The FKBP5 Gene Affects Alcohol Drinking in Knockout Mice and Is Implicated in Alcohol Drinking in Humans

FKBP5 encodes FK506-binding protein 5, a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-binding protein implicated in various psychiatric disorders and alcohol withdrawal severity. The purpose of this study is to characterize alcohol preference and related phenotypes in Fkbp5 knockout (KO) mice and to examine the role of FKBP5 in human alcohol consumption. The following experiments were performed to characterize Fkpb5 KO mice. (1) Fkbp5 KO and wild-type (WT) EtOH consumption was tested using a two-bottle choice paradigm; (2) The EtOH elimination rate was measured after intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 2.0 g/kg EtOH; (3) Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was measured after 3 h limited access of alcohol; (4) Brain region expression of Fkbp5 was identified using LacZ staining; (5) Baseline corticosterone (CORT) was assessed. Additionally, two SNPs, rs1360780 (C/T) and rs3800373 (T/G), were selected to study the association of FKBP5 with alcohol consumption in humans. Participants were college students (n = 1162) from 21–26 years of age with Chinese, Korean or Caucasian ethnicity. The results, compared to WT mice, for KO mice exhibited an increase in alcohol consumption that was not due to differences in taste sensitivity or alcohol metabolism. Higher BAC was found in KO mice after 3 h of EtOH access. Fkbp5 was highly expressed in brain regions involved in the regulation of the stress response, such as the hippocampus, amygdala, dorsal raphe and locus coeruleus. Both genotypes exhibited similar basal levels of plasma corticosterone (CORT). Finally, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FKBP5 were found to be associated with alcohol drinking in humans. These results suggest that the association between FKBP5 and alcohol consumption is conserved in both mice and humans.     

Grouting of large karstic caverns in dobrogea Coalfield,Bulgaria

The paper describes the results of an experimental grouting programme carried out by the Spetstamponazhgeologia association at the Dobrogea coalfield in Bulgaria. The anticipated water inflow into a shaft at this deposit totals 8 m³/s at a pressure of 12 MPa, from a cavity size equal or exceeding 3 metres. Grouting operations made it possible to cut down water inflow by a factor of more than one thousand. The success of this investigation has enabled the author to design an exprrimental shaft sinking project through the valange formation at Dobrogea mine.     

Carotenoids and Their Geometry Isomers in Selected Tropical Fruits

This study determined the carotenoids content in cherry tomato, pink guava, and red grapefruit pulps and juices. Cherry tomato pulp exhibited the highest β-carotene content whereas pink guava pulp had the highest lycopene content. However, β-carotene and lycopene contents in the studied fruit juices were lower than their pulps in the same sample portion. Interestingly, six to twelve cis-isomers of carotenoids were identified in the fruit pulps and juices studied. A higher number of trace amounts of cis-carotenoids was found in fruit pulps as compared to juices. Therefore, consumption of whole fruit is recommended as the studied fruit juices have lower carotenoids content.     

Alginate‐Based Emulsion Template Containing High Oil Loading Stabilized by Nonionic Surfactants

Oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsion‐gel systems containing high oil payloads are of increasing interest for food applications because of the reduction in encapsulation cost, consumption frequency or volume of food products. This study shows a facile approach to prepare stable alginate‐based O/W emulsions at high oil loading using a mixture of nonionic surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 20) as a template to form gelled‐emulsions. The synergistic effects of alginate and surfactants on the O/W emulsion properties were evaluated in terms of oil droplet size and emulsion stability. At 2% (w/v) of alginate and 1% (w/v) of surfactants, the size distribution of oil droplets was narrow and monomodal, even at an oil loading of 70% (v/v). The emulsions formed were stable against phase separation. The oil droplet size could be further reduced to below 1 μm using a high‐shear homogenizer. The emulsions formed could be easily molded and gelled into solids of different shapes via ionic gelation. The findings of this study create possible avenues for applications in food industries.     

