食药同源中药制剂对乳酸菌体外生长的影响

采用试管二倍稀释法和牛津杯琼脂点扩散交叉拮抗法,分析了补中益气丸、参苓白术片、归脾丸和健胃消食片四种食药同源类中药制剂对嗜热链球菌、屎肠球菌、肠链球菌、瑞士乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌五种乳酸菌生长的影响。结果表明,四种中药水提液对嗜热链球菌的生长均有不同程度的促进作用,其中参苓白术片浓度在6.25～100.0mg/mL时增菌作用最突出;四种中药水提液均抑制屎肠球菌和肠链球菌两种肠球菌的生长;浓度为6.25mg/mL的补中益气丸和12.5mg/mL的归脾丸分别对瑞士乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌有促进作用,其它浓度的中药水提液都抑制两种菌的生长。     

Growth inhibitory efficacy of lycopene and β-carotene against androgen-independent prostate tumor cells xenografted in nude mice

Scope : In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of lycopene against the growth of prostate cancer in vivo. Methods and results : Athymic nude mice were implanted subcutaneously with human androgen‐independent prostate carcinoma PC‐3 cells. They were supplemented with a low or a high dose of lycopene (4 and 16 mg/kg) and a single dose of β‐carotene (16 mg/kg) twice a week for 7 wk. At the end of the experiment, both lycopene and β‐carotene strongly inhibited the tumor growth, as evidenced by the decrease in tumor volume and tumor weight. High‐dosage lycopene and β‐carotene significantly decreased the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in tumor tissues and increased the levels of insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein‐3 in plasma. In addition, high‐dosage lycopene supplementation significantly decreased the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in plasma. In contrast, β‐carotene supplementation significantly increased the VEGF levels, as compared with tumor control group. Conclusion : Lycopene and β‐carotene supplementation suppressed the growth of prostate tumor cells, and the effects are likely associated with reduction of proliferation (attenuation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression) and with interference of the insulin‐like growth factor 1 signaling (increased plasma insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein‐3 levels). Furthermore, the inhibition of VEGF by lycopene suggests that the antitumor mechanisms of lycopene also involve anti‐angiogenesis.     

Using crude glycerol and thin stillage for the production of microbial lipids through the cultivation of Rhodotorula glutinis

Single cell oils (SCO) produced from oleaginous microorganisms are a potential alternative oil feedstock for biodiesel production. The worldwide production of glycerol, a 10% (w/w) byproduct produced in the transesterfication process of oils converted to biodiesel, is increasing as more biodiesel is being produced. For the purposes of cost reduction, crude glycerol was regarded as a suitable carbon source for the cultivation of Rhodotorula glutinis. In addition to using renewable crude glycerol, waste solution collected from the brewing company (called thin stillage) was adopted as a substitute to replace a costly nitrogen source used in the medium. The results of using mixture of crude glycerol and thin stillage indicated about a 27% increase in total biomass as compared to that of using crude glycerol with a standard medium. Using glycerol instead of glucose as the carbon source could also alter the lipid profile, resulting in an increase in linolenic acid (C18:2) to comprise over 20% of the total lipid. Successfully using renewable crude glycerol and thin stillage for the cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms could greatly enhance the economic competition of biodiesel produced from SCO.     

硫脲浸出液活性炭负载洗脱研究

从硫脲浸出液中活性炭负载洗脱金是比较困难的,目前在这方面发表的文献并不很多。本文着重研究并讨论了从负载活性炭上洗脱金的不同方法,包括酸性硫脲有机溶液和非有机洗脱液。研究了丙酮、乙腈、丁醇、乙二醚和乙醇5种有机溶剂。研究了不同的硫脲、硫酸和有机溶剂的浓度和温度对洗脱的影响。试验表明了这5种有机溶剂对金的洗脱能力按如下顺序排列: 丁醇>乙腈>乙二醚>乙醇>丙酮当采用5%丁醇,50～100g/L硫脲和50～100g/L硫酸,温度40～60℃时,金的洗脱率可达98～99%,此时活性炭含金降至0.10mg/g以下。对于非有机洗脱液,像硫化钠和硫代硫酸钠,研究表明金的洗脱率主要取决于溶液的浓度和温度,在室温时,1～2mol的硫化钠溶液可以洗脱99%的金。如果溶液的浓度降低至0.5mol,则温度需升至80℃以上才可能获得相同的洗脱率。     

Studies on the preparation and properties of conductive polymers. IX. Using photographic developer to prepare metallized conductive polymer films

Poly(vinyl alcohol) metal chelate solutions were prepared by mixing silver nitrate with solutions of poly(vinyl alchol), and films wee prepared from these solutions. These poly(vinyl alcohol) metal chelate films were reduced by photographic developer. The silver ions in poly(vinyl alcohol) films were reduced to silver on the surface, and conductive polymer films were obtained. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Temperature Change of Light Induced Explosion of explosive material

A theoretical analysis based on the adiabatic consideration of one- dimensional model for initiation of explosive materials by intense light is performed. An expression is obtained which can be used to calculate the explosion temperature.     

Variation in the survival of women with breast cancer in Scotland. The Scottish Breast Cancer Focus Group and The Scottish Cancer Therapy Network

We have investigated factors influencing the survival of women with early breast cancer in Scotland. In a retrospective study, clinical, treatment and 'service' factors, e.g. surgical case load, deprivation and geographical area (health board of first treatment) were recorded from hospital records. A total of 2148 women with invasive breast cancer diagnosed in 1987 were identified from the Scottish Cancer Registry, of whom 1619 without metastases at diagnosis underwent surgery as part of their primary treatment. In a multivariate analysis, clinical factors (age, clinical stage, pathological tumour size, node status and oestrogen receptor status) all influenced survival. After allowing for these clinical factors, surgical case load and deprivation did not have statistically significant effects on survival. By contrast, health board did affect survival. This was explained in part by the selection of patients for surgery. There appeared, however, to be a residual effect that may be related to differences in the use of adjuvant systemic treatment among the different health boards. We conclude that, in Scotland, geographical variation in both surgical and non-surgical treatment has a greater effect on variability in survival for women with breast cancer than surgical case load and deprivation.     

Distal 6p deletion syndrome: a report of a case with anterior chamber eye anomaly and review of published reports

We describe a 32 year old male with a distal 6p24.3-->pter deletion. He has specific developmental anomalies of the anterior chamber of the eye and a cleft uvula which is consistent with the recent localisation of genes for iris development and orofacial clefting to distal 6p. In addition he has progressive sensorineural deafness and this may localise a gene for deafness to this region. We conclude that a refined distal 6p deletion syndrome exists and includes a characteristic facial appearance with hypertelorism, downward slanting palpebral fissures, tented mouth, smooth philtrum, palatal malformation, ear anomalies, anterior chamber eye defects, progressive sensorineural deafness, cardiac defects, abdominal herniae, small external genitalia, and motor and speech delay.