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201.
This paper presents an investigation on the corrosion performance of Ni/Au, NiP/Au, Ni/NiP/Au and Ni/NiPd/Au electrical connector coating systems. The coating systems were exposed to 10 days Class III mixed flowing gas and were subsequently examined by X‐ray diffraction, focused ion beam microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy to evaluate the performance of each coating system. The Ni/Au coating system showed the worst performance followed by NiP/Au and Ni/NiP/Au. The Ni/NiPd/Au coated connector materials exhibited the least surface corrosion and this was attributed to a number of factors including a thicker coating system, more compact gold layer with fewer defects and a reduction in the electrochemical potential difference between layers reducing the local cell effect. 相似文献
202.
Pauline V. Marck Marco T. Pessoa Yunhui Xu Laura C. Kutz Dominic M. Collins Yanling Yan Cierra King Xiaoliang Wang Qiming Duan Liquan Cai Jeffrey X. Xie Jerry B. Lingrel Zijian Xie Jiang Tian Sandrine V. Pierre 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(7)
The Na/K-ATPase is the specific receptor for cardiotonic steroids (CTS) such as ouabain and digoxin. At pharmacological concentrations used in the treatment of cardiac conditions, CTS inhibit the ion-pumping function of Na/K-ATPase. At much lower concentrations, in the range of those reported for endogenous CTS in the blood, they stimulate hypertrophic growth of cultured cardiac myocytes through initiation of a Na/K-ATPase-mediated and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent signaling. To examine a possible effect of endogenous concentrations of CTS on cardiac structure and function in vivo, we compared mice expressing the naturally resistant Na/K-ATPase α1 and age-matched mice genetically engineered to express a mutated Na/K-ATPase α1 with high affinity for CTS. In this model, total cardiac Na/K-ATPase activity, α1, α2, and β1 protein content remained unchanged, and the cardiac Na/K-ATPase dose–response curve to ouabain shifted to the left as expected. In males aged 3–6 months, increased α1 sensitivity to CTS resulted in a significant increase in cardiac carbonylated protein content, suggesting that ROS production was elevated. A moderate but significant increase of about 15% of the heart-weight-to-tibia-length ratio accompanied by an increase in the myocyte cross-sectional area was detected. Echocardiographic analyses did not reveal any change in cardiac function, and there was no fibrosis or re-expression of the fetal gene program. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that pathways related to energy metabolism were upregulated, while those related to extracellular matrix organization were downregulated. Consistent with a functional role of the latter, an angiotensin-II challenge that triggered fibrosis in the α1r/rα2s/s mouse failed to do so in the α1s/sα2s/s. Taken together, these results are indicative of a link between circulating CTS, Na/K-ATPase α1, ROS, and physiological cardiac hypertrophy in mice under baseline laboratory conditions. 相似文献
203.
This report describes the testing to assess steam generator U-tube steam condensation conducted at the Oregon State University Advanced Plant Experiment Test Facility from 2005 to 2007. Six separate SG condensation (without non-condensable gas) tests were conducted as part of this test program. These tests were designed to evaluate steam condensation rates in a scaled Pressurized Water Reactor steam generator at various primary and secondary side pressures and inlet steam mass flow rates. The experimental data will provide a basis to assess TRACE steam generator modeling techniques and to assist in development of improved models for condensation and steam generator thermal-hydraulics. 相似文献
204.
205.
This paper reports on a microfluidic device for the screening of organophosphonate nerve agent degradation products. The miniaturized system relies on an efficient chip-based separation of alkyl methylphosphonic acids (breakdown products of Sarin, Soman, and VX nerve agents) followed by their sensitive contactless conductivity detection. Experimental parameters relevant to the separation and detection processes have been optimized to yield high sensitivity (with 48-86 microg L(-1) detection limits), fast response (50 s for a three alkyl methylphosphonic acid mixture), high precision (RSD = 3.8-5.0%), and good linearity (over the 0.3-100 mg L(-1) range). Applicability to natural (river) water samples is demonstrated. The new microsystem offers promise for monitoring degradation products of chemical warfare agents, with advantages of speed/warning, efficiency, portability, sample size, and cost compared to conventional ion chromatography or capillary electrophoresis systems. 相似文献
206.
