Preliminary study of the in vivo motion in the canine shoulder

An instrumented spatial linkage was used to measure the total motion in a canine shoulder as the dog was engaged in a variety of activities, including walking on a level carousel track, as well as over a hurdle, up and down a step, and up and down a ramp placed on the same track. For each activity, the motion data were analyzed, using 2 procedures. First, the linkage data and the joint contour data were combined by computer, and the motion was represented by a series of sequential computer drawings showing the scapular and humeral articular surfaces in their proper relative positions for selected increments of time during the various activities described. As an alternate but approximate method for describing the relative humeral-scapular motion, rotations about 3 mutually perpendicular axes through the average center of the shoulder joint were determined.     

Is colostomy closure a hazardous procedure? A comparison of elemental diet and routine bowel preparation

Morbidity after closure of a colostomy is low if a simple antiseptic technique of intraperitoneal closure is used. In 26 patients there was no example of major wound sepsis and only 2 faecal fistulas both of which rapidly closed spontaneously. A randomized study of preoperative bowel preparation incorporating an elemental diet showed no apparent advantage for this method using our criteria for assessment.     

Biochemical studies on the H-2K antigens of the MHC mutants bm3 and bm11

Biochemical analyses of the H-2K-gene products of the C57BL/6 mutant strains, bm3 and bm11, have been carried out in order to characterize the structural relationships among these antigens. From comparative tryptic peptide mapping of cyanogen bromide fragments from the mutant and parent Kb glycoproteins and from preliminary amino-acid sequence analyses, a number of discrete differences have been discerned. Two sites of difference at amino residues 77 and 89 in the Kbm3 glycoprotein are noted relative to Kb. An alteration at residue 77 similar or identical to that seen in Kbm3 is present in the K antigen of the bm11 mutant. Because our techniques sample only 75 to 80 percent of the extracellular portion of H-2Kb, other undetected changes are possible. However, our present findings are most consistent with the conclusion that only very limited differences exist between mutant and parent molecules. Further, taken together with CML (cell-mediated-lymphocytotoxicity) reaction patterns (Melief et al. 1980), the biochemical data support the hypothesis that the proposed structural alterations in the Kb mutant glycoproteins are directly related to their observed immunological specificity.