The management of diabetes in the elderly

It appears inevitable that with increased longevity, the management of the elderly diabetic will place even greater demands on hospital services. It seems reasonable to adopt a more liberal attitude to the regulation of control of diabetes in the elderly than in younger patients. However, the view that diabetes in the elderly is always mild can be dangerously misleading. A significant number of elderly diabetics develop ketoacidosis or other serious forms of metabolic disturbance, and in these patients the mortality is high. Cardiovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease are major problems in the elderly, the former being the main cause of death. For best results, it is desirable that management of diabetes not be isolated from management of other, coexisting disorders, but rather that it be considered as part of the overall patient problem. As Malins pointed out, we should think in terms of diabetics rather than diabetes.     

Linkage group V in the Syrian hamster: cardiomyopathy and lethal gray

It was shown that the cm and Lg genes, which are relatively closely linked, are not linked with markers in any of the four established linkage groups in the Syrian hamster. Therefore, the linkage between these two genes constitutes a new linkage group, LGV.     

Impact of commercial preharvest transportation and holding on the prevalence of Salmonella enterica in cull sows

The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of Salmonella enterica in cull sows at various stages from the farm to the abattoir. Cull sows (n=181) were sampled over 10 weeks. Fecal samples (10 g each) were collected on the farm ca. 24 h before loading and at the live-hog market ca. 3 h before loading. Samples (ileocecal lymph nodes, cecal contents, feces from the transverse colon, ventral thoracic lymph nodes, subiliac lymph nodes, sponge swabs of the left and right carcass sections, and chopped meat) were collected at the abattoir. The percentages of positive fecal samples on the farm and at the live-hog market were 3% (5 of 181 samples) and 2% (3 of 181 samples), respectively. After transport from the live-hog market (10 h) and holding at the abattoir (6 h), 41% (74 of 180) of cull sows yielded S. enterica in one or more sampled tissues. The isolation rate for total cecal contents (33%; 60 of 180 samples) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those for ileocecal lymph nodes (7%; 12 of 181 samples), feces (11%; 20 of 181 samples), and ventral thoracic and subiliac lymph nodes (2%; 4 of 181 samples). Before a 2% lactic acid carcass wash (lasting 8 to 9 s), 14% (25 of 180) of carcasses were positive, compared with 7% (12 of 179) after the wash (P<0.05). Two S. enterica serotypes, Derby and Infantis, were found on the farm and at the live-hog market. At the abattoir, 12 serotypes that had not previously been found on the farm or at the live-hog market were recovered. The results of this study demonstrate that transport and holding practices may contribute to an increase in S. enterica infection prior to slaughter to levels much higher than those found on the farm.     

A case study of defects due to process marginalities in deep sub-micron technology

The difficulties in identifying the precise defect location and real leakage path is increasing as the integrated circuit design and process have become more and more complicated in and below deep sub-micron technology node. Most of the defects causing chip leakage are detectable with only one of the failure analysis (FA) tools such as liquid crystal detection (LCD) or photon emission microscope (PEM). However, due to process marginalities some defects are often not detectable with only one FA tool [Hung-Sung Lin, Wen-Tung Chang, Chun-Lin Chen, Tsui-Hua Huang, Vivian Chiang, Chun-Ming Chen. A study of asymmetrical behaviour in advanced nano SRAM devices. In: 13th IPFA proceedings; July 2006. p. 63–6; Kruseman Bram, Majhi Ananta, Hora Camelia, Eichenberger Stefan, Meirlevede Johan. Systematic defects in deep sub-micron technologies. ITC international test conference, 2004. p. 290–9.]. This paper present an example of an abnormal power consumption process related defect which could only be detected with more advanced FA tools.     

A Penetrating Gaze at One Open Phase: Analyzing the Polyphase Induction Motor Dilemma

Portions of the material proposed for a chapter in a new IEEE Standard (#399-the ``Brown Book') being prepared by the Power System Analysis Subcommittee of the I & CPS Committee are presented. In order to establish a library of approved analytical methods, the material provides a review of the more important basic electrical circuit analysis techniques used for determining the voltage and current relationships which describe various power system network events and operating conditions. Certain simplified circuit arrangements are examined. They illustrate the power and merit of the analytical methods that evolve, as well as the errors that can occur because of improper regard for the restraints that apply. Using the analytical methods, the classical problem of a three-phase induction motor operating with one phase of the supply line open-circuited is studied in considerable detail. Finally, important observations and conclusions are presented regarding the motor protection requirements.     

白洋淀流域降水特性分析

选取白洋淀流域6个雨量站1959年-2009年日降水量资料,并以此为基础运用滑动平均法、Mann-Kendall非参数秩次检验法及小波分析法对该流域降水特性演变规律进行了分析。结果表明:在流域内,年降水量呈下降趋势且主要由年降水日数显著下降引起;年内各月降水量的不均匀程度呈减小趋势;不同量级降水频率波动较小,但呈现小强度降水比例增加、较大强度降水比例减少的结构变化;暴雨雨量和暴雨强度有较明显的下降趋势,降水潜力下降;年降水量存在4类尺度的周期变化规律,其中16a变化为主周期。     

The extrusion of silica and alumina powders: Part I. Extrusion

The extrusion of moist alumina and silica powders was experimentally studied. The materials were deduced to behave plastically by comparison with similar work on metals. Some factors required for coherent extrudate are considered.