全文获取类型
收费全文 | 853篇 |
免费 | 0篇 |
专业分类
化学工业 | 4篇 |
轻工业 | 2篇 |
无线电 | 1篇 |
一般工业技术 | 5篇 |
冶金工业 | 838篇 |
自动化技术 | 3篇 |
出版年
2018年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 1篇 |
2010年 | 1篇 |
2008年 | 1篇 |
2003年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 29篇 |
1998年 | 224篇 |
1997年 | 143篇 |
1996年 | 108篇 |
1995年 | 64篇 |
1994年 | 43篇 |
1993年 | 54篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1976年 | 47篇 |
排序方式: 共有853条查询结果,搜索用时 234 毫秒
851.
852.
Gayatri Cuddalorepatta Abhijit Dasgupta Scott Sealing Jerome Moyer Todd Tolliver James Loman 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2010,18(3):168-182
The thermal cycling durability of large‐area Pb‐free (Sn3.5Ag) solder between silicon semiconductor and copper interconnects in photovoltaic (PV) cells is assessed and compared to benchmark results from Pb‐based (Sn36Pb2Ag) PV cells. Accelerated thermal cycling tests have been conducted on PV cells of both solder compositions, and the increase in series resistance due to interconnect damage has been characterized using in situ dark I–V measurements. Both the Pb‐free and Pb‐based cells show a steep initial rise followed by a steady rate of increase in degradation histories, with the Pb‐free cells showing a more pronounced ‘knee’ in the degradation curves. Extrapolation of the degradation data for both solders suggests that Pb‐free cells are four times more durable than the Pb‐based cells at the test condition. This superior thermal cycling fatigue durability of Pb‐free cells was also confirmed with physics of failure (PoF) analysis, consisting of nonlinear finite element (FE) stress analysis and an energy‐partitioning (E‐P) solder fatigue model. FE models error‐seeded with manufacturing voids in the solder interconnect predicted a significant reduction in the thermal cycling durability with increasing solder void density. However, even the most voided Pb‐free cells modeled are predicted to be twice as durable as void‐free Pb‐based cells, under the accelerated temperature cycle used in the test. The acceleration factor (AF) predicted by the PoF analysis for a typical service environment is three times higher for Pb‐free cells than that for Pb‐based cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
853.