A Method of Magnesium Treatment for Producing Gravity-diecast Ductile Iron

Equipment for the in-stream treatment of ductile iron has been adapted for gravity-diecasting. The treatment unit consists of a pouring basin, reaction chamber, and a reservoir for holding treated iron. The device is highly mobile in so much that it can be transferred from furnace to successive dies and back again, allowing consecutive pouring. The authors have studied the effect of reaction chamber design and nodularising-alloy type on the microstructure of cast specimens, using three types of chamber design and three types of nodulariser at different temperatures. The results indicate that a carbide-free structure with a high nodule count of up to 1500 n/mm² within the as-cast structure of a diecast rod specimen of 30 mm dia. can be achieved using this treatment equipment, when employing suitable nodularising alloy and process chamber design.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Some Triphenyltin(IV) Complexes from Sterically Crowded [((E)-1-{2-Hydroxy-5-[(E)-2-(aryl)-1-diazenyl]phenyl}methylidene)amino]acetate Ligands and Crystal Structure Analysis of a Tetrameric Triphenyltin(IV) Compound

Four new triphenyltin(IV) complexes containing [((E)-1-{2-hydroxy-5-[(E)-2-(aryl)-1-diazenyl]phenyl}methylidene)amino]acetate ligands (L) have been synthesized with formulations of Ph₃SnLH. They have been studied by multinuclear (¹H, ¹³C, ¹¹⁹Sn) NMR, ¹¹⁹Sn M?ssbauer and IR spectroscopy. A full characterization of one complex, Ph₃SnL¹H (1), was accomplished by single crystal X-ray crystallography, which revealed the compound to be a macrocyclic tetramer. In the tetramer, the five coordinate tin atoms have distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometries with the three phenyl groups occupying equatorial positions, while an oxygen atom of the carboxylate group of one L ligand and the oxide O-atom (formerly the hydroxy group) of a second L ligand in an apical positions. The carboxylate ligands bridge adjacent tin atoms and coordinate in the zwitterionic form with the phenolic proton moved to the nearby nitrogen atom. ¹¹⁹Sn NMR results indicate that the tetrameric structures of the complexes in the solid state, in which the tin atoms are five-coordinated, dissociate in solution to yield four coordinate monomeric species.     

开发定制功率模块解决方案:哪些是必须要考虑的

在过去的几年中,由于最终应用中节约成本和提高效率的严格功率设计约束,使得功率模块市场的需求迅速变化。本文概述了提供定制解决方案,在满足不断变化的功率模块设计和性能的市场需求时所要考虑的方方面面。     

STUDY ON THE SURFACE ELECTRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FLAKE GRAPHITE AND THE MECHANISM OF ABSORPTION MEDICAMENT

Abstract: It is of important significance to make studies on the sur-face electric characteristics of flake graphite and their variation law forstrengthening the floatation of flake graphite.In this paper, DPM type microelectrophoresis apparatus is used to de-termine the surface Zeta-potential of flake graphite pure mineral, studythe affection of pulp pH value, seueral kinds of inorganic salt ions andanion surface activation agent (petroleum sodium sulfonate) on flakegraphite surface Zeta-potential,and explore the surface absorption charac-teristics of graphite.The floatation experiment of flake graphite pure mineral shows thatboth the petroleum sodium sulfonate and inorganic salt can strengthen theconventional floatation of flake graphite. The surface characteristic varia-tion caused by them is also an important factor to promote graphite floata-tion.     

PURIFICATION OF KAOLINS BY SELECTIVE DISPERSION AND FLOCCULATION

To fulfill the increasingly higher requirements on thequality of kaolins from industries, the purification of kaolins has becomemore and more important. Kaolins from different mines were studied withthe aim to remove the various impurities. The mineralogical studies on thekaolins indicated that kaolinite and the major gangue minerals in the orewere all very fine. Therefore, it was difficult to separate kaolinite fromthe gangue minerals by conventional mineral processing techniques,such asgravity concentration, magnetic separation and flotation. Techniques forfine particles processing, i. e. selective dispersion and flocculation weretried to purify the kaolins. The experiments were first carried out withpure minerals of kaolinite and the gangue,minerals to study the dispersionand flocculation characteristics of the different mineral suspensions undervarious conditions. The key factors affecting the dispersion and floccula-tion of the minerals in water were the pH of the suspension, the type anddosage of t     

STUDY ON THE OXIDIZABILITY-RESISTANCE OF FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE BY USING ADDITIVE

Abstract: The oxidizability-resistance of graphite products havebeen studied with the addition of H_3PO_4 and H_3BO_3. A available way hasbeen found to increase the oxidizability-resistance of graphite products.The oxidizability-resistance of graphite products rises remarkably aftertreating with 1% H_3PO_4 and 3% H_3BO_3. Meanwhile, the relative princi-ple has been proposed also.