STABILIZATION OF GROUND GARLIC COLOR BY CYSTEINE, ASCORBIC ACID, TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE AND SODIUM METABISULFITE

Various organic and inorganic compounds at different concentrations were added to ground garlic as a means of controlling changes in color. Among the compounds tested, cysteine (C), ascorbic acid (A), sodium metabisulfite (S) and trisodium phosphate (P) were found effective in preventing a change in color towards greening. When these compounds were mixed at 0.1 M level, their binary mixtures (CS, AS, SP, AC) and ternary/quaternary mixtures (CAP, CAS, CSP, CASP) turned out to be even more effective for sustaining the original color values (L = 45, a = -2, b = 10) of ground garlic. Although the controlling effect was somewhat decreased with a reduction in mixture concentration from 0.1 to 0.03 M, the majority of mixtures (CS, SP, CAP, CAS, CSP and CASP) still maintained their effectiveness in color control.     

Does Rotation of Neuronal Population Vectors Equal Mental Rotation?

It has been claimed that rotation of neuronal population vectors in the primary motor cortex during tasks involving transformation of movement directions provides direct evidence that a mental rotation algorithm is being used. An alternative explanation offered here, the 'asynchronous superposition hypothesis', asserts that the apparent rotation can result from the summation of two stationary vectors, one in the stimulus direction and one in the target movement direction, which vary in length over time. Computer simulations demonstrate the surprising result that the asynchronous superposition hypothesis can produce activation of motor corex cells with intermediate preferred directions, something previously assumed to confirm a mental rotation algorithm. Simulations also demonstrate that the asynchronous superposition hypothesis accounts for some aspects of the data more naturally than does an explanation based on a mental rotation algorithm, and suggest experimental tests that can distinguish between these two hypotheses.     

Effects of Gamma Irradiation Dose and Timing of Treatment after Harvest on the Storeability of Garlic Bulbs

The effect of gamma irradiation dose and time of treatment after harvest on the storage of garlic bulbs was investigated. The effectiveness of irradiation for external sprout inhibition was not affected by the treatment time within 45 days after harvest. At 285 days after harvest, irradiation of 50 - 150 Gy caused about 6% less decrease in weight loss compared with the unirradiated group, and spoilage rates of the unirradiated and irradiated cloves were 100% and 17 - 20%, respectively. For the overall storageability of garlic bulbs, 75 Gy was shown to be the minimal optimum dose, and there was no apparent effect depending upon the time of irradiation treatment after harvest.     

EVALUATION OF YUKWA (A KOREAN OIL-PUFFED RICE SNACK) EXPANSION WITH INCREASES IN WATER-STEEPING DURATION OF WAXY RICE USING IMAGE ANALYSIS

Abstract Yukwa, a Korean oil-puffed rice snack with a soft texture, is currently being manufactured primarily by traditional methods. The water-steeping time of the milled waxy rice is an important factor because it has a great effect on the product quality. The expansion rates related to water-steeping durations, which are indices of Yukwa quality, were quantitatively evaluated using image analysis. The longer the water-steeping time was, the higher were the expansion parameters of the Yukwa . When the waxy rice was water-soaked over 6 days, the expansion rate of the Yukwa showed a statistically significant increase. Using these expansion rates, the diameter and diameter-implicit parameters were statistically modeled with respect to the moisture content of the rice at P 0.01. Hedonic sensory evaluation for Yukwa showed that the longer raw waxy rice was water-steeped. The better quality was due to high expansion.     

Synthesis and characterization of metallic Pd embedded TiO2 nanoparticles by reverse micelle and sol-gel processing

This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Education, Science Technology(MEST) and Korea Industrial Technology Foundation(KOTEF) through the Human Resource Training Project for Regional Innovation.     

EM 3D contour maps provide protein assembly at the nanoscale within the neuronal porosome complex

The neuronal porosome complex, the secretory machinery at the plasma membrane of nerve terminals, is a 12–17‐nm cup‐shaped lipoprotein structure possessing a central plug. Since the porosome is a membrane associated, multi‐protein complex measuring >650 kD, it has precluded generation of 3D crystals for x‐ray diffraction studies, nor structural analysis at the atomic level using solution magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These limitations were partially overcome in the current studies, furthering our understanding of the porosome structure. Using atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy and electron density and 3D contour mapping, finally provides at the nanoscale, the structure and assembly of proteins within the neuronal porosome complex. Results from this study demonstrate a set of eight protein units lining the porosome cup, each connected via spoke‐like elements to a central plug region within the structure. The isolation of intact porosomes for near‐atomic resolution using cryo‐electron diffraction measurements, is finally possible.     

Context-aware Workflow Model for Supporting Composite Workflows

-In recent years,several researchers have applied workflow technologies for service automation on ubiquitous computing environments.However,most context-aware oprkflows do not offer a method to compose several workflows in order to get more large-scale or complicated workflow.They only provide a simple workflow model,not a composite workflow model.In this paper,the autorhs propose a context-aware worrkflow model to support composite workflows by expanding the patterns of the existing context-aware workflows,which support the basic workflow patterns.The suggested worklow modei offers composite workflow patterns for a context-aware workflow,which consists of various flow patterns,such as simple,split,parallel flows,and subflow.With the suggested model,the model can easily reuse few of existing workflows to make a new workflow.As a result,it can save the development efforts and time of cantext-aware workflows and increase the workflow reusability.Therefore,the suggested model is expected to make it easy to develop applications related to context-aware workflow services on ubiquitous computing environments.     

Development of high performance casting analysis software by coupled parallel computation

Up to now, so much casting analysis software has been continuing to develop the new access way to real casting processes. Those include the melt flow analysis, heat transfer analysis for solidification calculation,mechanical property predictions and microstructure predictions. These trials were successful to obtain the ideal results comparing with real situations, so that CAE technologies became inevitable to design or develop new casting processes. But for manufacturing fields, CAE technologies are not so frequently being used because of their difficulties in using the software or insufficient computing performances. To introduce CAE technologies to manufacturing field,the high performance analysis is essential to shorten the gap between product designing time and prototyping time.The software code optimization can be helpful, but it is not enough, because the codes developed by software experts are already optimized enough. As an alternative proposal for high performance computations, the parallel computation technologies are eagerly being applied to CAE technologies to make the analysis time shorter. In this research, SMP (Shared Memory Processing) and MPI (Message Passing Interface) (1) methods for parallelization were applied to commercial software "Z-Cast" to calculate the casting processes. In the code parallelizing processes,the network stabilization, core optimization were also carried out under Microsoft Windows platform and their performances and results were compared with those of normal linear analysis codes.