Laminar flow in rectangular channels. Part I: Entry analysis. Part II: Numerical solution for a square channel?

Laminar incompressible flow in rectangular channels is considered. In Part I, the entry region is evaluated by a boundary layer/potential core analysis. It is shown that the three-dimensional displacement induced potential flow can be described with a pair of two-dimensional potential functions. Second-order boundary layer solutions, with and without surface mass transfer, are determined; an interesting secondary flow reversal is predicted. In Part II, numerical solutions are obtained for the viscous channel equations, which are derived from the asymptotic theory of Part I. A two stream function, velocity, vorticity system, independent of the Reynolds Number, is solved with a combined iterative ADI/point-relaxation numerical procedure. A single calculation applied for all Reynolds numbers, which appears only in the coordinate scaling. The axial flow behavior of Parts I and II are in good agreement in the asymptotic entry region where both analysis apply. Secondary flow reversal is calculated; however, the grid is too crude for quantitative comparisons. Numerical solutions are obtained until fully developed conditions are achieved. Agreement with experimental data is good.     

机构运动学的随机过程分析与精度的失效模型

本文根据随机过程理论,给出了机构在平稳和非平稳条件下机构运动学的概率统计模型.并与文[1]的研究结果作了比较,本文所提供的模型比文[1]的更准确.作为推广.我们进一步给出了机构运动精度的失效模型和一算例.本文所提供的方法可以预估各种不同类型的机构在运动条件下的概率特征和可靠度.也为机械系统的随机振动分析和机构精度的随机控制问题作了必要的准备.     

不同应力路径下花岗片麻岩渗透特性的试验研究

 采用全自动三轴伺服仪,对花岗片麻岩开展渗流应力耦合试验,研究常规三轴压缩和轴压循环加卸载2种应力路径下,渗透率与渗压、围压、有效围压、体积应变及应力路径等因素的关系。结果表明：(1) 在2种不同应力路径下,岩石渗透率演化规律有差异性和一致性,同种路径下变形各阶段渗透率随有效围压增大而减小,但渗透率曲线的形态保持不变;(2) 渗压和围压对渗透率的影响,通过对岩石变形过程中内部微裂纹和孔隙变化产生作用,有效应力系数发生改变,有效围压效应随之改变;(3) 循环加卸载试验中,卸载渗透率均明显大于相应加载渗透率,体积应变转折前,加载渗透率减小,卸载后渗透率增加,形成比较完整的渗透率回滞环,体积应变转折后,加载渗透率增大,卸载渗透率降低不能够完全恢复;(4) 体积应变较轴向应变更清楚和灵敏反映渗透率变化规律,可把体积转折应变或其对应应力作为岩石渗透率变化的一项指标。试验研究旨在为岩石工程渗流–应力耦合稳定性分析提供参考。     

Enhancement of anti-Shigella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) response by addition of the cholera toxin B subunit to oral and intranasal proteosome-Shigella flexneri 2a LPS vaccines

Addition of the cholera toxin B subunit to oral and intranasal proteosome-Shigella flexneri 2a lipopolysaccharide vaccines improved their immunogenicities. Enhancement of anti-O-Shigella immunoglobulin A levels was most evident in lung lavages following oral immunization and in lung and intestinal fluids when suboptimal doses were used with either immunization route.