Tucker Joan S.; Ellickson Phyllis L.; Collins Rebecca L.; Klein David J. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2006,20(4):363
This longitudinal study compared Grade 8 solitary cigarette smokers (n = 541), drinkers (n = 577), and marijuana users (n = 148) with adolescents who restricted their use of these substances to social settings (ns = 562, 1,426, and 388, respectively) on adolescent functioning and young adult outcomes. In Grade 8, solitary users held more positive beliefs about the consequences of substance use, earned poorer grades, engaged in more deviant behavior, and devoted less time to school and more time to social activities. By age 23, these solitary users had lower educational attainment, poorer self-rated health, and greater substance use problems. Results indicate the importance of better understanding and addressing the needs of this understudied group of high-risk youth. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
207.
For use by a global audience, Web sites must be adapted to many local requirements. This article examines key issues in such adaptation (termed localization), considers the costs and specific aspects of software that must be localized, and presents an approach for analyzing and documenting software localization. The article is based on a review of relevant literature, meetings with localization industry representatives, and an ongoing participant observation in a global telehealth company. Examples from the company illustrate the localization issues and their possible outcomes or solutions 相似文献
208.
CA McGibbon DE Krebs CA Trahan SB Trippel RW Mann 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,14(1):52-58
The mitochondrial, inner-membrane-associated, reversible NADPH-->NAD transhydrogenase of adult Hymenolepis diminuta physiologically couples matrix-localized, NADP-specific "malic" enzyme with NADH-dependent anaerobic electron transport. Employing submitochondrial particles (SMP) as the source of enzyme activity and both spectrophotometric and fluorometric assessments, the present study made evident that in its catalysis of transhydrogenation between NADPH and NAD, the cestode enzyme engages in the concomitant transmembrane translocation of protons. As assessed spectrophotometrically, the catalysis of NADPH-dependent NAD reduction by H. diminuta SMP was stimulated significantly by carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP), as well as by the protonophoric anthelmintic, niclosamide. In addition, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) markedly diminished SMP-catalyzed hydride ion transfer between NADPH and NAD. The catalysis by SMP of concomitant, transhydrogenase-mediated proton translocation was evaluated more directly via fluorometric assays using 8-anilino-1-napthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) as the probe. These latter evaluations revealed a transhydrogenase-dependent enhancement of ANS fluorescence in accord with an intravesicular accumulation of protons. ANS fluorescence was quenched rapidly when the assay system was supplemented with CCCP, FCCP, or niclosamide. Consistent with the helminth transhydrogenase acting as a proton pump, transhydrogenase-mediated enhanced fluorescence also was inhibited by DCCD. Considered collectively, these data indicated, apparently for the first time for any invertebrate system, that the transhydrogenase, in catalyzing the NADPH-->NAD reaction, acts in the translocation of protons from the matrix to the intermembrane space mitochondrial compartment. 相似文献
209.
JJ Fins FG Miller CA Acres MD Bacchetta LL Huzzard BD Rapkin 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,17(1):6-15
The contributions of the various ulnar-innervated muscles of the hand to the hypothenar compound muscle action potential (CMAP) were estimated by directly stimulating individual muscles and by analyzing CMAP shape changes resulting from manipulations that changed individual muscle lengths. The results show that the first peak of the negative phase of the hypothenar CMAP comes from the hypothenar muscles, but that the second peak is due to a large volume-conducted potential from the interosseous muscles. The interosseous contribution affects both the amplitude and the area of the CMAP, and makes these parameters sensitive to changes in the configuration of the fingers and the temperature gradient in the hand. To reduce the interosseous contribution, a "balanced reference" consisting of two reference electrodes, one over each tendon, is proposed. 相似文献
210.
CA Rohl FA Boeckman C Baker T Scheuer WA Catterall RE Klevit 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,38(3):855-861
The sodium channel initiates action potentials by opening in response to membrane depolarization. Fast channel inactivation, which is required for proper physiological function, is mediated by a cytoplasmic loop proposed to occlude the ion pore via a hinged lid mechanism with the triad IFM serving as a hydrophobic "latch". The NMR solution structure of the isolated inactivation gate reveals a stably folded core comprised of an alpha-helix capped by an N-terminal turn, supporting a model in which the tightly folded core containing the latch motif pivots on a more flexible hinge region to occlude the pore during inactivation. The structure, in combination with substituted cysteine mutagenesis experiments, indicates that the IFM triad and adjacent Thr are essential components of the latch and suggests differing roles for the residues of the IFMT motif in fast inactivation. 相似文献