机载共形阵雷达杂波。该文在分析共形阵雷达杂波特性的基础上,提出采用俯仰向空域滤波改善杂波的非均匀性,改进了传统的协方差矩阵加权算法,最后形成了一种基于俯仰向空域滤波的协方差矩阵加权多级维纳滤波算法,用于抑制共形阵雷达杂波。仿真结果表明,该文方法抑制共形阵雷达杂波的综合性能优于现有其他方法,且计算复杂度低,收敛速度快,便于工程实现,在共形阵雷达杂波抑制中具有实际应用前景。     

应用于3.3kV IGBT的线性渐变掺杂结终端扩展的设计与优化

本文将线性渐变掺杂结终端扩展（LG-JTE）技术用于3.3kV IGBT并进行了试验验证。和采用多次光刻和离子注入传统结终端扩展技术不同,LG-JTE只用一张注入窗口宽度随与主结的距离线性变化的掩膜版。结合仿真设计了采用LG-JTE的IGBT,并在国内工艺平台上成功流片,其测试耐压达到3.7kV,接近理想的平行平面情形的耐压。     

Field Measurements with a 5.25 GHz Broadband MIMO-OFDM Communication System

Theoretical capacity calculations and corresponding simulations show significant capacity/throughput gains from MIMO systems. Whether these gains are achievable in a real system, deployed in a practical environment, depends on a variety of factors, such as the choice of the communication algorithms, analog impairments and the "quality" of the wireless channel to sustain MEMO communications. In this paper, a 5.25 GHz broadband MIMO-OFDM testbed is described along with field measurements conducted with it. The MIMO-OFDM communication algorithms and also the impact of analog impairments on the performance of the system are described. Detailed system calibration results are described which serve as a baseline for results of field measurements. The results of wireless measurements are compared with the theoretical capacity, computed with the channel estimates obtained during the demodulation process. The average achievable capacity in the indoor wireless environment is shown to be 9.97 bps/Hz (bits per sec per Hz) while the capacity loss due to analog impairments and the choice of algorithms is about 2.33 bps/Hz. Also, field measurements conducted with the system in various environments are presented comparing the average throughput/capacity achieved in each of these environments.     

几种数据压缩算法的比较

对几种数据压缩算法进行了总结,并针对实验数据表对其压缩率进行了比较。     

Analytical expressions for intermodulation distortion of a MESFET small-signal amplifier using the nonlinear Volterra series

Using the nonlinear Volterra series representation, analytical expressions for the third-order intermodulation distortion power and intercept point for a MESFET small-signal amplifier are derived when its equivalent circuit is bilateral and includes the gate-to-drain capacitance (C_gd) explicitly as a nonlinear element. Previously developed analytical expressions treated C_gd as a linear element or incorporated it as a part of gate-to-source and drain-to-source capacitances (C_gs and C_ds). These new analytical expressions are then compared with experimental data and good agreement is obtained. The analytical expressions are also used to study the variation of intermodulation distortion with input power and frequency, and the effect of the individual nonlinear elements in the MESFET’s equivalent circuit.     

单频网分布式外辐射源雷达技术

外辐射源雷达的研究和应用正朝着由单收发对向多收发对体制发展。作为该型雷达的一种重要机会照射源,新一代数字广播电视广泛采用单频(或同频)网覆盖方式,其内在决定了基于此的外辐射源雷达是分布式和网络化的。鉴于照射源单频网配置下外辐射源雷达不同寻常的工作和处理方式,该文归纳提出了单频网分布式外辐射源雷达的概念,阐述了该型雷达的主要特性以及所面临的核心问题,并就部分关键技术讨论了若干可供尝试的解决方案,结合原理实验结果展示了该型雷达的可行性,最后提出了集外辐射源雷达探测网的四网融合的概念并展望了其应用前景。